4. Analyse the effects of the Mexican American War ( ) on the region.

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1 Listed below are actual test questions from IB exams past. You should strongly consider using one of these questions as the basis for your IA. Feel free to tweak the question to better allow you to focus on a specific policy or a specific event. Test Q s 2010 HOTA 2. To what extent were the wars of independence in Latin America due to the grievances of the Creoles against the peninsular Spaniards? Support your answer with reference to one independence movement. 3. Why did the United States go to war against British North America in 1812? 4. Analyse the effects of the Mexican American War ( ) on the region. 6. To what extent was the victory of the North in the United States Civil War due to its superior industrial resources and manpower? 7. Compare and contrast the successes and failures of one United States leader and one Canadian leader between 1865 and Discuss the impact of the development of the modern state ( ) on the Native American population in one country of the region. 9. Assess the role of Canada in the First World War. 10. Define the United States policy of Moral Diplomacy and discuss its impact on the region. 11. To what extent did Lázaro Cárdenas rule ( ) renew the ideals of the Mexican Revolution? 12. Analyse the influence of the Mexican Revolution on the arts. 14. Why was there opposition to the New Deal policies of Franklin D Roosevelt? 15. Analyse the social and economic effects of the Second World War on one country of the region. 16. Assess the decision by the United States to use atomic bombs on Japan during WWII. 17. Assess the results of the Silent Revolution (Quiet Revolution) in Canada during the 1960s.

2 18. Compare and contrast the rise to power of two populist leaders in Latin America between 1945 and Analyse the successes and failures of President Kennedy s foreign policies towards Latin America between 1961 and With reference to two countries of the region, to what extent did the civil rights of Native Americans change from the 1960s to the 1980s? 22. Why was the African American Civil Rights Movement in the United States more effective in the years 1954 to 1964 than in the late 1960s? 23. To what extent do you agree with the view that during the last decades of the twentieth century, access to new technology increased the gap between rich and poor nations? Causes of Conflict 1. Discuss the part played in the outbreak of the First World War by two states (excluding Germany). 2. Analyse the reasons for, and the results of, either the Spanish Civil War ( ) or the Chinese Civil War ( ). 3. Assess the significance of naval warfare in determining the outcome of one twentieth century war. 5. For what reasons, and with what results, did Iran and Iraq fight a war from 1980 to 1988? 6. For what reasons, and with what results, did twentieth century wars influence the status of women? Single Party Leaders 13. Analyse the conditions that enabled one left-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. 14. Discuss (a) the ideology of, and (b) the support for, one right-wing ruler of a single-party state.

3 15. Compare and contrast ( or just evaluate one) the domestic policies of two of the following: Castro; Kenyatta; Stalin. 16. Evaluate the methods used by either Perón or Nasser to maintain power. 17. Examine the role of education in one single-party or authoritarian state. 18. In what ways, and to what extent, was propaganda important in the rise and rule of Hitler? 2011 Test Q s HOTA 1. With reference to one independence movement you have studied, analyse the significance of foreign aid in helping to achieve independence. 2. For what reasons, and with what results, was the Monroe Doctrine established in 1823? 3. Analyse the issues that led to changes in the United States political system between 1792 and How significant were the 1837 rebellions for the political development of Canada? 5. Compare and contrast Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis as wartime leaders during the United States Civil War. 6. To what extent was The Battle of Gettysburg the turning point of the United States Civil War? 7. Assess the domestic and foreign policies of Wilfrid Laurier. 8. Examine the reasons for, and the impact of, the Harlem Renaissance. 9. Why did the United States adopt a policy of neutrality from 1914 to 1917? 10. Analyse the impact of the First World War on the society of one country of the region. 11. Compare and contrast the aims of Francisco Madero and Venustiano Carranza during the Mexican Revolution. 12. Assess the successes and failures of the Plutarco Elías Calles presidency.

4 14. Analyse the response to the Great Depression of one Latin American country. 15. Compare and contrast the treatment of Japanese Americans and Japanese Canadians during the Second World War. 16. Analyse the economic effects of the Second World War in either Canada or one Latin American country. 17. Examine the domestic policies of one Canadian or Latin American leader between 1945 and To what extent was Truman successful in his domestic policies as president of the United States ( )? 19. In what ways did the foreign policy of the United States change during the Eisenhower administration? 21. Assess the aims and impact of the Black Panthers between 1966 and the 1970s. 22. Analyse the reasons for Native American activism in one country of the region after the 1960s. Causes of Conflict 1. Analyse the causes of the Iran Iraq war ( ) or the Falklands/Malvinas war (1982). 2. To what extent did militarism contribute to the origins of the First World War ( ) and the Second World War ( )? 3. Analyse the impact of guerilla warfare on the course and outcome of one twentieth century war. 5. How effective have attempts been to achieve collective security since the Second World War ( )? Support your view with specific examples. 6. Assess the economic effects of either the Spanish Civil War ( ) or the Nicaraguan

