Complementary activities (Chapter 1)

Transcription

1 COMPLEMENTARY ACTIVITIES Worksheet.8 Complementary activities (Chapter ) PART The Act of Union and the early days of the Province of Canada ( ) Textbook, pp What solution did Lord Durham recommend to end the conflicts between the Canadiens and the British in the colony? He recommended union of the two Canadas. OR He recommended the assimilation of the Canadiens. Complete the following map. Write the number corresponding to the British colonies and possessions around 840. IO Situate in time and space Rupert s Land Province of Canada 3 Newfoundland 4 Prince Edward Island 5 New Brunswick 6 Nova Scotia 90º W 80º W 60º W 50º W N W E Baie d Hudson (Hudson Bay) S Mer du Labrador (Labrador Sea) Lake Superior Lake Michigan Lake Huron Lake Erie Lake Ontario 5 Fl. Saint-Laurent (St. Lawrence Riv.) ATLANTIC OCEAN Legend Definite border Approximate border 70º W 60º W 3 Consult Document 6, on page 3 in your textbook. Identify a similarity and a difference between the Executive Council and the Legislative Council. IO Identify differences and similarities Similarity: Both councils were appointed by the governor general. Difference: The Executive Council was composed of eight members while the Legislative Council was composed of 4. Chapter D-5

2 4 Indicate if the following statements, regarding the political organization following the Act of Union of 840, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. Statement True False a) The constitution of the Province of Canada provided for a legislative assembly for Lower Canada and another one for Upper Canada. b) London granted the same number of members of the Legislative Assembly for both regions. c) The population of Upper Canada was greater than that of Lower Canada. d) London refused to establish responsible government. e) The governor and the councils maintained their power to block bills adopted by the members of the Legislative Assembly. f) The population chose the governor and councils during elections. Corrections: a) The constitution provided for a single legislative assembly for both regions of the Province of Canada. c) The population of Lower Canada was greater than that of Upper Canada. f) British authorities appointed the governor and councils. 5 Among the following measures of the Act of Union, circle the ones that disadvantaged French Canadians. A. Maintaining French civil law in Lower Canada B. Designating English as the only official language of the Province of Canada C. Maintaining elections as the method for choosing the members of the Legislative Assembly D. Merging the debts of the two Canadas E. Maintaining British criminal law throughout the Province of Canada F. Granting an equal number of members of the Legislative Assembly in both regions of the Province of Canada 6 Consult Documents 6 and 0, on pages 3 and 35 in your textbook. Indicate two elements of continuity between the government of 840 and that of 848. IO Determine changes The members of the Legislative Assembly were chosen by the voters. The members of the Legislative Council were appointed by the governor general, who was appointed by London. and continuities D-6 Chapter

3 7 Consult Document 8, on page 33 in your textbook. Match each statement with the corresponding group. IO Establish connections between facts Reformers Conservatives a) Included French Canadian members of the Legislative Assembly from Lower Canada b) Benefited from the support of the British business class c) Demanded the establishment of responsible government in the colony d) Did not want political change in the colony e) Wanted to protect the rights of French Canadians in Lower Canada f) Benefitted from the support of the professional bourgeoisie g) Included a few English Canadian members of the Legislative Assembly from Lower Canada h) Were in the minority in the Legislative Assembly in 84 8 In a responsible government, who are the members of the Executive Council accountable to for their actions? They are accountable to the members of the Legislative Assembly. 9 Consult Document 0, on page 35 in your textbook. What was the difference between the methods of appointing members of the Executive Council and members of the Legislative Council? IO Identify differences and similarities The Executive Council was appointed by the members of the Legislative Assembly while the Legislative Council was appointed by the governor general. 0 Among the following measures, circle the ones that were favourable for French Canadians in the Province of Canada. A. The restoration of French as a language of use in the Legislative Assembly B. The appointment of the governor general by London C. The law granting amnesty to the Patriotes D. The conservation of English as the only official language in the Province of Canada E. The law compensating victims of the 837 l838 rebellions F. The mother country s control of external affairs Summary What actions show a change in the mother country s attitude toward its British North American colonies? The end of protectionism and preferential tariffs as well as the granting of responsible government Chapter D-7

