REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE

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2 REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE ECONOMIC REVOLUTION DECLINE OF FUR TRADE RISE OF TIMBER INDUSTRY SHIP BUILDING DEVELOPMENT OF CANADIAN BANKS

3 REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE URBAN LIFE LOWER CANADA - GROWTH IN POPULATION DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES QUEBEC CITY MONTREAL

4 REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE RURAL QUEBEC 19 OF 20 FRENCH CANADIANS FARMERS 1830S ECONOMIC DECLINE FAMINE REPORTED FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS PRESSING ON POPULATION

5 REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE THE CHURCH CANADA NOT A THEOCRATIC SOCIETY SOMEWHAT MEDIEVAL IN OUTLOOK AND PRACTICES CLASH OVER EDUCATION ISSUES STATE SUPPORTED SCHOOLS WITH CHURCH INFLUENCE STATE VERSUS THE CHURCH - BY 1849 CHURCH WILL BECOME MORE IMPORTANT IN FRENCH CANADIAN SOCIETY

6 REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE ASSEMBLY VERSUS GOVERNOR WANTED TO LIMIT THE POWER FROM LONDON MORE ISSUES THAN UPPER CANADA ENGLISH VERSUS FRENCH DID HAVE SUPPORT OF IRISH CATHOLIC IMMIGRANTS ECONOMIC ISSUES LITTLE OR NO HELP/RESPONSE FROM LONDON

7 REBELLION ON THE ST. LAWRENCE LOWER CANADIAN REBELLIONS JOSEPH PAPINEAU A LEADER PATRIOTE LEADERS HAD TRIED THE POLITICAL ROUTE NOW NEED ORGANIZATION AND CONFRONTATION BOYCOTT OF GOODS ARMED REVOLTS - BRITISH TROOPS PUT THEM DOWN

8 UPPER CANADA REBELLION SETTLEMENT IN UPPER CANADA IMMIGRANTS COME TO UPPER CANADA LEADS TO A COLONIAL OLIGARCHY FAMILY COMPACT POLITICAL CONTROL OF UPPER CANADA TO A FEW RELIGIOUS DISPUTES MORE PROTESTANTS MOVE TO UPPER CANADA

9 UPPER CANADA REBELLION EDUCATION COMMON SCHOOL ACT REJECTED CLERICAL CONTROL OF SCHOOLS

10 UPPER CANADA REBELLION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS DEVELOPMENT OF EXCHANGE ECONOMY GROWTH OF WHEAT AND TIMBER INDUSTRIES REQUIRED INTERNAL DEVELOPMENTS - ROADS AND CANALS DEVELOPMENT OF BANKS IN UPPER CANADA BANKS START IN YORK (TORONTO)

11 UPPER CANADA REBELLION RISE OF REFORM MOVEMENT WANTED TO BREAK UP THE FAMILY COMPACT AND BRING ABOUT RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT CONSERVATIVES WOULD BE REACTIONARY POLITICALLY BUT PROGRESSIVE ECONOMICALLY REFORMERS WOULD BE PROGRESSIVE POLITICALLY BUT REACTIONARY ECONOMICALLY SIMILAR CONCEPTS IN LOWER CANADA

12 UPPER CANADA REBELLION MOVE TO REBELLION WILLIAM LYON MACKENZIE SCOTTISH IMMIGRANT - INFLUENCED BY TRIP TO UNITED STATES - (AGE OF COMMON MAN) ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FORCES

13 UPPER CANADA REBELLION UPPER CANADIAN REBELLION OF 1837 MACKENZIES S REBELLION IS AN ULTIMATE FAILURE TRIES TO ATTACK FROM THE UNITED STATES - DEFEATED

14 THE UNION OF THE CANADAS CONSEQUENCES OF THE REBELLIONS LONDON RESPONDED BY SENDING A ROYAL COMMISSION IGNORES THE FRENCH CANADIAN POSITION

15 THE UNION OF THE CANADAS DURHAM REPORT LORD DURHAM SPENDS 6 MONTHS IN CANADA 3 MAIN PROPOSALS GREATER SELF-GOVERNMENT - LOCAL AFFAIRS VERSUS COLONIAL AFFAIRS COLONIAL GOVERNOR SHOULD CHOOSE ADVISORS FROM MAJORITY PARTY - RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT UNION OF UPPER AND LOWER CANADA

16 THE UNION OF THE CANADAS FRENCH-ENGLISH RELATIONS COLONIAL OFFICE WANTED TO USE UNION TO PUNISH FRENCH - ASSURE SUBJECTION ENGLISH ONLY OFFICIAL LANGUAGE EQUAL REPRESENTATION IN ASSEMBLY - DESPITE LARGER FRENCH-SPEAKING POPULATION CONSOLIDATED DEBT - CANADA EAST AND CANADA WEST

17 THE CANADAS ARRIVAL OF RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT 1840 FAR FROM REALITY EVENTS OF 1840S MOVED IT ALONG FRENCH RESISTANCE TO ISSUES LONDON CEASING TO PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE IN COLONIAL AFFAIRS ALLOWING FRENCH LANGUAGE TO BE OFFICIAL

18 THE UNION OF THE CANADAS LOUIS-HIPPOLYTE LAFONTAINE AND ROBERT BALDWIN THE LAFONTAINE-BALDWIN GOVERNMENT, FORMED ON 11 MARCH 1848 BATTLED FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE OFFICIAL STATUS OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE, WHICH WAS ABOLISHED WITH THE UNION ACT, AND THE PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT AND THE DOUBLE- MAJORITY IN THE VOTING OF BILLS.

19 BALDWIN AND LAFONTAINE

20 THE CANADAS ANNEXATION MOVEMENT COMPENSATION BILL - FOR LOSSES FROM REBELLIONS OF MET WITH UNREST LOOK TO THE UNITED STATES FOR HELP MANY OPPOSED TO THE NOTION BOTH ENGLISH AND FRENCH

21 SHIFTING ALLIANCES NEW POLITICAL ALLIANCES RADICAL REFORMERS - NOW BECAME GRITS & FRENCH CANADIAN PARTI ROUGE LIBERALS AND CONSERVATIVES JOIN FORCES JOHN A. MACDONALD GEORGE-ÉTIENNE CARTIER FIGHT OVER A CAPITAL CITY MONTREAL, TORONTO OR BYTOWN?

22 NEW LEADERSHIP JOHN A. MACDONALD GEORGE-ÉTIENNE CARTIER

23 NEW POLITICAL AGENDAS POLITICS AND ECONOMICS AFTER RAILWAY DEVELOPMENT THE ISSUE NEED FOR GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT ALL MY POLITICS IS RAILROADS TRUE FOR MOST MAJOR POLITICIANS

24 NEW POLITICAL AGENDAS REP BY POP CANADA WEST NOT HAPPY WITH LEGISLATIVE UNION DIFFICULT TO RUN THINGS WITH A SPLIT NEEDED TO HAVE A DOUBLE MAJORITY TO PASS LAWS MAJORITY FROM CANADA EAST OR CANADA WEST AND MAJORITY IN THE COMBINED ASSEMBLY

25 NEW POLITICAL AGENDAS GEORGE BROWN NEED FOR A FEDERAL UNION

26 THE CANADAS NOT WORKING TOWARD CONFEDERATION REFORM PARTY GEORGE BROWN PROMOTES FEDERAL UNION A WIDER BRITISH NORTH AMERICAN UNION? KICKED AROUND DURING THE 1860S EXTERNAL PRESSURES INTERNAL STRIFE

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