Abbreviations. GPS: Global Positioning System

Transcription

1 ` 24 February 2008 No. 03 PERIODICAL REPORT ON POPPY ERADICATION VERIFICATION IN AFGHANISTAN Ministry of Counter Narcotics, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Kabul and United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Kabul Abbreviations GPS: Global Positioning System

2 Abbreviations ATV: All Terrain Vehicles PEF: Poppy Eradication Force GLE: Governor-led Eradication Force MCN: Ministry of Counter Narcotics UNODC: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2

3 PERIODICAL REPORT ON POPPY ERADICATION VERIFICATION IN AFGHANISTAN Summary results as of 24 February 2008: UNODC/MCN are responsible to verify both, Governor led eradication and eradication led by Poppy Eradication Force (PEF). Poppy is in cabbage stage in Hilmand, Kandahar, Nangarhar, Nimroz and Farah province. In North and North-east region it is still at emergence stage. Governor-led Eradication activities are reported from Hilmand, Kunar and Farah provinces. MCN/UNODC verified a total of 1020 hectares of Governor led poppy eradication to date. This figure includes 1015 hectares in Hilmand and 4 hectares in Kunar province. Of 1015 ha of eradication in Hilmand, 548 hectares falls within the eradication target zone. Eradication in Farah (Pusht Rod district) could not be verified since verifiers were not informed about eradication activities. Eradication was suspended within few hours after it started. Pusht Rod district does not fall within eradication target zone. PEF is operational in Hilmand province as of 17 February PEF plans to carry out poppy eradication operations in Hilmand, Uruzgan, Badghis and Badakhshan province. 3

4 Introduction The Ministry of Counter Narcotics (MCN) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) have joint responsibility of monitoring and verifying opium poppy eradication activities led by the Governors and Poppy Eradication Force (PEF). While Governor-led activities are envisaged in all poppy cultivating provinces, PEF has planned its operations in Hilmand, Uruzgan, Badghis and Badakhshan provinces. Governor led eradication verification Detailed methodology of Governor-led eradication verification is given in Annex 1. In 2008, UNODC/MCN has improved the field based verification activities by enhancing control mechanism. The areas verified by the eradication verifiers will be randomly checked by the verification inspectors for validation of the reported figures. Regional Verification Coordinators have been appointed to coordinate verification activities and impose quality check on the eradication verification activities. A total of 131 eradication verifiers, 27 verification inspectors and 5 verification coordinators have been trained on eradication verification techniques and deployed in phased manner to provinces where eradication activities are envisaged. The eradication verifiers are part of the eradication teams led by the respective Provincial Governor. Verifiers were made available to the Provincial Governors from December 1, Eradication verification led by PEF Eight eradication verifiers are trained by UNODC/MCN to work with PEF international verifiers. Detailed methodology of PEF-led eradication verification is given in Annex 1. Eradication Target zones The Government's National Drugs Control Strategy calls for targeted eradication in areas where it is assessed that opportunities for alternative livelihoods exist. The assessment is made against a range of socio-economic indicators based on a wide range of data-sets. Governors and PEF have been requested to carry out eradication within target zones demarcated by Planning Cell of MCN supported by the UK Government under the programme Survey, Monitoring, Training and Verification (SMTV). This year, five of the highest cultivating provinces have been given target zones (Farah, Hilmand, Kandahar, Nimroz and Uruzgan). Those provinces which cultivated less than 5000 ha of poppy in 2007 are assessed as having the possibility to achieve zero status, so no target zones have been set for these provinces. UNODC/MCN will report eradication figures within and outside eradication target zones provided by MCN. 4

5 Results: Since January 2008, governor-led eradication activities are reported in Hilmand, Kunar and Farah provinces. Table 1 shows the current status of the eradication activities by province. Table 1: Provincial eradication situation by 24 February 2008 Region Province Eradication Status Eradication Start Date South East Eradication Progress (Dates) Suspended Resumed Current Status Hilmand Started 30 January 08 On going Kandahar Uruzgan Zabul Day Kundi Nangarhar Kunar Started 06 February February 08 Stopped Laghman Nuristan Kapisa Central Kabul Khost Parwan West Farah Started 27 January January 08 Stopped Hirat Badghis Ghor Nimroz North Balkh North-east Faryab Jawzjan Samangan Sari Pul Baghlan Badakhshan Takhar The detailed results of the eradication verification survey (by province) as of 24 Feb 2008 are summarized below (Table 2). District level details of Governor-led eradication figures are given in Annex 2. 5