4 PART Toward a Canadian federation ( ) Textbook, pp Classify the British possessions in North America according to their status by writing their number in the appropriate column.. Province of Canada 4. New Brunswick. Newfoundland 5. Nova Scotia 3. North-Western Territory 6. Rupert s Land Hudson s Bay Company possession 3, 6 British colony,, 4, 5 Consult page 39 in your textbook and compare the positions of the political parties in the Province of Canada. IO Identify differences and similarities a) What common objectives did the Conservatives in both regions of the Province of Canada share? Develop the colony and build trade and political relations within the Province of Canada b) On what points did the Liberals disagree? Culture, religion and language c) Name one idea that the Liberals from both regions of the Province of Canada shared. The principle of separation of church and state 3 Indicate one consequence of ministerial instability in the colony between 854 and 864. Managing the affairs of the colony was increasingly difficult. 4 Consult Document 7, on page 4 in your textbook. According to George Brown, what issue had to be resolved regarding the political situation in the Province of Canada? IO Establish facts According to George Brown, it was necessary to determine if cohabitation between the French Canadians and English Canadians within the structure of the Province of Canada could be maintained. D-8 Chapter

5 5 Indicate if the following statements, regarding proportional representation, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. Statement True False a) With the creation of the Province of Canada, Lower Canada and Upper Canada had the same number of members in the Legislative Assembly. b) Until the mid-9th century, the population of Lower Canada exceeded that of Upper Canada. c) In the mid-9th century, the members of the Legislative Assembly from Lower Canada agreed with proportional representation in the Legislative Assembly. d) In the mid-9th century, proportional representation would give a greater advantage to the members from Upper Canada since they would be more numerous in the Legislative Assembly. e) Many French Canadians believed that proportional representation constituted an advantage for the defence of their culture and language. f) The issue of proportional representation prompted many politicians to seek change in the political organization of the Province of Canada. Corrections: c) The members of Lower Canada opposed proportional representation. e) Many French Canadians worried that proportional representation posed a threat to their culture and language. 6 Why did the United States become an important economic partner for the Province of Canada starting in the 850s? The United States became an important economic partner because of its geographical proximity and the size of its market. 7 What were the advantages of the 854 Reciprocity Treaty for the Province of Canada and the United States? For the Province of Canada: It could take advantage of the vast American market. For the United States: It could import many natural resources from the Province of Canada. 8 Consult Document 8, on page 4 in your textbook. What was the consequence of the Reciprocity Treaty for the value of exports from the Province of Canada to the United States? IO Determine causes The value of exports increased by more than $ and consequences Chapter D-9

6 9 Fill in the missing words in the following text. To avoid complete dependency on the American market, the British North American colonies developed a common market at the same time. Gradually, trade between the British colonies increased. Businessmen from the Province of Canada and from the other British colonies sought to expand this trade and create an economic unit to promote industry in the British colonies. The idea of forming a political union of the colonies began to gain ground. 0 Consult Document 9, on page 43 in your textbook. Why was a rail network developed in the British North American colonies? IO Determine causes and consequences To link several cities and the different British colonies, thereby facilitating the circulation of merchandise over long distances and increasing trade Consult pages 44 and 45 in your textbook. Match each statement with the corresponding states. IO Establish connections between facts Northern States Southern States a) Opted for secession from the United States b) Formed the Union States c) Practised slavery d) Had an economy based on industrial production e) Formed the Confederate States f) Wished to abolish slavery g) Had an economy based on cotton growing h) Won the Civil War How did the non-renewal of the Reciprocity Treaty between the Province of Canada and the United States contribute to the union of the British North American colonies? Without the Reciprocity Treaty with the United States, the Province of Canada had to increase its trade with the other British North American colonies, thereby strengthening support for a union with the other colonies in order to create a large economic unit. D-30 Chapter