5 Revolution ( ). Single Party leaders 1.Compare and contrast the conditions which helped the rise to power of two right-wing leaders of single-party states. 14. To what extent did either Mao s or Stalin s domestic policies solve the problems they faced? 16. With reference to one left-wing (Stalin, Mao, Castro) totalitarian state, examine its impact on the lives of its citizens. 17. Describe how and why propaganda was used in a single party state that we studied. 18. Analyse the treatment of religious groups in a single-party state. Questions 2013 HOTA 1. To what extent was hostility between Spain and Britain the main cause for at least one war of independence in the Americas? 2. Compare and contrast the contribution of two of the following leaders to the process of independence in the Americas: Adams; Jefferson; San Martín; Bolivar. 4. Analyse the effects of the Mexican American War ( ) on any other country of the region. 5. In what ways, and to what extent, did the events of the 1850s contribute to the increase of sectionalism and the outbreak of the United States Civil War? 6. Why, and with what results, was there political opposition to the plans for Reconstruction in the United States between 1863 and 1867?

6 7. Examine the impact of immigration on one country of the region ( The Americas) from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. 8. With reference to at least one country of the region, to what extent were the aims of Progressivism achieved by 1929? 10. Evaluate the arguments that took place in the United States over ratification of the Versailles Treaty following the First World War. 12. Examine the impact of the Mexican Revolution on two of the following: the arts; education; music. 13. With reference to at least one country of the region, to what extent was the Wall Street Crash of 1929 a cause of the Great Depression? 14. How successfully did any one Latin American country deal with the challenges brought about by the Great Depression? 15. Assess the social impact of the Second World War on women and/or ethnic minorities in any one country of the region. 19. Explain the changing nature of the United States involvement in Vietnam between 1963 and Examine the effects of McCarthyism on society and culture in the United States from the late 1940s to the late 1950s. 21. Evaluate the successes and failures of the feminist movement in one country of the region during the period How successful were United States governmental institutions in advancing civil rights for African Americans after 1945?

7 Causes of Conflict in the 20th Century 1. Assess the role of each of the following in causing the First World War ( ): the desire for revenge; economic motives; Balkan nationalism. 3. With reference to the period , analyse the factors which hindered the maintenance of international peace. 4. Analyse the reasons for, and results of, either the Indo-Pakistan wars ( ) or the Iran Iraq war ( ). 5. In what ways, and for what reasons, did the role and status of women change as a result of twentieth century total war (World War I or WWII)? 6. Account for the use of guerrilla warfare in the Chinese Civil War ( ) and estimate its contribution to Communist victory. Single Party Leaders 13. To what extent did two single-party rulers, each chosen from a different region, fulfil the promises made during their rise to power? 14. By what methods, and with what success, did one single-party leader try to eliminate domestic opposition? 15. Compare and contrast the social and economic policies of Perón and Castro. 16. Assess the importance of each of the following in the rise to power of Stalin: errors made by rivals; the use of propaganda; popular support. 17. With reference to either Hitler or Mao, examine the reasons for, and results of, educational policies in the single-party state. 18. Analyse the impact of single-party rule upon minorities in a single-party state. Test Questions 2014 HOTA

8 1.With reference to two countries of the Americas, discuss how a battle or military campaign impacted on each country s independence movement. (Choose/focus on one) 2. Analyse the social and economic impact of independence on one country of the Americas. 3. Analyse the reasons for the rise, and assess the impact of, caudillos in two countries of the region in the 19th century. 4. Analyse the causes of the Mexican American War ( ). 5. To what extent did the role of foreign powers impact the outcome of the United States Civil War? 6. To what extent did the theory of nullification and the nullification crisis contribute to the origins of the United States Civil War? 7. Compare and contrast the aims and tactics of two of the following leaders in their efforts to improve the situation of African Americans between 1865 and 1929: Booker T Washington; WEB Dubois; Marcus Garvey. 8. Assess the role of railroad construction in the modernization of any two countries of the region between 1865 and Analyse the reasons for the expansionist foreign policy of the United States during the period Examine the successes and failures of Álvaro Obregón s rule ( ). 12. Compare and contrast the political and economic policies of Plutarco Elías Calles and Lázaro Cárdenas. 13. With reference to specific groups and individuals, analyse their reasons for opposition to the

9 New Deal ( ). 14. Examine the impact of the Great Depression on women and minorities in either the United States or Canada. 15. Analyse the diplomatic impact of the Second World War on either Canada or one country of Latin America. 17. For what reasons, and with what results, did President Johnson attempt to establish a Great Society in the United States? 18. In what ways, and to what extent, was one populist leader in Latin America successful in achieving economic independence during the period ? (Choose one, be specific) 19. Discuss the aims of President Kennedy s Alliance for Progress and analyse its impact on Latin America during the 1960s. 22. Analyse the reasons for, and the impact of, the youth protests of the 1960s and 1970s in one country of the Americas. Causes of Conflict 1.With reference to either the First World War ( ) or the Second World War ( ), to what extent was the Allies success the result of their superior tactics and strategies? (Choose one conflict) 2. Assess the extent to which religious causes were an important factor in the origins of either the Spanish Civil War ( ) or the Indo Pakistan wars ( , 1965, 1971). 3. Assess the factors which determined the result of either the Falklands/Malvinas War (1982) or the Nigerian Civil War ( ). (Choose one) 4. In what ways, and with what success, were attempts made to establish collective security in either the period or ? 5. Examine the political and economic effects of the Chinese ( or other) Civil War.

