US History in One Semester

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1 Name 1 st enchmark for Semester US History in One Semester Secure for Local Use Edition 2007 ll rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced by any means, in whole or in part, without the express written permission of Eduware, Inc.

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3 o not reproduce US History IRETIONS: The items in this test are based on the North arolina Standard ourse of Study for US History. Proceed with the test on the next page. Page 1

4 o not reproduce US History 1. "The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connections as possible." -George Washington Which foreign policy does this quote support? 3. Soon after the United States onstitution was adopted, disagreements arose over the proper role of government. These led to what development? cabinet offices civil rights movements appeasement corporations economic sanctions political parties imperialism neutrality 4. Why was the Election of 1800 important? 2. What does President George Washington's decision to use the state militia to put down the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 demonstrate? It represented the first election to shift the presidency from one political party to another. Jefferson won with less than half of the popular votes. The states were still the dominant power in the new nation. The president was becoming a military dictator. The federal government had no authority to impose an excise tax. It was the first election in which the presidential candidates selected their vice presidential candidates. dams contested the election through courts. The new national government intended to enforce federal laws. Page 2

5 o not reproduce US History 5. To what does "War Hawks" refer? emocrats who wanted to annex Texas during the Mexican-merican War. a group of ongressmen from the South and West who supported the War of What was the most important cause of the increased output in cotton by the South during the early 19th century? the importation of more frican slaves Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin patriots who supported the Revolutionary War against England firebrand Southerners who pushed for secession as early as 1850 healthier varieties of cotton plants the government's granting of larger farms to cotton growers 6. "It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is..." -Marbury v. Madison, 1803 What does this statement express about the Supreme ourt's role? ourts must abide by a strict interpretation of the onstitution. Federal laws must be approved by the courts before they can take effect. 8. Which was an important lasting result of the War of 1812? a new merican nationalism a new merican territory in New Orleans new agreements between the United States and anada increased tensions between the North and the South The judicial branch must have a role in the amendment process. The power of judicial review belongs to the courts. Page 3

6 o not reproduce US History 9. Why did Thomas Jefferson push for the Louisiana Purchase? He wanted mericans to control territory stretching to the Pacific Ocean. He was worried about a strong French and Spanish presence and wanted merican control of New Orleans. He was concerned about the tough southern merican border sharded with Mexico. He thought the English should not have control over any territory in North merica. 11. While John Marshall was hief Justice, what power was given by the Supreme ourt's interpretations of the onstitution? Power was given to ongress to override a Presidential veto. Power was given to the state to nullify national laws. Power was given to the Supreme ourt to declare acts of ongress and state laws unconstitutional. Power was given to the President to veto a bill. 10. Which conflict was ended by the Treaty of Ghent? 12. Which question resulted from the territorial expansion of the United States during the first half of the 19th century? merican Revolution French and Indian War Should new states to the Union be admitted by ongress or the President? Mexican-merican War War of 1812 Should new immigrants be allowed to own land in the new territories? Should the new states formed from the territories pay higher taxes than the original states? Should the new territories be open to slavery? Page 4

7 o not reproduce US History 13. "Resolved, that all laws which prevent a woman from occupying such a station in society as her conscience shall dictate, or which place her in a position inferior to that of man, are contrary to the great precept of nature and therefore of no force or authority." - eclaration of Sentiments and Resolutions Seneca Falls onvention, 1848 What were the writers of this selection protesting? the employment of more women outside the home 14. Which statement correctly describes the paintings of the Hudson River School? They are scenes displaying the awe of the merican frontier. They are scenes of revolutionary war locales. They are scenes displaying the gruesome and vicious nature of the ivil War. They are scenes of problems in merica painted in efforts to reform. a law making abortions legal gender discrimination against women 15. Who was an important figure in school reform? lack of legal protection for frican- merican women orothea ix harles Finney Horace Mann Joseph Smith Page 5

8 o not reproduce US History 16. ase your answer to the following question on the map below and on your knowledge of U.S. History. 17. rook Farm and New Harmony are examples of what type of community? Mormon prison slave Utopian 18. What was the result of ndrew Jackson's frequent use of the veto? The office of the presidency became stronger relative to the legislature. The Maysville Road bill was undefeated. ongress changed the number of votes needed to override a president's veto. People felt that the executive branch was becoming too submissive. What was the primary result of road and turnpike development? 19. How did the Whig Party begin? Migration from east to west increased. as a group unified by dislike of ndrew Jackson Southern states became more industrialized. as a group opposed to the control of government by freemasons State government control of transportation was increased. as a group which felt that slavery should be altogether abolished Escape from slavery was made easier. as a group which believed a protective tariff was too high Page 6

9 o not reproduce US History 20. What was the direct result of the Missouri ompromise? The states went to war over slavery. 21. ase your answer to the following question on the cartoon below and your knowledge of U.S. History. It temporarily resolved conflicts over the expansion of slavery. The slave states had a tactical advantage after securing another slave state into the Union. Several slave territories from the Louisiana Territory attempted to enter the Union as slave states. What is the symbolism of ndrew Jackson being dressed as a king in this cartoon? Jackson's adoption of a spoils system to promote the wealthiest classes Jackson's handling of the national bank of the United States Jackson's desire to increase the power of the presidency by sometimes disregarding the onstitution. Jackson's policy of severe taxation to finance the construction of a new White House Page 7