7 3 Indicate if the following statements, regarding the Charlottetown and Québec conferences held in 864, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. Statement True False a) The representatives of New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland met in Charlottetown to discuss a union of the Maritime colonies. b) The Province of Canada managed to get itself invited to the Charlottetown Conference. c) The delegates of the colonies represented at Charlottetown agreed on the idea of a legislative union. d) Delegates from Newfoundland were invited to the Québec Conference, in December 864. e) At the Québec Conference, the delegates accepted the proposed union and drafted the 7 Resolutions. Corrections: a) There were no representatives from Newfoundland at the Charlottetown Conference. c) The delegates from the colonies represented at Charlottetown agreed on the idea of a federal union. d) Delegates from Newfoundland were invited to the Québec Conference, in October Consult Document 3, on page 47 in your textbook. Among the following statements, circle the ones associated with the elements agreed upon in the 7 Resolutions of the Québec Conference. IO Establish connections between facts A. The development of port infrastructure in Nova Scotia B. The proportional representation of the members of the legislative assemblies of each of the provinces C. The negotiation of an economic agreement with the United States D. The construction of a railway linking all of the provinces in the federal union E. The division of powers between two levels of government F. The establishment of customs duties to protect the common market 5 Consult Document 7, on page 49 in your textbook. Why was Jean-Baptiste-Éric Dorion opposed to Confederation? IO Determine causes and consequences Because he believed that Confederation granted too much power to the general (federal) government. Chapter D-3

8 6 Why can it be argued that the union of the British North American colonies was not a confederation, but rather a federation? Because the central government possessed greater powers than those granted to the provinces. It also held residual powers and power of disallowance. 7 Complete the following map. Write the number corresponding to the first Canadian provinces as well as to the British possessions at the time of Confederation. IO Situate in time and space Newfoundland Prince Edward Island 3 Nova Scotia 4 New Brunswick 5 Québec 6 Ontario 7 Rupert s Land 8 North-Western Territory 40º W 9 8 Baie d Hudson (Hudson Bay) W N S E Mer du Labrador (Labrador Sea) 40º W 50º W 9 British Columbia Legend Definite border Approximate border PACIFIC OCEAN 30º W ATLANTIC OCEAN 70º W 60º W 8 Indicate if the following statements, regarding the ties between the Dominion of Canada and the United Kingdom, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. Statement True False a) The Dominion of Canada could make its own laws. b) The Dominion of Canada remained under the authority of the British sovereign and the cabinet ministers. c) The Dominion of Canada controlled its foreign policy and army. d) The Dominion of Canada managed its finances. e) The Dominion of Canada could modify the British North America Act according to the will of the Legislative Assembly. Corrections: c) The Dominion of Canada did not control its foreign policy or the army, which were controlled by the United Kingdom. e) The Dominion of Canada could not modify the BNA Act without consulting the British Parliament. D-3 Chapter

9 9 Consult Document 3, on page 53 in your textbook. Match each jurisdiction with the corresponding level of government. IO Establish connections between facts Federal Provincial a) Customs duties h) Civil law b) Health i) Fishing, c) Education d) Prisons and justice e) Residual powers f) Municipalities g) Agriculture,, j) Navigation and shipping k) Postal service l) Currency and banking m) Economic development n) Indian affairs, 0 Summary What difficulties did the Province of Canada and the British North American colonies encounter in the mid-9th century? Briefly explain. Loss of financial partners: The United Kingdom with the establishment of free trade, and the United States with the end of the Reciprocity Treaty American threat: Civil War led to threat of annexation and the United Kingdom did not want to invest in the defence of its colonies Lack of funds for the development of a rail network that would support the establishment of a domestic market Summary What option did the British North American colonies choose to resolve their difficulties? To unite within the framework of a federal union Chapter D-33

