Culture F I R S T O C C U P A N T S

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1 Culture F I R S T O C C U P A N T S

2 Spirituality Players Shaman Elders Source: Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur / BIBLIOTHÈQUE et ARCHIVES Canada / e Source: Création Bernard Duchesne

3 Spirituality Cultural expression Interpretation of dreams! Communication with spirits

4 Relationship with nature Description Attitude of respect toward nature. Circle of life

5 Relationship with nature Players Hunters Gatherers Women

6 Relationship with nature Forms of cultural expression Ceremonies at season changes Totem animals associated with clans

7 Communication and trade Element common to all communication Gift and counter-gift

8 Communication and trade Players Council of elders Chiefs Lewis Parker, Discussion du conseil des iroquois

9 Communication and trade Cultural expression Drum

10 Culture F R E N C H R E G I M E

11 Absolutism Power from God! Scepter = Symbol of Heaven

12 Absolutism King Governor Francis I Henry II Francis II Charles IX Henry III HenryIV Louis XIII Louis XIV Louis XV Troillus des Mesgoüets Aymar de Chaste Samuel de Champlain Charles de Montmagny Louis d Ailleboust de Coulonge Jean de Lauson Le vicomte de Mouzay Le baron d Avaugour Augustin de Saffray de Mésy Daniel de Rémy de Courcelle Le comte de Frontenac et de Palluau Joseph-Antoine de La Barre Le marquis de Denonville Le comte de Frontenac Louis-Hector de Callière Le marquis de Vaudreuil Le marquis de Beauharnois Le comte de La Galissonnière Le marquis de la Jonquière Le marquis du Quesne Le marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal

13 Absolutism Cultural expression The royal coat of arms Château Saint-Louis

14 Catholicism Christian religion Recognition of the authority of the Pope

15 Catholicism Players Bishops Clergy Religious orders Missionaries School Family

16 Catholicism Cultural expression Written reports of conversions The Jesuit Relations The Catéchism du diocèse de Québec Religious buildings Religious art Regulation of daily life by the religious calendar

17 Independent spirit and adaptation of the Canadiens Players Coureurs des bois Habitants Merchants

18 Independent spirit and adaptation of the Canadiens Cultural expression (Independent spirit) Fur trade without a permit Living in Amerindian territory Resistance to authority Pehr Kalm s travel to Canada

19 Independent spirit and adaptation of the Canadiens Cultural expression (Adaptation) Canadian houses Birchbark canoes Snowshoes Fur clothing

20 Culture B R I T I S H R E G I M E

21 Imperialism A policy of extending a country s power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means. (Oxford) Imposition of political structures by a state on other territories. Policy of assimilation and acculturation. Control of the economy

22 Imperialism (cont d) The actors The king The governor James Murray George III

23 Imperialism Cultural expression The Quebec Gazette The history of Emily Montague Nelson s column Victoria square

24 Liberalism A doctrine advocating individual freedom and equality. (Panorama) Individual freedom Freedom of expression Freedom of the press Participation in the exercice of political power

25 Liberalism Actors British merchants Louis-Joseph Papineau Canadiens bourgeoisie Patriotes

26 Liberalism Opinion journals Patriot flag The Theater Royal The Art Association The Société Saint-Jean-Baptiste

27 Ultramontanism A school of thought that affirmed the primacy of the spiritual power of the Church over the State. (A Question of History) Assertion of the primacy of the Church. Rejection of modernism Recognition of the absolute power of the pope

28 Ultramontanism Players: Monseigneur Bourget Monseigneur Laflèche The clergy

29 Ultramontanism Œuvre des bons livres Sainte-Marie-Reine-du-Monde Zouave mouvement

30 Anticlericalism Opposition to the clergy for its real or alleged influence in political and social affairs, for its doctrinairism, for its privileges or property, or for any other reason. (Britannica) Opposition to the influence of the church on the state. Rejection of clerical intervention in civil society. Challenging of traditionalism.

31 Anticlericalism Players The Parti rouge The Institut canadien de Montréal Dessaulles

32 Anticlericalism The library of the Institut canadien L avenir (Journal) Lettres sur le Canada (Arthur Buies)

33 Question Using this picture, explain Ultramontanism. Traditional (copy of st-peter s in Rome) Because it is like the Pope s church Zouave commemoration Built on the british side of montreal

34 Culture C O N T E M P O R A R Y P E R I O D

35 Imperialism (Again) Characteristics: Imposition of political institutions. «Imposition of one s culture and values on the territories in one s possession.»

