Washington to Madison Practice Questions

Transcription

1 1 Washington s Proclamation of Neutrality (1793), Jefferson s Embargo Act (1807), and the Monroe Doctrine (1823) were all efforts to (1) avoid political conflicts with European nations (2) directly support European revolutions (3) aid Great Britain in its war against France (4) promote military alliances 2 In his Farewell Address, President George Washington warned against establishing alliances with European countries because he was concerned primarily about (1) restrictions on trade with Latin America (2) French colonization of the Caribbean (3) United States involvement in foreign wars (4) protection of the western frontier 3 Which constitutional provision indicates that the authors of the original Constitution did not completely trust the common voter to make decisions? (1) the electoral college (2) the veto power of the President (3) direct election of Senators (4) election to the House of Representatives 4 The completion of the Erie Canal in the early 19th century aided the economic development of the United States by (1) supplying water for the irrigation of western farms (2) lowering the cost of shipping goods from the Midwest to the Atlantic coast (3) providing a shipping route for cotton from the South to Europe (4) supplying water power for running factories and mills 5 Before the Civil War, the principle of popular sovereignty was proposed as a means of doing what? (1) allowing states to secede from the Union (2) permitting voters to nullify federal laws (3) deciding the legalization of slavery in a new state (4) overturning unpopular decisions of the Supreme Court 6 Acquiring New Orleans as part of the Louisiana Purchase was considered important to the development of the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys because the city (1) provided protection from attacks by the Spanish (2) provided migrant workers for river valley farms (3) served as a port for American agricultural goods (4) served as the cultural center for the nation 7 As the United States acquired more land between 1803 and 1850, what was the main controversy over these territories? (1) need for schools and colleges (2) failure to conserve natural resources (3) expansion of slavery (4) construction of transcontinental railroads 8 One result of the War of 1812 was that the United States (1) acquired French-held territory in southern Canada (2) maintained its independence and its territory (3) lost control of the Ohio River valley (4) gained territory from Mexico 9 Base your answer to the following question on the statements and on your knowledge of social studies. The speakers below are discussing foreign policies that the United States has followed at various times. Speaker A: Steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world. Speaker B: The United States will give economic aid to needy countries anywhere in the world, but will not provide military aid. Speaker C: The United States must prevent the growth of communism. Speaker D: The United States can take over other countries to help them become more like us. Which speaker states a policy most similar to the foreign policy advice given by President George Washington in his Farewell Address? (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

2 10 President Andrew Jackson used the spoils system to (1) veto bills he disliked (2) enforce Supreme Court decisions (3) move Native American Indians off their traditional lands (4) provide jobs to political party supporters 11 The Supreme Court decisions in McCulloch v. Maryland, Gibbons v. Ogden, and Wabash v. Illinois dealt with (1) freedom of speech (2) equal protection under the law (3) the supremacy of the National Government (4) the rights of labor unions. 12 Adherence to a strict interpretation of the Constitution would have prevented President Thomas Jefferson from (1) making the Louisiana Purchase (2) writing "State of the Union" messages (3) receiving ambassadors (4) commissioning military officers 13 "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex...." 19th Amendment, United States Constitution 15 President George Washington pursued a foreign policy of neutrality during his administration primarily because he believed that (1) the United States needed time to gain economic and military strength (2) treaties were prohibited by the Constitution (3) the United States should not expand by force (4) alliances should be established with both France and England Which group of women worked for the passage of this amendment? (1) Harriet Tubman, Jane Addams, and Dorothea Dix (2) Susan B. Anthony, Carrie Chapman Catt, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (3) Madeline Albright, Geraldine Ferraro, and Sandra Day O'Connor (4) Clara Barton, Amelia Earhart, and Eleanor Roosevelt 14 The War of 1812 has been called the "Second War for American Independence" primarily because the (1) British blocked United States access to the port of New Orleans (2) United States continued to resist taxes imposed by Great Britain (3) British government had never fully respected the United States as a free nation (4) United States and Great Britain had not Signed a peace treaty after the Revolutionary War