10 PART 3 The first phase of industrialization (circa ) Textbook, pp Consult pages 56 and 57 in your textbook on the production of consumer goods. Classify the statements in the table below, according to whether they correspond to workers or craftspeople. IO Establish connections between facts. They are often specialized in the manufacture of a particular good.. They produce a greater quantity of goods at a faster rate. 3. They work with simple tools. 4. They usually perform a single task on the assembly line. 5. They perform each step in the manufacture of a consumer good. 6. They perform simple and repetitive tasks. 7. They do not need specialized training. 8. They produce a very limited quantity of goods. Workers, 4, 6, 7 Craftspeople, 3, 5, 8 Indicate if the following statements, regarding industrial capitalism, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. Statement True False a) Investments came mostly from British businessmen. b) Businessmen ran up a deficit by selling the goods they produced. c) The labour of craftspeople generated profits for businessmen. d) In the capitalist system, private entrepreneurs are supposed to ensure economic development. e) The state supported private entrepreneurs by building transportation infrastructure or adopting laws limiting trade. f) Profits were reinvested in more machines or factories. Corrections: b) Businessmen made profits by selling the goods they produced. c) The labour of workers generated profits for businessmen. e) The state supported entrepreneurs by building transportation infrastructure or adopting laws favourable to business. D-34 Chapter

11 3 Consult Document 35, on page 57 in your textbook. Identify two changes in the production of goods brought about by the Industrial Revolution. IO Determine changes and continuities Craftwork was replaced by work performed by machines. A larger quantity of goods was produced. 4 Consult Document 39, on page 59 in your textbook. Indicate a consequence of the improvements made to the Canal de Lachine in the second half of the 9th century. IO Determine causes and consequences An increase in industrial activity 5 What disadvantages of maritime transportation prompted businessmen and governments to invest in rail transportation? Maritime transportation was not very fast. It was not very effective in the winter. It was difficult to reach places far from waterways. 6 Consult Document 4, on page 60 in your textbook. What was the main constraint related to this means of transportation? IO Establish connections between facts The train had to follow the railway lines and could not circulate everywhere in the territory. 7 Consult page 60 in your textbook on the development of the rail network in Canada. Place the following statements in chronological order, numbering them from to 4. IO Situate in time and space Event a) Official opening of the Intercolonial Railway (876) b) Construction of the Saint John Shediac line, in New Brunswick (860) c) Construction of the Halifax Truro line, in Nova Scotia (858) d) Construction of the last section linking the Maritime network and Grand Trunk network (876) Order 4 3 Chapter D-35

12 8 Consult Document 44, on page 6 in your textbook. a) In the table below, indicate the provinces of the Dominion of Canada in which the Grand Trunk and Intercolonial Railway were located. IO Situate in time and space Ontario Province Grand Trunk Intercolonial Québec New Brunswick Nova Scotia Prince Edward Island b) What do you notice about the location of these two railway lines? IO Establish facts The Grand Trunk was located in Ontario and Québec while the Intercolonial Railway was concentrated in the Maritimes. The junction of these two networks was in Québec. c) What was the main difference between the orientation of the Grand Trunk and the orientation of the Intercolonial Railway? IO Identify differences and similarities The Grand Trunk was primarily oriented along an east west axis, while the Intercolonial Railway was oriented along a northwest southeast axis. 9 Name two factors that contributed to the development of the forestry industry in the second half of the 9th century as well as two sectors that were rapidly growing. Factors: Mechanization Expansion of the rail network Sectors: Lumber Pulp and paper 0 What factors were linked to the spectacular growth of the lumber industry? The development of cities, particularly in the United States The Reciprocity Treaty D-36 Chapter