10 o not reproduce US History 22. house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. braham Lincoln, 1858 ccording to this quotation, what did braham Lincoln believe? Slavery was immoral and should be abolished immediately. Sectional differences threatened to destroy the Union. 24. Who were carpetbaggers? recently freed blacks denied their rights due to black codes Southern democrats who vowed to redeem their states Northerners who moved down South to participate in Reconstruction governments Southerners who supported the Reconstruction regime The Southern states should be allowed to secede if slave policy is uniform. 25. What was one ruling of the Supreme ourt in red Scott v. Sanford? To save the nation, the North should compromise with the South on slavery. ongress did not have the right to exclude slavery from the territories. ll frican-mericans were citizens. 23. What does the term total war describe? Sherman s policy of destroying everything in order to show civilians the impact of the war. Slavery was permitted in the whole country. The Three-Fifths ompromise was unconstitutional. The fact that the ivil War battlegrounds stretched from Northern Virginia to Louisiana. General Winfield Scott s original plan to destroy the onfederacy. Grant s destruction of the Native mericans to keep them from coming into merican territory. Page 8

11 o not reproduce US History 26. What did the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments in the period following the ivil War show? 28. Why did the onfederacy believe that France and ritain would intervene on their behalf? The states had increased their power at the expense of the federal government. ny kind of segregation would no longer be allowed in the United States. Federal powers could be expanded to protect the rights of minorities. They wanted to see a divided and thus weakened United States. They needed cotton for their factories. They needed to unload products of the Southern market. They wanted revenge on the North. The political and economic rights of women were protected. 29. What was a major result of the ivil War? 27. What was one advantage the North held over the South when the ivil War began? The economic system of the South came to dominate the United States economy. more politically experienced leaders more talented military leadership more resources for war materials more opportunities to fight on the defensive The federal government's power over the states was strengthened. Members of ongress from Southern states gained control of the legislative branch. The nation's industrial development came to a standstill. Page 9

12 o not reproduce US History 30. In their plans for Reconstruction, what did both President braham Lincoln and President ndrew Johnson seek? to punish the South for starting the ivil War to force the Southern states to pay reparations to the Federal Government to allow the Southern states to reenter the nation as quickly as possible 32. Following the ivil War, why did many Southern states enact lack odes? to provide free farmland for frican- mericans to guarantee equal civil rights for frican-mericans to restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons to support the creation of the Freedman's ureau to establish the Republican Party as the only political party in the South 33. fter barely avoiding impeachment, what did President ndrew Johnson do? 31. Where was sharecropping a common system of farming? He gave in to the Radical Republican plan for Reconstruction. New England after the Revolutionary War He became a stronger and more powerful president. the Middle tlantic states before the ivil War He ran for a second term as president, as a Republican. the Pacific Northwest before World War I He became even more lenient towards the South. the Southern states after the ivil War Page 10

13 o not reproduce US History 34. How did the assassination of braham Lincoln affect the Reconstruction Period? 36. In the late 1800s, which action directly led to an increase in violations of the rights of frican-mericans? President ndrew Johnson punished the onfederacy more than other Republicans had hoped. addition of the 13th, 14th, and 15th mendments to the Federal onstitution The Radical Republicans' attempts to influence Reconstruction policy were largely successful. The onfederate states wanted to return to the Union. The Ku Klux Klan lost all influence over Southern state governments. integration of public facilities such as restaurants and restrooms passage of Jim row legislation by some Southern states start of affirmative action programs by the Federal Government 35. Why was ndrew Johnson impeached? He fired the Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton, without Senate approval. 37. What did ongress create in order to ease the adjustment from slavery for freed blacks? the 10 percent plan His Reconstruction plan was harsher towards the South than the congressional plan. the 13th amendment the Freedman's ureau He held a duel with William Seward. the NP He was responsible for the end of Reconstruction Page 11

14 o not reproduce US History 38. "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." Where is this quote found? in the onstitution 41. ase your answer on this discussion and on your knowledge on U.S. History. Speaker : "Some slaves were freed after the Emancipation Proclamation; others were freed by an amendment to the onstitution. We all know that free men may vote, and we do not need further amendments to tell us that" in the eclaration of Independence in the Gettysburg ddress in the Monroe octrine Speaker : "If we pass these amendments, we still do not ensure the rights of freed people. In states where white people traditionally have run the government, freed people will find it difficult to exercise their rights." 39. Where did the Emancipation Proclamation technically free slaves? in border states in onfederate territory not occupied by the North in Louisiana only in the North and in the South 40. Why was the Supreme ourt's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson significant in the history of frican-mericans? It established desegregation in public schools. Speaker : "s a member of the Republican Party, I want to see these amendments adopted to ensure the voting strength of our party in the South." Speaker : "These amendments must be passed. The passage of these amendments will guarantee equal rights with no further governmental action required." Speaker assumed that the Republican Party could count on the votes of which group? former onfederate soldiers former slaves urban factory workers It granted voting rights to black citizens. Western farmers It permitted "separate but equal" public facilities. It declared Jim row laws illegal. Page 12

15 o not reproduce US History 42. For what efforts are William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Tubman, and Harriet eecher Stowe best known? creating free public schools beginning the temperance movements expanding the rights of women opposing the practice of slavery End of US History Exam Page 13