WS/FCS Unit Planning Organizer

Transcription

1 WS/FCS Unit Planning Organizer Subject(s) Social Studies Conceptual Lenses Grade/Course American History 1 Compromise Unit of Study Unit 6: The Civil War and (4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 5.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) War Power and Authority Unit Title A House Divided Change Pacing 15 days (block) Unit Overview The sixth, and final, unit of American History 1 will trace the cause of the Civil War and and its effects through the conceptual lenses of compromise, war, power/authority, and change. Road to the Civil War Slavery had always been a divisive issue in the United States, from the compromises made during the creation of the U.S. Constitution to the compromises made as a result of the nation s territorial expansion. As a result of the 2 nd Great Awakening, the abolition movement developed hoping to persuade the nation to abandon the peculiar institution of slavery. Unfortunately, the abolitionist tactics just furthered the sectional tension within the country. After the Mexican War, the conflict over slavery intensified and threatened to tear the country apart. National and state interests and rights divided the country. The Civil War occurred because compromise was no longer seen as an option. Although the Wilmot Proviso failed, more intense conflicts arose with the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. However it was the Dred Scott decision that crystallized the opposition to slavery and polarized the country. The increased polarization resulted in the creation of new political parties, which would play a significant role in the 1860 presidential election. The election of Abraham Lincoln to the Office of the President was followed by secession and war. Civil War The Civil War tested the strength of the United States to endure the most challenging event a nation can face. As president during the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln had to make difficult decisions regarding the power and authority of the national and presidency to ensure the preservation of the Union. Citizens faced major political and cultural challenges, including limits to their civil liberties and freedoms, and had to make great economic sacrifices. Although the war had devastating effects on its citizens and the environment, the Union was preserved and slavery came to an end. During, the United States had to rebuild from the devastating effects of the Civil War and adjust to the dismantling of slavery. Opinions on how to deal with those states that seceded varied and multiple plans were suggested. Ultimately, the Southern states were divided into military zones, which were managed by the federal.

2 Governmental policies were put in place to ensure the freedom and equitable treatment of the newly freed slaves. Initially, these policies benefited free African Americans and the United States witnessed the election of African Americans into numerous political roles. But, the positive changes were short lived, as former slave codes were simply replaced by black codes. These black codes, and eventual Jim Crow laws, significantly limited the freedom, equality, and opportunities for African Americans. As the nation worked to rebuild from the Civil War, new political conflicts and economic issues developed. While conflict between the legislative and executive branches would lead to the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson, political corruption would tarnish the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant. The economic toll of the Civil War would eventually result in the Panic of By 1877, was officially over and the United States would transition into a new phase. This transition from the Civil War and Era into the Gilded Age would have political, economic, and cultural effects on different groups of people. The role of the scalawag and carpetbagger was diminished. The political opportunities and hopes for equality for African Americans were all but eliminated in the South, which led to the migration of some African Americans to the North and West. Unit Enduring Understanding(s) 1. Nations often use compromise as a tool to reduce or eliminate sectional tensions. 2. The inability to compromise can lead to war. 3. War can impact the power and authority of. 4. War has the ability to change society. Unit Essential Question(s) 1. Why do nations resort to political compromise as a method to reduce or eliminate sectional tension? 2. How can the inability to compromise lead to war? 3. How does war impact the power and authority of? 4. How does war have the ability to change society?

3 Essential State Standards Priority Objectives AH1.H.4.1 Analyze the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises AH1.H.4.2 Analyze the economic issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises AH1.H.4.4 Analyze the cultural conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises that resulted. AH1.H.5.2 Explain how judicial, legislative and executive actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of from colonization through. AH1.H.7.1 impact of war on American politics through. AH1.H.7.2 impact of wars on the American economy through. AH1.H.7.3 impact of wars on American society and culture through. *Standards 1 (historical thinking) and 2 (turning points) are included in every unit. Supporting Objectives AHI.H.3.2 Explain how environmental, cultural, and economic factors influenced the patterns of migration and settlement within the U.S. before the Civil War. AH1.H.4.3 Analyze the social and religious conflicts, movements and reforms that affected the United States from colonization through in terms of participants, strategies, oppositions, and results. AH1.H.5.1 Summarize how the philosophical, ideological and/or religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems through. AH1.H.6.2 reasons for involvement in wars prior to and the influence each involvement had on international affairs. AH1.H.8.1 Analyze the relationship between innovation, economic development, progress, and various perceptions of the American Dream through. AH1.H.8.2 Explain how opportunity and mobility impacted various groups within American society through. AH1.H.8.3 Evaluate the extent to which a variety of groups and individuals have had opportunity to attain their perception of the American Dream. AH1.H.8.4 Analyze multiple perceptions of the American Dream in times of prosperity and crisis through.