3 16 Base your answer to the following question on " the map below and on your knowledge of social studies. The Louisiana Purchase was important to the United States because it (1) expanded the nation s boundary to the Pacific Ocean (2) removed the Spanish from North America (3) closed the western territories to slavery (4) secured control of the Mississippi River " 17 What was a direct cause of the War of 1812? (1) the acquisition of Florida (2) American trade pacts with Spain (3) British impressment of American soldiers (4) Napoleon s rise in France 18 What did The Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) attempt to do? (1) end fighting between midwestern farmers and Native American Indians (2) encourage manufacturing in the West (3) increase the number of people who voted in presidential elections (4) settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the western territories 19 The Monroe Doctrine (1823) was issued primarily because President James Monroe (1) wanted to warn European powers against intervention in Latin America (2) opposed the revolutions taking place in South America (3) needed to establish a foothold in Panama for a future canal (4) believed the United States should pursue overseas colonies

4 20 Before the Civil War, why did slavery expand further in the South rather than in the North? (1) the Constitution contained a clause that outlawed the importation of slaves into the Northern states (2) Congress passed a law forbidding slavery in the North (3) Northern states passed affirmative action legislation (4) geographic conditions in the South encouraged the development of large plantations 21 Which Supreme Court case best completes the partial outline below? I. A. Heard under Chief Justice John Marshall B. Established judicial review C. Strengthened the judiciary (1) Marbury v. Madison (1803) (2) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) (3) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) (4) Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) 22 From 1820 to 1865, the debates over nullification, protective tariffs, and the spread of slavery into the new territories concerned the constitutional issue of the (1) balance of power between the federal and state governments (2) balance between the rights of individuals and the need to maintain order (3) protection of the rights of ethnic and racial groups (4) separation of power between the executive and legislative branches 23 President Andrew Jackson claimed that use of the spoils system increased democracy in the federal government because it (1) removed property-holding qualifications for voting (2) limited the role of the electoral college in presidential elections (3) allowed larger numbers of citizens to hold office (4) used nominating conventions to pick political party candidates 24 A geographic and economic motivation for the Louisiana Purchase (1803) was the desire to (1) annex California (2) secure land for the Erie Canal (3) control the port of New Orleans (4) own all of the Great Lakes 25 "It is evident that they belong to different systems. England to Europe, America to itself." Which United States foreign policy is most consistent with the idea expressed in this quotation? (1) the Marshall Plan (2) the Monroe Doctrine (3) the Truman Doctrine (4) the Atlantic Charter 26 A major criticism of the electoral college is that it (1) limits the influence of the two-party political system (2) allows a president to be elected without a majority of the popular vote (3) forces each political candidate to campaign in every state (4) makes the federal election process too expensive 27 Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott were best noted for their struggle to (1) prohibit the manufacture and sale of alcohol (2) abolish slavery (3) secure the right of women to vote (4) expose government corruption 28 The Louisiana Purchase had great geographic significance for the United States because it (1) reduced British control of North America (2) focused the United States on westward expansion (3) extended United States control over Mexico (4) decreased tensions with Native American Indians

