1. One of the various ways in which parties contribute to democratic governance is by.

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1 11 Political Parties Multiple-Choice Questions 1. One of the various ways in which parties contribute to democratic governance is by. a. dividing the electorate b. narrowing voter choice c. running candidates d. reducing accountability mechanisms e. reducing inter-party competition 2. What are some of the major barriers to third-party political success? a. anti-fusion laws, campaign finance rules, and unpopular policies b. ballot access, campaign finance rules, and voter perception c. constitutional restrictions, voter perceptions, and poor media coverage d. two-party system, constitutional restrictions, and poor media coverage e. unpopular policies, voter perceptions, and campaign finance rules 3. How are third parties usually significant? a. They distract from important policy debates. b. They effectively disprove Duverger s law. c. They intentionally spoil election wins by their ideologically closest major party. d. They push major parties to incorporate new ideas or elucidate current ones. e. They win elections in crucial swing states. 4. What typically precedes a major party realignment? a. a caucus b. censure c. a critical election d. economic crises e. a key nomination

2 5. Party identification is. a. most determined by one s parents and is declining in its utility to predict voter behavior b. most determined by geography and is declining in its utility to predict voter behavior c. most determined by one s parents and is increasing in its utility to predict voter behavior d. most determined by geography and is increasing in its utility to predict voter behavior e. most determined by one s parents and has maintained constant utility in predicting voter behavior 6. The most visible instrument that parties use to formulate, convey, and promote public policy is. a. its articles b. its constitution c. its platform d. its procedural document e. its regulations 7. A collection of policy-oriented researchers and academics who are sources of policy ideas is called a. a. caucus b. convention c. political machine d. political party e. think tank 8. Modern national party conventions serve what ends? a. They assemble delegates who will be assessed for their future political potential based on their writing of a largely inconsequential party platform. b. They mobilize supporters for the nominee, who has basically already been decided. c. They deliberate on the party s choices for presidential and vice-presidential nominees. d. They hold elections to determine the new party leaders. e. They write the party platform, which will be crucial over the next four years. 9. A gradual shift in party coalitions that is based more on demographic shifts than on shocks to the political system is known as a realignment. a. demographic b. district c. party d. piecemeal e. secular

3 10. What has become the most powerful predictor of congressional voting in recent years? a. economic stance b. campaign finances c. hot-button issues d. party labels e. trust 11. Which of the following was a prominent feature of the era called the Golden Age of political parties? b. candidate-centered politics d. political machines 12. Who is included in the party in the electorate? a. party officers who seek to educate the public on key party stances b. party officers who seek to steer the electorate through media spin c. public officials who are registered with one major party d. voters active in the business of the party e. voters who identify with a party label 13. Which of the following was a prominent feature of post-world War II politics? b. candidate-centered politics d. political machines 14. When did the last political realignment occur, according to most political scientists? a b c d e Women voters today are most likely to identify as. a. apathetic b. Democrats c. independents d. Republicans e. Republicans or Democrats

4 16. According to Figure 11.5, how have party unity scores in Congress changed over the last sixty years? a. decreased dramatically over time b. decreased slightly over time c. increased dramatically over time d. increased slightly in the past ten years e. remained at a constant level 17. How are critical elections and party realignments interrelated? a. A party realignment occurs before a critical election, and may involve a national crisis. b. A party realignment occurs during a critical election, and is characterized by gradual change. c. A party realignment occurs after one or more critical elections, and is characterized by gradual change. d. A party realignment occurs before a critical election, and is characterized by gradual change. e. A party realignment occurs after one or more critical elections and may involve a national crisis. 18. The is the formal governing body of both major parties. a. national party assembly b. national party committee c. national party convention d. national party delegation e. national party legislature 19. Which democratic function of political parties was nonexistent until the early twentieth century and has given voters greater input into politics? a. party machines b. party nominations c. policy coordination d. critical elections e. primary elections 20. What serves as the glue that holds together the disparate elements of the U.S. governmental and political apparatus? b. Congress c. the political machine d. the political parties e. the winner-take-all-system

5 21. When a party s base of supporters undergoes a fundamental and enduring alteration, what is this called? a. critical realignment b. dealignment d. party re-identification 22. When can a party change its platform? a. after a federal census b. at the start of each fiscal year c. during the national party convention d. every two years e. virtually anytime 23. Proponents of a government that includes minor parties might suggest that the United States consider Europe s system of. a. delegate elections b. multi-party national conventions c. non-partisan elections d. proportional representation e. tripartite platforms 24. Which of the following voter profiles most strongly suggests that an individual will identify with the Democratic Party? a. Asian, male, Evangelical Christian b. black, female, from the Northeast c. college-educated, male, from the South d. senior citizen, male, annual income over $75,000 e. white, male, Protestant 25. Which of the following voter profiles most strongly suggests that an individual will identify with the Republican Party? a. Hispanic, female, Catholic b. Protestant, male, annual income over $75,000 c. senior citizen, Jewish, from the Midwest d. white, Catholic, from the Northeast e. white, female, Evangelical Christian

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