4 Unpacked Concepts (students need to know) AH1.H.4.1 the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises that resulted AH1.H.4.2 the economic issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises that resulted AH1.H.4.4 the cultural conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises that resulted AH1.H.5.2 how judicial, legislative and executive actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of from colonization through AH1.H.7.1 how judicial, legislative and executive actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of from colonization through AH1.H.7.2 the impact of wars on the American economy through AH1.H.7.3 the impact of wars on American society and culture through Unpacked Skills (students need to be able to do) AH1.H.4.1 Analyze (impact) AH1.H.4.2 Analyze (impact) AH1.H.4.4 Analyze (impact) AH1.H.5.2 Explain (affect) AH1.H.7.1 Explain (impact) AH1.H.7.2 Explain (impact) AH1.H.7.3 Explain (impact) COGNITION (RBT Level) AH1.H.4.1 Analyzing AH1.H.4.2 Analyzing AH1.H.4.4 Analyzing AH1.H.5.2 Understanding AH1.H.7.1 Understanding AH1.H.7.2 Understanding AH1.H.7.3 Understanding

5 Standard(s) Unit Chunking & Enduring Understandings Suggested Lesson Essential Questions Possible Factual Content (Bold Found in Standards) Example(s) From Unpacked Standard AH1.H.4.1 Analyze the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises AH1.H.4.4 Analyze the cultural conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises AH1.H.5.2 Explain how judicial, legislative and executive actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of from colonization through. Road to the Civil War Slavery impacts the cultural development of those that are enslaved. A nation may agree on values and principles philosophically, but disagree on the practical application of those same principles. How did slavery impact the cultural development of slaves? Why did free Americans have such conflicting views on slavery? Antebellum Life - slavery as a peculiar institution * effect on slave culture ~ women and family ~ religion and folklore - plantation system * King Cotton Abolitionism / Anti- Slavery Actions - perceptions * plantation owners * free blacks * southern farmers * northern laborers * western settlers * George Fitzhugh - Nat Turner s Rebellion - Underground Railroad * Harriet Tubman - Henry David Thoreau s Civil Disobedience - Frederick Douglas What to a Slave Is the Fourth of July? - Uncle Tom s Cabin - John Brown and Harper s Ferry How the institution of slavery impacted the antebellum lives and cultures of those who were enslaved. How the institution of slavery impacted the antebellum lives, cultures and perspectives of those who were free.

6 AH1.H.7.1 impact of war on American politics through. AH1.H.7.3 impact of wars on American society and culture through. Regional values, beliefs, and economic interests often conflict. Compromise sometimes fails to solve long term problems. Cultural development and differences sometimes lead to open rebellion and/or war. Why did the expansion of slavery cause so much sectional tension within the United States? To what extent were political compromises over the expansion of slavery a failure? How did increased division over the expansion of slavery and state s rights lead to open rebellion? Political Issues and Conflicts - debate / compromise * expansion of slavery * Free Soil Party * Compromise of 1850 * Fugitive Slave Act * Kansas-Nebraska Act ~ Bleeding Kansas * Brooks-Sumner incident * Dred Scott decision * Lincoln-Douglas debates ~ Freeport Doctrine Sectionalism - irrepressible conflict States Rights Abolitionism / Anti- Slavery Actions - Nat Turner s Rebellion - Underground Railroad * Harriet Tubman - Henry David Thoreau s Civil Disobedience - Frederick Douglas What to a Slave Is the Fourth of July? - Uncle Tom s Cabin - John Brown and Harper s Ferry Government policies and actions that promote national growth and expansion can create sectional tension and political debate. extent executive, judicial and legislative decisions may have increased sectional tension within the United States. extent the failure of political compromises over the expansion of slavery contributed to the onset of the Civil War. How and why cultural conflicts became open rebellions.

7 Elections can lead to a significant change in a nation s politics and society. Why was the Election of 1860 a turning point in American History? Election of Republican v. Democrat - platforms - Lincoln s win - secession - Crittenden Compromise Abraham Lincoln - attempt to avoid war Jefferson Davis Fort Sumter How and why certain presidential campaigns and elections significantly changed American politics and society. extent American participation in and debate over war shaped the development and platforms of national political parties. How and why political leaders and citizens adopted different tactics and justifications to oppose war at different times. AH1.H.5.2 Explain how judicial, legislative and executive actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of from colonization through. Civil War A nation s and leaders often assume more authority during periods of war. To what extent did Abraham Lincoln secure the authority of the national and increase the power of the Presidency during the Civil War? Leadership - Abraham Lincoln * authority of national - Military * Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman * Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson Political Decisions - Emancipation Proclamation Conscription Anaconda Plan Appomattox Court House How, why, and to what extent the wartime leadership of Abraham Lincoln secured the authority of the national and increased the power of the U.S. Presidency. extent the secession of southern states impacted congress and the development of federal policies during the Civil War.

