PERIODICAL REPORT O N POPPY ERADICATION

Transcription

1 ` 12 July 2010 No. 19 PERIODICAL REPORT ON POPPY ERADICATION VERIFICATION IN AFGHANISTAN Ministry of Counter Narcotics, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Kabul And United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Kabul Abbreviations 1

2 Abbreviations GPS: Global Positioning System GLE: Governor-led Eradication Force MCN: Ministry of Counter Narcotics UNODC: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime AGE: Anti Government Elements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following organizations and individuals contributed to the implementation of the 2010 Opium Poppy Eradication Verification and to the preparation of this report: Ministry of Counter-Narcotics: Mohammad Zafar (Deputy Minister), Mohammad Ibrahim Azhar (Deputy Minister) Mir Abdullah (Director of Survey and Monitoring Directorate), Saraj Ahmad (Deputy Director of Survey and Monitoring Directorate), Khiali Jan Mangal (Eradication Verification Reporter) Survey Coordinators: Said Esaq Masomi (Central Region), Abdul Mateen (Eastern Region), Abdul Latif Ehsan (Western Region), Fida Mohammad (Northern Region), Mohammed Ishaq Anderabi (North-Eastern Region), Mohammad Khyber Wardak (Database supervisor), Mohammad Sadiq Rizaee (Remote Sensing), Shiraz Khan Hadawe (GIS & Remote Sensing Analyst) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Kabul) Jean-Luc Lemahieu (Country Representative), Devashish Dhar (International Project Coordinator), Ziauddin Zaki (National Project Coordinator), Abdul Mannan Ahmadzai (Survey Officer), Noor Mohammad Sadiq (Database Developer), Remote sensing analysts: Ahmad Jawid Ghiasee and Sayed Sadat Mehdi, Eradication reporters: Ramin Sobhi and Zia Ulhaq. Survey Coordinators: Abdul Basir Basiret (Eastern Region), Abdul Jalil (Northern Region), Abdul Qadir Palwal (Southern Region), Fawad Alahi (Western Region), Mohammad Rafi (North-Eastern Region), Rahimullah Omar (Central Region), Sayed Ahmad (Southern Region), Abdul Rahim Marikh (Eastern Region), Fardin Osmani (Northern Region) Provincial Coordinators: Fazal Mohammad Fazli (Southern Region), Mohammad Alam Ghalib (Eastern Region), Altaf Hussain Joya (Western Region), Vacant (North-Eastern Region) and Lutfurhaman Lutfi (Northern Region) 2

3 GROWTH STAGES OF POPPY Emergence stage Cabbage stage Stem-elongation stage Flowering stage Capsule stage Lancing stage 3

4 PERIODICAL REPORT ON POPPY ERADICATION VERIFICATION IN AFGHANISTAN Summary results as of 12 July 2010: MCN/UNODC are responsible to verify Governor-led eradication. Poppy is at capsule and lancing stage in Badakhshan province. In Kapisa Kabul, Kunar, Nangarhar, Laghman, Baghlan, Faryab, Takhar, Day Kundi, Hilmand, Kandahar, Uruzgan, Zabul, Badghis, Farah, Hirat and Nimroz provinces poppy is at harvesting stage. Governor-led Eradication activity is reported from Badakhshan, Farah, Hilmand, Hirat, Kabul, Kapisa, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimorz, Takhar and Uruzgan provinces. A total of 2382 hectares of poppy eradication have been verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers till 12 July. Last year at the same time, GLE had concluded in all provinces and a total of 2687 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers and finalized by satellite. Eradicated fields verified by the field surveyor will be checked by satellite images wherever available. Therefore, figures in this report should be considered as provisional. Farmers resisted in different ways against poppy eradication. In Hilmand province, the eradication teams have been attacked 8 times since eradication operations started. In Nangarhar also, the eradication team were attacked in Khogyani district. In these attacks, a total of 24 police and 4 farmer were killed, 24 police, 7 farmers and 5 tractor drivers were injured. In Hilmand, Farah, Uruzgan and Hirat provinces, farmers also resisted against poppy eradication by watering their poppy fields. Detail of security incidents are mentioned in annexure 5. The map showing resistance to eradication in different ways is depicted in annexure 6. 4