13 Name: Group: Date: Consult the Geo Take note! box on page 63 in your textbook. a) On the following map, write in the number of the forestry regions that developed at the end of the 9th century as a result of the lumber industry and pulp and paper industry. IO Situate in time and space Outaouais 3 Saguenay Mauricie N E W nt ureer) -La iv nt ce R i S ar e n e uv Law e Fl St. ( Saint-Germain-de-Rimouski (Rimouski) S Saint-Josephd Alma (Alma) 3 Chicoutimi (Saguenay) Fraserville QUÉBEC (Rivière-du-Loup) Québec NEW BRUNSWICK Trois-Rivières Hull (Gatineau) Montréal Sherbrooke UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ONTARIO 0 50 km b) What were the benefits for these regions when investors developed the forestry industry there? IO Establish connections between facts They benefited from the development of several types of infrastructure, such as roads, mills, wells, etc. The following descriptions relate to changes that occurred in the agricultural industry in the second half of the 9th century. For each description, what was the change? a) The cultivation of wheat, oats, barley and buckwheat, and several varieties of vegetables Crop diversification b) A measure that ended an institution that dated back to the period of New France Abolition of the seigneurial system c) A change related to production that benefited the dairy industry Mechanization Chapter D-37

14 3 In the 9th century, why did farmers diversify their crops and turn to animal husbandry, particularly for dairy production? Farmers were adapting to new markets and the needs of a growing population. 4 Consult Document 49, on page 64 in your textbook. What explains the increase in oat production between 85 and 86? IO Determine causes and consequences There was an increase in oat production because oats were used to feed animals, particularly dairy cows. 5 Among the following statements, circle the ones that pertain to the advantages of dairy production. A. It allowed for smaller cultivated areas. B. It required few employees. C. It was less vulnerable to changes in weather. D. It created many jobs. E. It made it possible to supply the market with a greater diversity of products. F. It made it possible for farmers to avoid specialization. 6 Summary What factors contributed to the industrialization of the colony? Capital (primarily British), transportation (trains and canals), the division of labour among workers 7 Summary What characterized industrialization in the regions (rural areas)? The forestry industry (lumber and pulp and paper), mechanization, specialization (dairy production), the opening of new regions of colonization D-38 Chapter

15 PART 4 Social change and culture in the second half of the 9th century Textbook, pp Classify the following statements in the table below.. Included children. Owned capital 3. Included many women Business class, 4, 5 4. Owned the means of production 5. Composed of businessmen 6. Composed of men who worked in factories Working class, 3, 6 Indicate if the following statements, regarding working conditions in factories, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. a) Workers did not have to be very skilled. Statement True False b) Very often, every member of a working-class family had to work to meet their basic needs. c) Hiring women and children represented additional costs for employers. d) Women and children were paid less than men. e) The workweek was generally 6 days a week, 0 hours a day. f) To increase their profits, employers made sure that workers did not work too many hours. g) Workers had no social protection. Corrections: c) Women and children represented a cheap pool of labour. f) Employers did not hesitate to extend workers hours in order to increase their profits. Chapter D-39

16 3 Consult page 67 in your textbook on the first unions. Place the statements in chronological order, numbering them from to 3. IO Situate in time and space The first unions a) Establishment in Canada of the Knights of Labor (880s) b) Legalization of union associations (87) c) Foundation of the Knights of Labor in the United States (869) Order 3 4 Consult page 67 in your textbook on government measures to better protect workers. Indicate if each measure was implemented by the Québec Factories Act or if it was recommended by the Royal Commission on the Relations of Labour and Capital. IO Establish connections between facts Québec Factories Act Royal Commission on the Relations of Labour and Capital a) Limited the number of working hours a week b) Compensated workers injured on the job c) Set the minimum age for factory work,, 5 Among the following statements, circle the ones that pertain to different population movements in Québec and Canadian society in the second half of the 9th century. A. Migration from the countryside to the city B. Migration from the city to the countryside C. Colonization of seigneurial land and townships D. Colonization of new regions E. Emigration to other provinces in the Dominion F. Emigration to the United States G. American immigration H. British immigration D-40 Chapter