8 AH1.H.7.1 impact of war on American politics through. AH1.H.7.2 impact of wars on the American economy through. AH1.H.7.3 impact of wars on American society and culture through. War can lead to both economic benefits and crisis. War can impact the rights, roles, and responsibilities of citizens. Culture, as exemplified by art, music, fashion, literature and language, can reflect the fear and anxiety created by warfare. How did the Civil War both benefit industry but cause economic crisis? How did the Civil War affect the rights, roles, and responsibilities of different citizens? How does the art, literature, and music of the Civil War reflect the cultural impact of the war? Economic Impact of War - northern states - southern states * private property rights - western states - industry Cultural and Societal Impact of War - northern states - southern states * movement of soldiers along southern battlefields and communities - western states - Lincoln s Gettysburg Address - women * change in role, responsibility, and perception - slaves/free blacks * 54 th Massachusetts - art, literature, music, language * reflection of How the United States Civil War impacted the economies of the northern, southern and western states. How wars and conflicts, such as the Civil War, influenced the development of the nation s industrial base. How, why and to what extent the United States involvement in various wars led to economic crisis and panic. extent civil liberties were impacted by various wars and conflicts. How wars impacted the roles, responsibilities and perceptions of women in American society. extent nationalism, patriotism and participation in warfare was reflected in American art, literature, music, and language. How and why the mobilization,

9 nationalism, patriotism, and participation - civil liberties devastation and outcome of the United States Civil War impacted northern, southern, and western societies and culture. AH1.H.4.1 Analyze the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises AH1.H.4.2 Analyze the economic issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises AH1.H.4.4 Analyze the cultural conflicts that impacted the United States through and the compromises Rebuilding and strengthening unity after a civil war often requires increased power and authority. Why was it necessary to increase the power of the federal during? - policies, plans, and legislation * power of southern secession states v. federal * Lincoln s Plan * Wade-Davis Bill * Johnson s Plan - cultural and societal impact * devastation - economic impact * scalawags * carpetbaggers How policies and legislating impacted the distribution of power between the southern secession states and the federal. How, why and to what extent strengthened the power and authority of the national over the states. How and why the mobilization, devastation and outcome of the United States Civil War impacted northern, southern, and western societies and culture.

10 AH1.H.5.2 Explain how judicial, legislative and executive actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of from colonization through. AH1.H.7.1 impact of war on American politics through. AH1.H.7.2 impact of wars on the American economy through. AH1.H.7.3 impact of wars on American society and culture through. Outlawing slavery changes the political, economic, and cultural dynamics of those formerly enslaved. Political scandals and economic crisis can impact the political, social, and cultural development of a nation. How did the abolition of slavery politically, economically, and culturally affect freed African Americans? How did the political scandals and economic crisis during the era impact the political, social, and cultural development of the United States? Freed Slaves - extent of freedom and equal citizenship * 13 th, 14 th, 15 th Amendments * Jim Crow ~ poll tax ~ literacy tests - benefits from * Freedman s Bureau - migration / movement - tenancy and sharecropping - impact of Radical - KKK Political Issues and Conflicts - debate /compromise * Tenure of Office Act * Compromise of 1877 ~ election of 1876 ~ power/authority of Federal Government - Impeachment of Andrew Johnson - Ulysses S. Grant / political scandal Economic Issues and Conflicts - Panic of 1873 extent newly freed African Americans culturally benefited from the political and economic reconstruction of the South. How and why tenancy and sharecropping prevailed in the South after the Civil War. The social and cultural effects of the period, and specifically Radical on the newly freed African Americans and the United States. How political scandals influenced various presidencies and the political development of the nation. How and why national economic panics originated and impacted the political, social, and cultural development of the United States.

11 Transitions between distinctive time periods in a nation s history can politically and economically impact people. How did the end of politically and economically impact various groups of people? End of - reason - economic and political impact * on scalawags * on carpetbaggers * on free African Americans * frontier settlement - exoduster How and why ended and how it impacted various groups politically and economically. *Standards 1 (historical thinking) and 2 (turning points) are included in every unit. i.e.: How was the election of 1860 a turning point in American History? HISTORY Conflict Leadership GEOGRAPHY Region CIVICS & GOVERNMENT Citizenship Freedom Individual Rights Politics ECONOMICS Resources Scarcity CULTURE Culture Society Values and Beliefs Language Objective EXAMPLES

12 Historical Thinking and Geography Skill Resources Straight Ahead Uphill Mountainous Historical Thinking Geography Skills. General Unit Resources Straight Ahead Uphill Mountainous

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