5 Introduction The Ministry of Counter Narcotics (MCN) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) have joint responsibility of monitoring and verifying opium poppy eradication activities led by the Governors. Governor-led eradication activities are envisaged in all poppy cultivating provinces. Governor led eradication verification Detailed methodology of Governor-led eradication verification is given in Annex 1. The areas verified by the eradication verifiers will be checked by satellite images. Currently a total of 71 eradication verifiers have been trained on eradication verification techniques and deployed to the field based on eradication plan received from Governors. Out 71 verifiers, 24 verifiers were deployed in Hilmand province, 7 verifiers to Kandahar, 4 verifiers to Uruzgan, 4 verifiers to Zabul, 1 verifier to Day Kundi, 1 verifier to Nimroz, 2 verifiers to Hirat, 4 verifiers to Farah, 6 to Nangarhar, 2 to Kunar, 2 to Laghman, 4 to Badakhshan and 2 to Faryab provinces. 6 Verifiers will be deployed to the fields for verification in case they are needed in the provinces of North and North-east regions. The eradication verifiers are part of the eradication teams led by the respective provincial Governors. Verifiers were made available to the Provincial Governors before the eradication activities started. 5

6 Results: Since February 2010, governor-led eradication activities are reported in Badakhshan, Farah, Hilmand, Hirat, Kabul, Kapisa Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimroz, Takhar and Uruzgan provinces. Table 1 shows the current status of the eradication activities by province. Table 1: Provincial eradication situation by 12 July 2010 Region Province Eradication Eradication Progress Dates Start Date Suspended Resumed Stopped Current Status Central Kabul 05-May 06-May Concluded Kapisa 05-May 05-May 13-Jun 20-Jun Concluded East Kunar Laghman 11-Apr 03-May 02-May Concluded Nangarhar 16-Apr 06-May 05-May Concluded North Baghlan Faryab Samangan Sari Pul North-east Badakhshan 15-Apr 08-Jul Stopped Takhar 05-Jun 10-Jun Concluded Day Kundi Hilmand 15-Feb 16-Apr Concluded South Kandahar Uruzgan 18-Apr 04-May Concluded Zabul Badghis Farah 21-Feb 05-Apr Concluded West Ghor Hirat 16-Mar 09-Apr 05-May 06-May Concluded Nimroz 24-Mar 25-Mar Concluded The detail results of the eradication verification survey (by province) as of 12 July 2010 are summarized below (Table 2). District level details of Governor-led eradication figures are given in Annex 2. Table 2: Provisional eradication figures (by province) ** Province Eradication (ha) verified No. of fields eradication reported No. of villages eradication reported Badakhshan 368 1, Farah 198* Hilmand 1,602* 3, Hirat 159* Kabul Kapisa Laghman Nangarhar Nimroz Takhar Uruzgan Grand Total 2,382 6, * Final figure after verification with satellite images ** Final figures will be reported after quality check using satellite image/aerial data (wherever available) 6