17 6 Consult Document 54, on page 68 in your textbook. What explains the increase in the urban population? IO Determine causes and consequences The need for labour in factories, which were concentrated in the large cities. OR More and more people left the countryside hoping to find work in the city. 7 Consult Document 55, on page 69 in your textbook. a) What distinguished working-class houses from those in bourgeois neighbourhoods? IO Identify differences and similarities Various possible answers. Examples: Working-class houses were practically on the street, crammed side-by-side, made of wood and in poor condition. Bourgeois residences were made of brick and were well maintained, surrounded by greenery with yards separating them from the neighbours houses. b) What advantages can be associated with bourgeois neighbourhoods? IO Establish connections between facts They were far from factories. Houses were large and well heated. Houses were equipped with sanitary facilities (sewer system, toilet, running water). 8 Consult the Something extra box on page 69 in your textbook. What infectious diseases affected working-class neighbourhoods? IO Establish facts Measles, scarlet fever, smallpox, diphtheria and typhoid fever 9 Why did the Québec government and the Catholic Church introduce agricultural colonization programs in remote regions of Québec? To slow the emigration of French Canadians to the United States Because they worried that the Francophone Catholic population would become more and more of a minority within a Canada that had a majority Anglophone population. 0 Give examples that illustrate the involvement of the state and the Church in agriculturalism. In 888, Honoré Mercier, premier of Québec, created the Department of Agriculture and Colonization. The priest Antoine Labelle was appointed deputy minister of colonization. Chapter D-4

18 Give two reasons for the increase in immigration in the second half of the 9th century. The Great Famine that ravaged Ireland starting in 845 The desire of the federal government to populate the country Why is it stated that Canada s net migration was negative between 86 and 90? Because there were more people leaving the Dominion than settling there. 3 Do the following statements express the ideas of ultramontanism or anticlericalism? Classify them in the table below.. Defended liberal ideas. Advocated the Church s dominance over the state 3. Advocated tolerance and freedom of thought 4. Disseminated ideas through the newspaper L Avenir 5. Made accessible certain titles banned by the Vatican 6. Was open to Protestants 7. Founded the Institut canadien de Montréal 8. Founded the Institut canadien-français 9. Excluded Protestants 0. Respected the clergy s moral instructions. Advocated the separation of church and state. Controlled the intellectual life of the population Ultramontanism Anticlericalism, 8, 9, 0,, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 4 According to the ultramontanes, what obligation did Québec s Catholics have to fulfill? They had to submit to the clergy for all religious and moral questions as well as matters pertaining to culture and politics. D-4 Chapter

19 5 Indicate if the following statements, regarding the role of women in Québec, are true or false. If you indicate that a statement is false, correct it. Statement True False a) In Québec, most charitable associations were composed primarily of women. b) The Montreal Local Council of Women was a major reformist association comprising mainly working-class women. c) The first Francophone association was founded at the end of the 0th century. d) Reformist associations rejected the traditional view of the role of women. e) Reformist women believed it was their duty as mothers to look after education and health. Corrections : b) The Montreal Local Council of Women was a major reformist association comprising mainly women from the Anglophone bourgeoisie. c) The first Francophone association was founded at the beginning of the 0th century. d) Reformist associations held a traditional view of the role of women. 6 Give a few examples that illustrate the fact that women were considered minors in the eyes of the law at the end of the 9th century. They could not act without the consent of their father or husband. They did not have the right to vote or the right to run for elected office. 7 What jobs were available to women who worked outside the home in the 9th century? Teacher; worker in a textile, shoe or tobacco factory; domestic servant; nun 8 Consult Document 69, on page 80 in the textbook. What job is depicted in this photograph? IO Establish facts Teacher Chapter D-43