6 Table 2: Provisional Governor-led eradication figures (by province)* Province Eradication (ha) verified No. of fields eradication reported No. of villages eradication reported Total standing poppy after eradication in the reported villages (ha) Hilmand Kunar Grand Total * Final figures will be reported after quality check by eradication inspectors and using satellite image/aerial data (where ever available) UNODC/MCN verification inspectors already started to re-visit some villages for quality checks for eradication figures. Results will be available in next weekly report. Eradication area within/outside target zones Concept of target zones is already discussed in the introduction section. The area given at Table 3, within or outside target zones, should be considered as the provisional figures. These figures will be amended due to following reasons in subsequent reports: Verifiers are reporting only one GPS points by phone for the each village where eradication was implemented. Some villages are very close to the eradication target zone boundaries. Since eradication target zones don t fallow the village boundaries which is not exist at all in Afghanistan, for some villages it is difficult to judge weather village is in eradication target zone or not (See Annex 4). While some eradicated poppy fields fall into the eradication target zones, some of them may not fall, although they all belong to the same village. Therefore, until UNODC Kabul gets the all GPS points for all the poppy fields eradicated, figures provided in Table3 are provisional and should be read by caution. Table 3 shows the provisional figures of the area within or outside target. Eradication target zones were defined by SMTV/MCN for five highest opium poppy cultivating provinces (Farah, Hilmand, Kandahar, Nimroz and Uruzgan See Annex 5). Of these five provinces, eradication is reported only from Hilmand province. Table 3: Provisional area within/outside target zones* Province Inside eradication target zone Eradication verified (ha) Outside eradication target zone Total eradication verified Hilmand Grand Total

7 Total eradication (ha) February 18 February 24 February Reporting time Figure 1: Total hectares of poppy eradication at the time of release of periodical report (Governor-led) Eastern region (Kunar, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nuristan): Governor led eradication started in Kunar province on 6 February It has been suspended since 14 February 2008 due to the security concerns. A total of 4 hectares of poppy eradication has been verified in 7 villages till date. Farmers have been forced to eradicate their own poppy fields in Nangarhar province since early January Currently self eradication activities are extended to all poppy growing districts. Government authorities have arrested number of poppy farmers. MCN/UNODC does not verify the self eradication. Nangarhar provincial authority is planning to mobilize eradication forces to start eradication in the first week of March Governor-led eradication in Nurgal district of Kunar province 7

8 Southern region (Hilmand, Kandahar, Uruzgan, Zabul, Day Kundi): Governor-led eradication verification In Hilmand province, governor led poppy eradication operations are ongoing since 30th January 2008 in Bolan area (Laskar Gah district). According the field reports around 35 tractors are doing eradication. Total of 1015 hectares of eradicated fields were verified by UNODC/MCN verifiers. Out of 1,015 hectares, 548 hectares fall within the target zone provided by MCN/SMTV and 467 hectares fall outside the target zone. But these figures should be read with caution due to the reasons given at page 6. It is expected that governor led poppy eradication operations will be extended to other districts of Hilmand as well. There are no reports for Governor led eradication from Kandahar, Uruzgan, Zabul Day Kundi to date. Field reports indicate that cold weather caused damage on poppy crop in high altitude areas in Uruzgan province. Governor-led eradication in Laskar Gah district of Hilmand province Self eradication activities In Kandahar province, the self-imposed eradication operation is still going on. Based on the information from provincial authorities a total of 1890 hectares of poppy fields were eradicated in around 55 villages by the farmers from eight districts namely, Arghandab, Dand, Daman, Zerai, Spin Buldak, Arghistan, Panjwai and Takhta Pul. These figures are not verified by MCN/UNODC. UNODC/MCN verifiers have visited some of these villages and reported that provincial authorities have distributed wheat seeds to the farmers as an assistance package. 8

9 Farmers in Kandahar are forced to eradicate their own poppy lands Eradication activities led by Poppy Eradication Force (PEF) PEF is operational in Hilmand province as of 17 February PEF plans to carry out poppy eradication operations in Hilmand, Uruzgan, Badghis and Badakhshan province. Reports of PEF eradication are awaited from Hilmand. Western region (Farah, Ghor, Hirat, Badghis Nimroz): Governor-led eradication was carried out in the Pusht Rod district of Farah province on 27 January Eradication was stopped by Governor since area was out of target zone. UNODC/MCN did not verify the eradication since the eradication was carried out in the absence of UNODC/MCN verifiers. No eradication reported in other provinces till date. Northern region (Baghlan, Balkh, Faryab, Jawzjan, Samangan, Sari Pul): No eradication reported till date. North-eastern region (Badakhshan, Takhar): No eradication started till date. Central region (Kapisa, Kabul, Khost): No eradication started till date. 9

