ADDITIONAL READING EXERCISE FOUR

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1 HIST1302 Dr. Butler ADDITIONAL READING EXERCISE FOUR Instructions: For this exercise, students will read a variety of documents relating to the post-world War II period. Links to online versions of these documents are provided on the professor s website at Referring to this material, students will answer the following questions. 1) In his 1947 address to the NAACP, who or what did President Truman say should show the way toward providing positive safeguards for civil rights? a.) Ordinary Citizens b.) Religious Leaders c.) State Governments d.) The National Government 2) In his 1947 Truman Doctrine speech, which country or countries did President Truman say needed U.S. assistance, in order to stave off a Communist takeover? a) Italy b) Turkey c) Greece d) Both B and C above 3) What was the actual name of the so-called Marshall Plan? a) The Economic Recovery Act of 1948 b) The Civil Rights Act c) The Taft-Hartley Act d) The Equal Opportunities Act 4) Article Five of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that no one shall be: a) Denied a nationality. b) Subjected to torture. c) Denied the right to travel to other countries. d) Denied the right to a fair trial. e) All the above. 5) Which President issued Executive Order 9981, directing the United States Armed Forces to be desegregated? a) Franklin D. Roosevelt b) Harry S. Truman c) Dwight D. Eisenhower d) John F. Kennedy 1

2 6) Part Four of the so-called Dixiecrats 1948 Platform called for: a) Immediate desegregation of the Armed Forces b) Continued segregation of the races c) Economic aid to war-torn Europe d) Repeal of the fourteenth amendment 7) In the opening paragraphs of the1948 Democratic Party Platform, Democrats took credit for: a) Restoring an economy shattered by twelve years of Republican neglect b) Providing the American people with safeguards such as insured bank accounts and Social Security c) Leading the nation to victory over Nazi Germany in the Second World War d) Helping rebuild the economies of Europe following the Second World War e) All the above 8) In the Domestic Policies section of the 1948 Democratic Party Platform, Democrats: a) Advocated tax cuts for low-income families b) Advocated repeal of the Taft-Hartley Act c) Championed a National Health Program d) Championed equal rights for racial and religious minorities e) All the above 9) In the 1948 Republican Party Platform, Republicans: a) Called for maximum voluntarism and minimum dependence on the law b) Took credit for passing an amendment limiting Presidents to two terms c) Pledged to reduced government spending and the national debt d) Called for Communism to be rooted out wherever found e) All the above 10) The Twenty-second Amendment states: a) No person can be elected to the office of President more than twice b) Any person who serves more than two years of another President s term, can only be elected President once c) It is not applicable to the President who was in office when the amendment was proposed 11) Which one of the following was NOT a party to the Korean War Armistice agreement? a) Commander-in-Chief, United Nations Command b) Commanding General, Army of the Soviet Union c) Supreme Commander, Korean People s Army d) Commander, Chinese People s Volunteers 2

3 12) For what action or behavior did his colleagues in the Senate censure Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy? a) Public drunkenness b) Bringing the Senate into dishonor and disrepute c) Philandering 13) Which constitutional amendment was cited as support for the 1954 Supreme Court decision s regarding Brown vs. Board of Education? a) First b) Fourteenth c) Fifteenth d) Nineteenth 14) In its decision regarding Brown vs. Board of Education, which previous Supreme Court ruling did the 1954 court overturn? a) Marbury vs. Madison b) Roe vs. Wade c) The Dred Scott Decision d) Plessy vs. Ferguson 15) The Interstate and Defense Highway Act of 1956 projected the completion of the national interstate highway system in what length of time? a) Ten years b) Thirteen years c) Twenty years d) Fifty years 16) Who or what did President Eisenhower authorize to carry out the order of the U.S. District Court of Eastern Arkansas, which called for desegregation of Little Rock s Central High School? a) The Governor of Arkansas b) The FBI c) The Secretary of Defense d) The Secretary of State 17) In his farewell speech, President Eisenhower warned the American people to be careful of the unwarranted influence of who or what? a) The military-industrial complex b) The Supreme Court c) The United Nations d) Organized crime 3

