An ERA OF GOOD & BAD FEELINGS. Nationalism & Sectionalism after the War of 1812 A07EW
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1 An ERA OF GOOD & BAD FEELINGS Nationalism & Sectionalism after the War of 1812 A07EW
2 Results of the War of 1812 Draw militarily Small war and insignificant in military terms. Important consequences for the U.S.: New spirit of nationalism Winners: War Hawks; Republicans, Andrew Jackson Losers: Indians, Federalists Paranoia about Britain died away ( Second War for Independence ) Long-term Effects: No U.S. involvement with Europe for 100 years. America looks inward
3 Guiding Question Historians have traditionally labeled the period after the War of 1812 ( ) the Era of Good Feelings. How accurate was this label? (considering the emergence of nationalism and sectionalism during the period) Nationalism Sectionalism
4 Politics: ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS Presidential Election of 1816
5 Politics: ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS James Monroe - President ( ) John Quincy Adams John Calhoun Federalist Party? Era of Good Feelings President James Monroe Sec. of State J.Q. Adams
6 1820 Presidential Election
7 MISSOURI Missouri statehood controversy (1819) Tallmadge Amendment (1819) gradual abolition (passed HR, failed in Senate) Missouri Compromise (1820) (Maine-Missouri Bill)
8 MISSOURI COMPROMISE REACTIONS like a fire-bell in the night... the [death] knell of the Union - Thomas Jefferson the title page to a great tragic volume J. Adams Continued Existence of Slavery: a) Legal Status b) Political Power c) Geographic/Economic Necessity Nationalism vs. Sectionalism??
9 ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION Panic of 1819 boom & bust cycles About every 20 yrs. in 19 th C. Causes of the Panic Deflation falling crop prices Esp. cotton: British demand drops - find cheaper sources Overspeculation on land easy credit from banks Western farmers unable to pay loans Who/What Trade deficit drained U.S. of specie is blamed? Bank of the U.S. tightens credit Tougher loan requirements, requires specie from state banks
10 ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION Great Migration Westward Old Northwest Old Southwest (why?) Concentration of Slavery, 1820 Spread of Settlement: Westward Surge,
11 ECONOMIC & DEMOGRAPHIC EXPANSION internal improvements Henry Clay American System Tariff of 1816 first protective Second Bank of the U. S. Internal improvements National Road at federal expense. SECTIONAL IMPLICATIONS? WEST got roads, canals, and federal aid?? EAST protective tariffs (w/ support from the West) SOUTH?? Major Migration Routes,
12 THE SUPREME COURT & NATIONALISM Marbury v. Madison (1803) judicial review Fletcher v. Peck (1810) Constitution forbids state laws impairing contracts (even corrupt ones) First major decision to find a state law in violation of the Constitution Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819) (Dartmouth College Case) sanctity of contracts McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Elastic ( necessary & proper ) clause Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Steamboat Case Commerce Clause Old Supreme Court Chamber
13 THE SUPREME COURT & NATIONALISM Resolution of Indian Questions [Indian Removal] Johnson v MacIntosh (1823) Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
14 NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS British Canada: Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) Convention of 1818
15 Jackson s Florida Campaigns
16 NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS Adams-Onís Treaty (1819) ( Transcontinental Treaty)
17 North America in 1824
18 NATIONALISM IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS The Monroe Doctrine (1823) The US to declare the Americas off-limits to Europe. A continuation of the neutrality and isolationist policies established by Washington. US will recognize existing European Colonies US will not meddle in European affairs Monroe Doctrine US will protect the Americas- --new countries which formed in Central and South America No European Colonization in the Americas
19 END OF THE ERA Election of Era Breaks Down Elections become based much more on popular support Corrupt Bargain (according to whom???)
20 Election of 1824: A Corrupt Bargain? Candidate Electoral Popular House Vote Vote Vote Jackson ,544 7 Adams , Crawford 41 46,618 4 Clay 37 47,136 -
21 John Quincy Adams President, John Quincy Adams (Library of Congress)
22 The Election of 1828 Andrew Jackson (Library of Congress)
23 Review of Presidents 1. George Washington ( ) no party Virginia 2. John Adams ( ) Federalist Mass. 3. Thomas Jefferson ( ) Republican Virginia 4. James Madison ( ) Republican Virginia 5. James Monroe ( ) Republican Virginia 6. John Quincy Adams ( ) Republican Mass. 7. Andrew Jackson ( ) Democrat Tenn.
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