20 9 Among the following statements, circle the ones that pertain to the social role of women s religious communities at the end of the 9th century. A. Managed the colonization of new regions B. Managed charitable organizations C. Promoted agriculture D. Managed hospitals E. Managed immigration programs F. Managed orphanages G. Managed private colleges H. Managed the installation of running water in working-class neighbourhoods I. Managed shelters 0 What distinguished the Mouvement patriotique et littéraire de Québec from the École littéraire de Montréal? The Mouvement patriotique et littéraire was devoted to patriotic literature, while the École littéraire de Montréal advocated a free style of writing, with no imposed themes and no other objective than the beauty of the writing itself. Summary What changes did industrialization bring to Québec society in the second half of the 9th century? Rural exodus, urbanization, difficult living and working conditions, the beginnings of unionism Summary What characterized the situation of women and the Church in this period? Women established reformist associations and started to demand their rights, which ran counter to the dominant values of the Church and certain politicians at the time. Professionals and intellectuals challenged the Church s interference in all aspects of society. Women and the Church were, therefore, the subject of debate between supporters and opponents in this period. D-44 Chapter

21 PART 5 Development of the Canadian federation ( ) Textbook, pp What three reasons motivated the Dominion of Canada to purchase the lands in the West? Offer new Canadians a place to settle Create a larger economic base as a means of promoting the Dominion s development Protect these undefended lands from American occupation and annexation Consult Documents 9 and 74, on pages 5 and 84 in your textbook. Identify the territorial changes that the Dominion of Canada underwent between 867 and 873. IO Determine changes and continuities In 873, the Dominion of Canada had four new provinces and territories: British Columbia, Manitoba, Prince Edward Island and the Northwest Territories (including Rupert s Land). 3 On the following timeline, place in chronological order the entry of the provinces and territories into the Dominion of Canada. IO Situate in time and space A. New Brunswick B. British Columbia C. Ontario D. Prince Edward Island E. Québec F. Manitoba G. Northwest Territories H. Nova Scotia F G D A C E H B 4 What was the cause of tensions with the Métis and Indigenous populations? The Canadian government s desire to colonize the newly acquired lands Chapter D-45

22 5 Consult page 86 in your textbook on the Red River Rebellion. Place the following statements in chronological order, numbering them from to 5. IO Situate in time and space Red River Rebellion a) The Métis demanded that the Canadian government recognize their territorial, religious and language rights. b) Following the acquisition of Rupert s Land, the Canadian government set out to colonize the lands where the Métis had settled. c) The Métis established the National Committee of Métis. d) The National Committee of Métis formed a provisional government to negotiate the entry of their territory into the Dominion of Canada as a province. e) The government sent surveyors to divide the land into grants for the colonists. Order Consult Document 76, on page 86 in your textbook. What were Louis Riel s demands? IO Establish facts That the Northwest Territories be considered a province That the Métis settled in the West be able to keep the lands they occupied and that their rights be respected That Francophone Catholics and Anglophone Protestants have separate schools That the Legislative Assembly and legislation be bilingual 7 Consult Document 78, on page 87 in your textbook. Why was Scott captured and executed? IO Determine causes and consequences Because he tried to overthrow the Métis provisional government and was accused of insubordination. 8 What were the three consequences of the seizure of control of the Manitoban government by English Canadian settlers? The occupation of Métis lands The abolition of several Francophone Catholic rights The departure of many Métis to settle elsewhere in the West D-46 Chapter

23 9 Among the following statements, circle the ones that pertain to the consequences of the second Métis uprising. A. Revolt of English Canadians B. Anger among many English Canadians C. Negotiators sent by the Canadian government D. Troops sent by the Canadian government E. Election of Riel and Métis leaders to the Batoche government F. Arrest of Riel along with Métis and Indigenous leaders G. Sentencing to exile of certain Métis leaders H. Hanging of Louis Riel I. Hanging of Thomas Scott 0 Consult Document 75, on page 85 in your textbook. Explain why the second Métis uprising occurred in Batoche. IO Determine causes and consequences In the years that followed the creation of Manitoba, the proportion of English Canadian settlers increased and many Métis left to settle farther west, in the Batoche region. The development of the railway and the arrival of immigrants in the North-West further reduced the Métis territory, leading to a second uprising. Complete the following statements pertaining to the political consequences of the Métis uprising. a) The Riel affair divided Canada. b) French Canadians, already mistrustful of English Canadians, were scandalized by Riel s fate. c) Riel became a symbol of the defence of the culture and values of the French Canadian nation. d) Many French Canadians felt that the federal government did not respect the rights of minorities. Chapter D-47