4 18) In his 1960 address to the Greater Houston Ministerial Association, Senator John F. Kennedy sought to assure his audience he was an absolute believer in: a) God b) Jesus c) The influence of religious groups on public policy d) Separation of Church and State 19) In his 1961 inaugural address, President Kennedy pledged U.S. support for: a) The United Nations b) Our sister republics south of the border c) Old allies. 20) Which one of the following statements about the Peace Corps is NOT true? a) The Peace Corps was to be an agency of the Department of State b) The Peace Corps was to be an agency of the Department of the Interior c) The Peace Corps would train Americans for overseas service in programs of assistance d) The Peace Corps would be headed by a Director 21) Worried that Friendship 7 might burn up on re-entry into the Earth s atmosphere, mission control instructed astronaut John Glenn to: a) Keep the visor on his space helmet closed b) Not jettison his retropack c) Start praying d) Turn the spacecraft sideways 22) In his 1962 television address to the American people, President Kennedy said that in order to halt the further buildup of offensive weapons in Cuba, he had ordered: a) A full retaliatory response upon the Soviet Union. b) An emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council c) Air strikes on missile bases in Cuba d) A strict quarantine (naval blockade) of Cuba 23) Which nations were parties to the 1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty? a) The United States, France, and Great Britain b) The United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain c) The United States, the Soviet Union, and China d) The United States, the Soviet Union, and France 24) In his 1963 Radio and Television Address to the American People on Civil Rights, President Kennedy referred to recent events in: a) Berlin b) Moscow c) Alabama d) Washington, D.C. 4

5 25) Who besides Dr. Martin Luther King spoke at the 1963 March on Washington? a) Mrs. Medgar Evers, widow of slain civil rights leader Medgar Evers b) A. Philip Randolph, Director of the March on Washington c) James Farmer of the Congress of Racial Equality 26) Who persuaded John Lewis to moderate the language of his speech at the Lincoln Memorial, during the 1963 March on Washington? a) Dr. Martin Luther King b) A. Philip Randolph c) President Kennedy d) Mahalia Jackson 27) In his Letter From a Birmingham Jail, Dr. Martin Luther King characterized as unjust any law that: a) Degrades human personality b) Is out of harmony with moral law c) Made racial segregation statutory. 28) In his I Have A Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King stated his hope that one day his children would live in a country where they would be judged not by the color of their skin but by: a) The content of their character b) Their level of education c) Their political affiliation. 29) In his I ve Been to the Mountaintop speech, Dr. Martin Luther King recalled a time when he might have died if he had: a) Talked back to a white man b) Sneezed c) Coughed d) Not learned to swim 30) In his The Ballot or the Bullet speech, Malcolm X emphasized his belief in: a) Black Nationalism b) Non-Violence c) His religion. e) Only A and C above. 5

6 31) The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made it unlawful to: a) Use literacy tests to determine a person s right to vote b) Discriminate in public accommodations on the basis of race c) Threaten or use violence against anyone trying to exercise their rights. 32) Although many of the social programs and agencies instituted by President Johnson s 1964 Economic Opportunity Act have since been modified, weakened or rolled back by conservative administrations, which still remain? a) Job Corps b) Head Start c) The Office of Economic Opportunity e) Both A and B above 33) In President Johnson s 1964 War on Poverty speech, which proposed program was specifically meant for people who wanted to attend college? a) Job Corps b) Work-Study Program c) Work-Training Program 34) What did the 1964 Tonkin Gulf Resolution state? a) That North Vietnam had attacked U.S. naval vessels in international waters b) That the President of the United States could use armed force to assist any member or protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty c) That the Resolution would expire when the President determined that the peace and security of the area was reasonably assured d) All of the above. 35) At which age are Americans entitled to Medicare benefits? a) 55 b) 60 c) 62 d) 65 36) What was the main topic of President Johnson s Special Message to Congress ( The American Promise on March 15, 1965? a) Voting Rights b) The War in Vietnam c) The War on Poverty d) Riots in American Cities e) All the above 6