10 Annex 1 Methodology: Governor-led eradication verification MCN-UNODC Survey Coordinators Coordination and Quality Control Eradication Verifiers Embedded Governor Led Eradication Team Daily Report Survey Forms Daily Telephone Contact Second data Quality Check Verification Reporters, Kabul Database Periodical Reports 1. Eradication verifiers are part of the governor-led eradication teams. 2. The verifiers take measurements of each eradicated field, collect its GPS coordinates and take photographs. 3. The verifiers draw sketch maps of each field as a reference for area calculations done at a later stage in the Kabul office. 4. The verification reporting officers in Kabul obtain the provisional data from the verifiers through telephone (mobile/satellite phones) and update the database on a daily base. 5. The verifiers fill in hardcopy survey forms and submit them to the UNODC regional offices. The forms are then sent to the Kabul office for data entry. Quality control is undertaken by MCN/UNODC survey coordinators and regional verification coordinators at the regional level. Eradicated fields will be revisited randomly by verification inspectors to check accuracy of the reports. 6. MCN/UNODC publishes periodical reports to inform stakeholders on eradication activities. The eradication figures provided in these reports are provisional. 7. The updated area figure for each province is reported in the periodical reports. 8. Further validation of the results is done using data obtained through helicopter flights, as well as from satellite imagery to calculate the final area of eradicated poppy fields wherever possible. 10

11 9. Pressure of any kind on verifiers to influence their reporting may lead to the suspension or cancellation of the verification survey in that region. 10. The verification survey does not cover self-eradication. Verification of eradication led by Poppy Eradication Force (PEF) 1. UNODC/MCN appointed 8 verifiers. They work together with PEF International verifiers who will verify eradication using GPS. 2. PEF international verifiers use All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) along eradicated field boundaries and digitize the shape of eradicated poppy field. Verifiers take photograph before and after eradication. 3. UNODC/MCN verifiers accompany PEF International Verifiers to observe the eradication and verification done by PEF verifiers. They also carry out field measurements by manual technique as used in Governor-led eradication verification. 4. UNODC/MCN verifier will train few police personnel to carry out field measurements using manual method. This will be useful in case there is need of additional verifiers or GPS goes out of order. 5. The report prepared by PEF International Verifiers will be integrated with the observations by UNODC/MCN verifiers and sent to MCN/UNODC, Kabul 6. Further validation of the results will be done using data obtained through helicopter flights, as well as from satellite imagery to calculate the final area of eradicated poppy fields. 11

12 Annex 2: Provisional eradication figures verified (by district)* Province District Eradication (ha) verified No. of fields eradication reported No. of villages eradication reported Total standing poppy after eradication in the reported villages (ha) Hilmand Lashkar Gah Kunar Nurgal Grand Total * Final figures will be reported after quality check by eradication inspectors and using satellite image/aerial data (where ever available) 12