24 a) What was the main objective of the Indian Act? The assimilation of Indigenous people b) Among the following statements, circle the one that constitutes a consequence of the Indian Act for the legal status of First Nations people. A. The Indian Act sought to defend First Nations lands threatened by colonists. B. This act reflected the desire of the government to assimilate Indigenous people. C. First Nations people were defined as minors and wards of the state. 3 Name two reasons for the economic crisis of 873 to 878. Competition from American businesses Drop in the price of raw materials 4 In the table below, write the number of each component of the Macdonald government s National Policy under its corresponding objective. The three components of the National Policy were: increased customs duties expansion of the rail network 3 population growth through immigration to Western Canada Objective of the policy Increase settlement in Western Canada in order to develop the land Protect Canadian businesses from American competition Develop the domestic market Component of the policy 3 5 Among the following statements, circle the ones that accurately describe the building of the transcontinental railway. A. The rail network was completed in 885. B. Trains facilitated emigration to the West. C. Trains facilitated the circulation of goods and people. D. The construction of the rail network ended in 879. E. Trains promoted settlement and the development of the West. F. Trains promoted settlement of the West Coast and the development of industries in the East. D-48 Chapter

25 6 Consult Document 86, on page 93 in your textbook. a) Identify the three rail lines that linked the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. IO Establish facts The Intercolonial The Grand Trunk The Canadian Pacific b) Indicate four major cities connected by the transcontinental network. IO Establish facts Various possible answers. Examples: Halifax, Sydney, Moncton, Saint John, Fraserville, Montréal, Ottawa, Toronto, Sarnia, Sudbury, Port Arthur, Winnipeg, Regina, Calgary, Fort Langley c) What is the connection between the development of the rail network and the development of the Dominion of Canada? IO Establish connections between facts The construction of a rail network crossing the country from east to west facilitated the transportation of goods and the circulation of people. This enabled the Dominion of Canada to rapidly develop, and then occupy and control the territories extending all the way to the Pacific Ocean. 7 Consult Document 87, on page 96 in your textbook. Where did the Macdonald government encourage immigrants to settle? IO Establish facts Manitoba The Northwest Territories British Columbia 8 Classify the following statements in the table according to whether they represent a success or a failure of the measures to settle Western Canada. A. From 87 to 89, the population of Western Canada quadrupled. B. Most of the colonists were from the eastern region of the Dominion, particularly Ontario. C. The railway allowed many immigrants to settle in the West. D. At the very end of the 9th century and the beginning of the 0th century, Western Canada received immigrants from Eastern Europe. Success Failure A, C, D B Chapter D-49

26 9 Consult Document 88, on page 98 in your textbook. What did Mercier mean when he referred to the same race, the same language and the same altars? IO Establish connections between facts Mercier was indicating that the Métis were similar to the French Canadians of Québec because they spoke French and practised Catholicism. 0 What did the provinces of the Dominion of Canada demand during the first interprovincial conference? Respect of their jurisdictions A greater share of the tax revenues to fund the social programs managed by the provinces Summary In what way can it be stated that the development of the Canadian federation was a Western affair? In the years following the creation of the Dominion of Canada in 867, all of the events surrounding the development of the Canadian federation occurred in the West: the settlement of the West was a component of the Macdonald government s policy, the Métis uprising led to the creation of Manitoba, the rebellions in the West strained federal provincial relations, etc. D-50 Chapter