36 Imperialism Players Lord Dufferin The Orangists The Imperial Federation League D Alton McCarthy

37

38 Imperialism Cultural expressions Statue of Queen Victoria World War I recruitment posters Visit of George VI

39

40 Capitalism An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. Characteristics Private ownership of means of production Focus on profits

41 Capitalism Players 1926: The Montreal Curb Market Banks John Redpath Multinationals

42 Capitalism Cultural expression The Sun Life building The Dominion Corset building Saint-Roch neighbourhood Saint-Henri neighbourhood

43 Socialism A way of organizing a society in which major industries are owned and controlled by the government rather than by individual people and companies. Characteristics Collective ownership of the means of production Primacy of general over individual interests

44 Socialism Players The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (Later the NDP) Albert Saint-Martin

45 Socialism Cultural expressions The Labour Progressive Party electoral posters The Ligue de défense ouvrière / Canadian Labour Defense League Lea Roback s Marxist bookstore

46 Agriculturism A doctrine that favors agriculture as a lifestyle. Characteristics Promotion of rural life Primacy of traditional values such as French language and Catholic religion Rejection of the industrial world

47 Agriculturism Players Curé Labelle Mercier Monseigneur Courchesne

48 Agriculturism Un homme et son péché La bonne chanson The Agriculture Merit Award

49 Nationalisms Canadian Characteristics Pride in being part of the British Empire (B. E.) Financial and military support to the B. E. Players Laurier The Canada First movement Cultural expression Canadian Red Ensign Creation of the Canadian navy Laurier s prediction that the 20th century would belong to Canada.

50 Nationalisms French Canadian Characteristics Attachement to the French language Attachement to the Catholic religion Distance maintained with the British Empire Players Henri Bourassa Lionel Groulx The Bloc Populaire Cultural expression Honoré Mercier at the Champs de Mars L appel de la race (Lionel Groulx) L Action nationale

51 Nationalisms Québec Characteristics Safeguarding the French language Respect for areas of provincial jurisdiction Affirmation of the distinct character of Quebec Players Duplessis René Lévesque Le Jour Cultural expression L Osstidcho Égalité ou Indépendance (Daniel Johnson) Option Québec (René Lévesque)

52 Secularism An ideology that maintains that only spiritual matters are within the Church s jurisdiction. Characteristics non-denominational character of public institutions, limiting religious life to the private sphere

53 Secularism Players Paul-Émile Borduas The École sociale populaire

54 Secularism Cultural expression Les demi-civilisés by Jean-Charles Harvey the Manifeste du Refus global (1948) Cité libre

55 Cooperatism An economic system that encourages the pooling of resources and a shared management style, as well as shared profits. Characteristics sharing of resources division of any surplus between the members

56 Cooperatism Players Alphonse and Dorimène Desjardins the Union catholique des cultivateurs Esdras Minville

57 Cooperatism Cultural expression the Cooperative Syndicates Act (1906) the Ligue ouvrière catholique Le Coopérateur agricole

58 Fascism An ideology that promotes tradition and totalitarianism as well as extreme nationalism. Characteristics cult of the leader single party ethnic nationalism

59 Fascism Players the Parti national social chrétien Adrien Arcand The Blue Shirts

60 Fascism Cultural expression the fresco by Guido Nincheriin Notre-Damede-la-Défense church in Montréal anti-semitic posters La Clé du mystère by Adrien Arcand

61 Feminism A collection of movements and ideologies that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, cultural, personal, and social rights for women. Characteristics demands for recognition of women s rights sexual equality

62 Feminism Players Nellie McClung the Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women the Conseil du statut de la femme

63 Feminism Cultural expression the Montréal Local Council of Women the magazine La Vie en rose the film Le temps de l avant by Anne Claire Poirier

64 Americanism A custom and way of life that resemble those of the United States Characteristics fascination with the American way of life admiration for freedom, individualism and economic success

65 Americanism Players large corporations Howard Hughes Ed Sullivan Oscar Peterson

66 Americanism Cultural expression Advertising fast food, Hollywood movies jazz

67 Neoliberalism An ideology that advocates a laissezfaire approach to the economy and calls state interventionism into question. Characteristics free markets individual responsibility reduction in state intervention in areas of public life

68 Neoliberalism Players Multinationals financial circles political parties

69 Neoliberalism Movements that oppose global justice movement social economy movements

70 Aboriginalism An attitude of consideration of Aboriginal peoples cultural characteristics. Characteristics preservation of Native culture protection for Native languages

71 Aboriginalism Players Samian Élisapie Isaac Jean-Luc Hervieux Alanis Obomsawin Bernard Assiniwi

72 Aboriginalism Cultural expression the Innu Nikamu festival Le Peuple invisible by Richard Desjardins and Robert Mondérie the First Peoples festival Inuit throat singing

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