10 6. With reference to a guerrilla war of the 20th century, to what extent was the guerrillas success due mainly to the mistakes of their opponents? Single Party Leaders 14. Identify the nature and extent of opposition to one authoritarian or single-party ruler, and assess the methods used to deal with such opposition. 15. How successfully did Hitler implement his religious policies in Germany? 16. Compare and contrast the economic and social policies of Stalin and Mao. (Specify more) 17. Examine the successes and failures of either Perón or Castro as leader of an authoritarian or single-party state. 18. Analyse either the changing status of women or the treatment of religious groups in any authoritarian or single-party states. (Choose one, look for policies) Test Questions 2015 HOTA 2. Examine the influence of political ideas on the nature of the United States Declaration of Independence. 4. The constitution of 1787 produced a radical change in the US political system. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 5. To what extent were the problems associated with westward expansion the most significant causes of the US Civil War. 7. Examine the causes of immigration to two countries of the Americas between 1865 and (Choose one country to focus on)

11 8. Evaluate the impact of Social Darwinism on any country of the Americas during the period 1865 to Evaluate the causes for US involvement in the Spanish American War of 1898 To what extent do you agree with this statement? 11. Compare and contrast the aims and methods of Villa and Zapata in the Mexican Revolution. 12. Examine the impact of the educational reforms of Vasconcelos. 13. To what extent did either Vargas in Brazil or the Concordancia in Argentina successfully resolve the problems caused by the Great Depression? (Choose one) 14. To what extent was Franklin D Roosevelt s response to the Great Depression conservative rather than radical? 15. Examine the significance of the diplomatic or military role of two countries in the Americas during the Second World War. 16. To what extent was the use of the atomic bomb in the Second World War a political rather than a military decision? 17. To what extent were domestic political factors in Cuba the main cause of the Cuban Revolution? 19. Examine the reasons for, and methods of, US intervention in Chile in the early 1970s. 20. Evaluate the factors that influenced US military intervention in Korea. 21. Evaluate the contribution of either Dr Martin Luther King or Malcolm X to the Civil Rights Movement. 22. Examine the extent to which the native peoples of one country of the Americas advanced their civil rights after Evaluate the successes and failures of Reagan s foreign policy in the Americas.

12 24. To what extent did one country in Latin America successfully meet the challenges it faced when restoring democracy during the period 1980 to 2000? Causes, practices and effects of wars 1. To what extent did total war become the norm during the 20th century? 2. Evaluate the role of technology in prolonging the First World War. 3. Examine the role of revolutionary movements in causing any two conflicts. (Choose and focus on one) 4. Compare and contrast the causes of the Nigerian Civil War ( ) and the Nicaraguan Revolution ( ). 5. To what extent was the peace settlement following the Algerian War ( ) successful? 6. Examine the view that economic problems were the longest lasting results of 20th century wars. Origins and development of authoritarian and single-party states 13. Examine the importance of economic conditions in the rise to power of an authoritarian/single-party leaders. 15. Examine the view that internal opposition to Hitler had little impact. 16. To what extent did the economic policies of either Mao or Castro contribute to the maintenance of his power? 17. To what extent did authoritarian and single-party leaders have a negative effect on the arts? 18. With reference to either Peron or Nasser, to what extent do you agree that his economic policies failed? (Choose one) The Cold War 25. Evaluate the successes and failures of the Marshall Plan.

13 26. Evaluate the influence of Cold War tensions on two military conflicts, each chosen from a different region. 28. Evaluate the reasons why two nations, each chosen from a different region, joined the Non-Aligned Movement. (Consider, instead, focusing on one) 29. Examine the internal and external factors that led to the establishment of the Warsaw Pact. 30. Examine the social and cultural impact of the breakdown of Soviet control in any state you have studied in Central/Eastern Europe. 26. In what ways, and with what success, did the US attempt to prevent the global spread of Soviet influence between 1945 and 1962? 27. Examine the social and economic impact of the Cold War on two states (excluding the US and the USSR) each drawn from a different region. (Choose one) 28. Assess the significance of events in either Korea ( ) or the Congo ( ) on the development of the Cold War. 29. Examine the changing nature of US Chinese relations between 1949 and Evaluate the role of internal problems in the break-up of the Soviet Union. For what reasons, and with what success, did the United States adopt a policy of containment between 1947 and 1962? 27. Account for the change in Sino Soviet relations after the death of Stalin in Assess the contribution of one of the following to the development of Cold War tensions: Truman; Mao; Castro. 29. Analyse the reasons for, and results of, Soviet involvement in the war in Afghanistan ( ). 30. With reference to two states, each chosen from a different region, examine the cultural impact of the Cold War. (Choose one)

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