5 29 President Andrew Jackson s policy toward Native American Indians was created to (1) encourage Native American Indians to become part of mainstream American society (2) force Native American Indians to move west of the Mississippi River (3) improve educational opportunities for Native American Indians (4) grant citizenship to Native American Indians 30 One way in which the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (1798) and the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification (1832) are similar is that each (1) claimed that individual states have the right to interpret federal laws (2) formed part of the unwritten constitution (3) supported the federal government's power to declare war (4) provided a way for new states to enter the Union 31 The Declaration of Sentiments, adopted at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848, was significant because it (1) promoted the idea of equal rights for women (2) demanded the immediate abolition of slavery (3) called for the prohibition of alcoholic beverages (4) asked government to restrict harmful business practices 32 What effect did the Louisiana Purchase have on the United States? (1) It doubled the size of the nation. (2) It enabled the United States to use the port of San Francisco. (3) It brought Texas into the Union. (4) It created an alliance between the United States and Great Britain. 33 The major purpose of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was to (1) create a military alliance for the defense of North America (2) guarantee democratic governments in Latin America (3) secure new colonies in the Caribbean (4) limit European influence in the Western Hemisphere 34 How did completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 affect United States commerce? (1) New York City lost business as manufacturing centers grew in the West. (2) United States exports to European countries declined. (3) Western farmers gained better access to East Coast markets. (4) The Midwest became the center of textile production. 35 The decision of President George Washington to use the state militia to put down the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 demonstrated that the (1) states were still the dominant power in the new nation (2) President was becoming a military dictator (3) Federal Government had no authority to impose an excise tax (4) new National Government intended to enforce Federal laws 36.. The war [War of 1812] exposed not only weaknesses in defense, but also in transportation. Modes and methods of transportation were totally inadequate. Generals moved troops slowly by carriages, or on foot, on poorly developed roads. President James Madison supported the idea of internal improvements, yet he vetoed an internal improvements bill, which would have provided for the construction of roads. He felt that roads and canals that would benefit local communities should be funded by the respective states and private enterprises. He did, however, approve monies for a National Road, solely on the grounds that it would benefit national defense. This road began in Maryland and stretched all the way to Ohio, joining the Northeast with the western frontier. An equally significant improvement was the completion of the Erie Canal, linking the Great Lakes with New York City and the Atlantic Ocean... Source: Kerry C. Kelly, "Anti-railroad Propaganda Poster The Growth of Regionalism, ," U.S. National Archives Records Administration According to Kerry C. Kelly, what was one government action that improved transportation?

6 37 Some of the Topics which shall engage my earliest attention as intimately connected with the prosperity of our beloved country, are, the liquidation of the national debt. The introduction and observance of the strictest economy in the disbursements of the Government, a Judicious tariff, combined with a fostering care of commerce and agriculture, and regulated by the principles before adverted to, a Just respect for state rights and the maintenance of state sovereignty as the best check of the tendencies to consolidation; and the distribution of the surplus revenue amongst the states according to the apportionment of representation, for the purposes of education and internal improvement, except where the subjects are entirely national. With the accomplishment of these objects I trust the memorials of our national blessings may be multiplied, and the scenes of domestic labor be made more animating and happy. Source: Andrew Jackson's First Inaugural Address (March 4, 1829) According to the passage, what was the primary focus of Andrew Jackson's political aims? 38 Napoleon offered to sell all of Louisiana, including the vast territory to the West and North of New Orleans. We were ready to agree, but I worried that I was exceeding my constitutional mandate...this treaty must, of course, be laid before both Houses. They, I presume, will see their duty to their country in ratifying and paying for it...his ward in purchasing an important adjacent territory...i did this for your good. Thomas Jefferson What was Jefferson's concern in agreeing to the Louisiana Purchase? 39 In the slave States the alternative is, that white men must govern the black, or the black the white. In several of these states the number of slaves is greater than that of the white population. An immediate abolition of slavery in them, as these ultra-abolitionists propose, would be followed by a desperate struggle for immediate ascendancy of the black race over the white race, or rather it would be followed by instantaneous collisions between the two races, which would break out into a civil war that would end in the extermination or subjugation of the one race or the other. Henry Clay 1820 According to the document, what does Clay fear will happen if all of the slaves in the South are emancipated? 40 And it is now discovered that nothing can be done without corrupting their Chiefs. This is so inconsistent with the principles of our government that it is high time the legislature should exercise a function and pass all laws for the regulation of the Indians. If they have too much land circumscribe them. Furnish them with the meat of agriculture, and you will thereby lay the foundation of their civilization by making them husbandmen. Treat them humanely and liberally, but put an end to treating with them and obtaining their country by corrupting their Chiefs, which is the only way by which a treaty can be obtained. Andrew Jackson, letter to John C. Calhoun, August 25, 1820 What does Andrew Jackson see as the solution to dealing with the Native American question?