7 37) What verse from a popular social protest song of the 1960s did President Johnson use in his American Promise speech? a) We shall overcome b) The answer my friend is blowing in the wind c) The times they are a changing d) Keep your eyes on the prize 38) Which one of the following was NOT a provision of the 1965 Voting Rights Act? a) No state shall use any practice or procedure to deny a person the right to vote on account of race or color b) If a court determines that a test or device has been used to deny someone the right to vote on account of race or color the court shall suspend such test or device c) No state shall use any practice or procedure to deny a person the right to vote on account of religious beliefs d) The purpose of the act was to enforce the fifteenth amendment. 39) The Twenty-fifth Amendment permits a President to appoint a new Vice-President when the office becomes vacant. Who or what has to approve the appointment? a) The Supreme Court b) The Senate c) The House of Representatives. e) Only B and C above. 40) What was the name of the band that performed the Vietnam War protest song, I Feel Like I m Fixin To Die Rag? a) The Beatles b) Big Brother and the Holding Company c) Country Joe and the Fish d) Led Zeppelin 41) What was the nickname of the Apollo 11 Lunar Landing module? a) Eagle b) Snoopy c) Friendship 7 d) The Big Cheese 42) National Guardsmen killed how many students at Kent State University in the spring of 1970? a) Four b) Nine c) Eighteen d) Twenty-five 7

8 43) In his letter to President Nixon, regarding the Lt. Calley case, Capt. Aubrey Daniels stated his belief: a) That Calley was innocent of murdering Vietnamese civilians b) That the soldiers were justified in killing Vietnamese civilians c) That Nixon had made a mockery of the judicial system by intervening in the Calley case d) That Calley ought to be given a medal 44) In his testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in 1971, Vietnam War veteran John Kerry stated: a) That the war in Vietnam was a civil war b) Nothing in Vietnam realistically threatened the United States c) Most Vietnamese people did not understand the difference between communism and democracy 45) What do the Smoking Gun conversations reveal about President Nixon? a) That he and his advisors discussed a cover-up of the burglary of Democratic National headquarters the same month the crime occurred b) That he urged his advisors to mislead the FBI, saying the bureau should not to go any further with its investigation because it might reveal something embarrassing about the Bay of Pigs invasion c) That he used mild profanity in the privacy of his office 46) In his speech announcing a pardon for former President Nixon, President Gerald Ford stated: a) That he did not think Nixon could get a fair trial anytime in the near future b) That Nixon and his family had suffered enough already c) That his concern was the immediate future of the country 47) Read the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette article about Carter s proposed pardon of Vietnam War draft resisters: How did it differ from Ford s conditional amnesty plan? a) There was no essential difference between the two plans b) Ford required draft resisters to perform public service, Carter did not c) Ford s plan extended to deserters as well as draft resisters, Carter s pardon did not d) Both B and C above 48) After the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in January 1980, what did President Jimmy Carter do? (See Lodi News-Sentinel article.) a) He asked the Senate to postpone consideration of the SALT II treaty b) He halted grain sales to the Soviet Union c) He threatened to boycott the Moscow Olympics 8

9 49) Which one of the following statements is NOT true about the Israel-Egypt Peace Agreement of 1979? a) The agreement was signed at ceremonies held in Cairo, Egypt b) The two sides were brought together by U.S. President Jimmy Carter in 1978 at Camp David, Maryland c) The agreement was signed in Washington, D.C. d) Two years after he signed the agreement, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat was assassinated by Muslim extremists e) Both Israeli Prime Minister and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize as a result of the agreement 50) True (A) or False (B): President Reagan negotiated the release of the American hostages held in Iran from November 1979 through January

Harry Truman Dwight Eisenhower John F. Kennedy

Harry Truman Dwight Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Years in office Political Party Decisions or Decisions, Acts, or Identify 2 significant social aspects of this era Lyndon Johnson Richard Nixon Gerald Ford