13 Annex 3: Afghanistan: Verified locations of eradicated poppy fields, E 70 E IRAN Nimroz Kandahar UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Kuf Ab Khwahan Yawan Yangi Qala Shighnan Darqad Chah Ab Ragh Argo Khamyab Shortepa Khwaja Bahawuddin Shahri Buzurg Qarqin Dashti Qala Badakhshan Khani Chahar Bagh Mingajik Kaldar Imam Sahib TURKMENISTAN Dawlatabad Khwaja Ghar Rustaq Shiki Fayzabad Shuhada Wakhan Andkhoy Khwaja Du Koh Mardyan Qala-I-Zal Archi Baharak Qurghan Balkh Nahri Shahi Kalafgan Darayim Qaramqol Jawzjan Khulm Kunduz Kishim Fayzabad Kunduz Jurm Ishkashim Balkh Takhar Tishkan Aqcha Dihdadi Chahar Dara Warduj Marmul Bangi Dawlatabad Shibirghan Arghanj Khwa Yamgan (Girwan) Chimtal Khash Shirin Tagab Chahar Kint Hazrati Sultan Aliabad Chal Farkhar Sari Pul Sholgara Baghlani Jadid Ishkamish Zebak Faryab Darzab Aybak Burka Sayyad Sozma Qala Dara-I- Sufi Payin Guzargahi Nur Warsaj Almar Khwaja Sabz Maymana Gosfandi Kishindih Puli Khumri Nahrin Samangan Khost Wa Firing Kuran Wa Munjan Gurziwan Sangcharak Khuram Wa Sarbagh Zari Ghormach Pashtun Kot Bilchiragh Dara-I- Sufi Bala Dahana-I-Ghori Puli Hisar Qaysar Sari Pul Baghlan Paryan Bargi Matal Ruyi Du Ab Andarab Murghab Balkhab Dushi Mandol Kohistanat Khinjan Panjsher Du Ab Wama Kamdesh Kohistan Muqur Kahmard Tala Wa Barfak Salang Unaba Dara Nuristan Nari Gulran Sayghan Waygal Badghis Nijrab Bar Kunar Kushk Ab Kamari Jawand Yakawlang Shibar Parwan Nuristan Pech Asadabad 35 N Qadis Kapisa Dangam 35 N Qala-I-Naw Chaghcharan Shekh Ali Ghorband Kunar Bamyan Kushki Kuhna Surkhi Parsa Kohi SafiTagab Bamyan Laghman Sirkanay Kohsan Dawlat Yar Lal Wa Sarjangal Kuz Kunar Injil Karukh Hisa-I- Awal BihsudJalrez Panjab Kabul Surobi Qarghayi Zinda Jan Obe Chishti Sharif Markazi Bihsud Kama Goshta Khas Kunar Legend Hirat Nirkh Paghman Khogyani Kot Wardak INDIA Pashtun Zarghun Hirat Shahrak Du Layna Sangi Takht Waras Khaki Jabbar Hisarak Sherzad Rodat Lal Pur Verified eradication location (GLE) Ghoryan Tulak Day Mirdad Azra Ishtarlay Chak Guzara Ghor Logar Nangarhar Dur Baba Jaji International boundaries Farsi Saydabad Khadir Puli Alam Dih Bala Achin Charsada Adraskan Daykundi Miramor Nawur Jaghatu Charkh Pasaband NiliShahristan Kharwar Paktya Sabari Jaji Maydan Rashidan Saghar Taywara Ajristan Zurmat Gardez Bak Waghaz Dih Yak Kajran Kiti Gizab Malistan Jadran Ghazni Andar Khost Tere Zayi GLE- Governor led eradication Shindand Sharan Ziruk Pur Chaman Tani Jaghuri Qarabagh Spera Gurbuz Sar Hawza Anar Dara Baghran Shahidi Hassas Chora Khas Uruzgan Giro Muqur UrgunGayan Kakar (Khak-e Afghan) Ab Band Omna Bala Buluk Uruzgan Sarobi Daychopan Gelan Khaki Safed Zarghun Shahr Barmal Gulistan Dihrawud Tirin Kot Musa Qala Arghandab Dila Pusht Rod Naw Zad Kajaki Nesh Shahjoy Paktika Qala-I-Kah Farah Bakwa Miya Nishin Nawa Gomal Zabul Shib Koh Farah Mizan Waza Khwa Washer Sangin Ghorak Shah Wali Kot Qalat Naw Bahar PAKISTAN Khakrez Tarnak Wa Jaldak Shinkay Shamulzayi Turwo Wor Mamay Nahri Sarraj Lash Wa Juwayn Arghandab Khash Rod Atghar Daman Nad Ali Maywand Lashkar Gah Zhari Arghistan Maruf Kang Nawa-i-Barakzayi Kandahar (Dand) Chakhansur Hilmand Spin Boldak Zaranj Dishu (Registan) Reg (Khan Nishin) Panjwayi Darwaz Darwazi Bala Provincial boundaries Eradication target zone (MCN-SMTV) Garmser (Hazarjuft) Chahar Burja Reg Shorabak Km 30 N Geographic projection, Datum WGS N 65 E 70 E Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2008 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

14 Annex 4: Afghanistan: Verified locations of eradicated poppy fields in Hilmand province, 2008 Washer Nahri Sarraj Hilmand Nad Ali Lashkar Gah Nawa-i-Barakzayi Km Geographic projection, Datum WGS 84 Reg (Khan Nishin) Garmser (Hazarjuft) Legend Verified eradication location (GLE) International boundaries Provincial boundaries Eradication target zone (MCN-SMTV) GLE- Governor led eradication Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2008 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

15 Annex 5: Afghanistan: Verified locations of eradicated poppy fields in Target provinces, 2008 Saghar Taywara Pasaband 65 E Kajran Kiti Gizab Ajristan Shindand Pur Chaman Malistan Anar Dara Khaki Safed Bala Buluk Gulistan Baghran Shahidi Hassas Chora Uruzgan Tirin Kot Dihrawud Khas Uruzgan Daychopan Shib Koh Qala-I-Kah Pusht Rod Farah Farah Bakwa Washer Naw Zad Musa Qala Sangin Kajaki Ghorak Khakrez Nesh Miya Nishin Shah Wali Kot Mizan Arghandab Zabu Qalat Lash Wa Juwayn Khash Rod Nahri Sarraj Arghandab Tarnak Wa Jaldak Shinkay Nad Ali Nawa-i-Barakzayi Lashkar Gah Maywand Zhari Kandahar (Dand) Arghistan Maruf Km Geographic projection, Datum WGS 84 Kang Zaranj Chakhansur Nimroz Hilmand Reg (Khan Nishin) Panjwayi Daman Kandahar Spin Boldak Garmser (Hazarjuft) Chahar Burja 30 N 30 N Dishu (Registan) Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2008 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. 65 E Reg Legend Shorabak Verified eradication location (GLE) International boundaries Provincial boundaries Eradication target zone (MCN-SMTV) GLE- Governor led eradication