7 Eastern region (Kunar, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nuristan, Kapisa): Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Laghman province. A total of 10 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Alingar, Alishing and Mehterlam (Provincial Center) districts. Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Nangarhar province. A total of hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers. Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Kapisa province. A total of 1 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Hissa-I-Awal Kohistan, Hissa-I-Duwumi Kohistan, Koh band and Mahmood Raqi districts of Kapisa province. There are no reports of Governor-led eradication from Kunar and Nuristan provinces till date. Southern region (Hilmand, Kandahar, Uruzgan, Zabul, Day Kundi): Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Hilmand province. A total of 1602 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Garm Ser, Lashkargah, Nad-Ali, Naher-i-Saraj and Nawa-i- Barukzai districts. Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Uruzgan province. A total of 15 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UONDC verifiers in Tirin Kot (Provincial Center) district of Uruzgan province. There are no reports of Governor-led eradication from Kandahar, Zabul and Day- Kundi provinces till date. Western region (Farah, Ghor, Hirat, Badghis Nimroz): Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Farah province. A total of 198 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Bala Buluk, Pushtrud and Farah (Provincial center) districts. Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Hirat province. A total of 159 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Shindand and Kushk Rebat Sangi districts. Eradication operations concluded in Hirat province. Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Nimroz province. A total of 0.43 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Khashrod district. Eradication activities concluded in Nimroz province. Northern region (Baghlan, Faryab, Samangan, Sari Pul): No eradication reported till date. North-eastern region (Badakhshan): Governor-led eradication activities suspended in Badakhshan province as of 8 July. A total of 368 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Argo, Darayim, Kishim and Tashkan districts of Badakhshan province and the current status is suspended. Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Takhar province. A total of 12 hectare of poppy eradication was verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Rustaq and Kalafgan districts. 7

8 Governor-led eradication in Argo district of Badakhshan province Growth stage of wheat in Argo district of Badakhshan province Central region (Kabul): Governor-led eradication activities concluded in Surobi district of Kabul province. A total of 0.48 hectares of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in Surobi district. Comparing eradication in 2010 with 2009 At the same time last year (2009), Governor-led eradication was reported and finalized by satellite from the following provinces: Badakhshan (401 ha), Day Kundi (27 ha), Farah (43 ha), Faryab (261 ha), Hilmand (1475 ha), Hirat (67 ha), Kabul (1 ha), Kandahar (69 ha), Kapisa (31 ha), Kunar (11 ha), Nangarhar (226 ha) and Uruzgan (74 ha). Quality control of field reports by using satellite images UNODC has procured satellite images to verify eradication by GLE in Hilmand, Hirat and Farah provinces. The satellite images have been interpreted for eradicated fields and compared with the figures available from the ground. Generally a good match is observed between the eradicated areas calculated from satellite image with that measured on the ground by verifiers. However, there was very minor difference observed between the satellite images and ground measurements of eradication in Hilmand province. In Hilmand province the quality of eradication has been very good. Most of the eradicated fields were eradicated 100 %. Also this year most of the eradication was carried out in intense cultivated areas compared to last year. The snap shots of satellite images with verified field areas are shown below. 8

9 Comparison of GLE 2010 with 2009 Nad Ali district, Hilmand province Green points: GLE 2010 Yellow points: GLE 2009 GLE in 2010 in more intense cultivated areas compared to GLE 2009 Village name: Haji Obaidullah, Nad Ali district, Hilmand province Date of eradication: 22 Mar 2010 The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, measured by verifiers on ground (white text) The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, from satellite image interpretation (yellow text) Good match between satellite image and ground verification أ 9

10 أ Village name: Kawdan, Shindand district, Hirat province Date of eradication: 07 April 2010 The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, measured by verifiers on ground (white text) The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, from satellite image interpretation (yellow text) Good match between satellite image and ground verification 10

11 Annex 1 Methodology: Governor-led eradication verification MCN-UNODC Survey Coordinators Coordination and Quality Control Eradication Verifiers Embedded Governor Led Eradication Team Daily Report Survey Forms Daily Telephone Contact Second data Quality Check Verification Reporters, Kabul Database Periodical Reports 1. Eradication verifiers are part of the governor-led eradication teams. 2. The verifiers take measurements of each eradicated field, collect its GPS coordinates and take photographs. 3. The verifiers draw sketch maps of each field as a reference for area calculations done at a later stage in the Kabul office. 4. The verification reporting officers in Kabul obtain the provisional data from the verifiers through telephone (mobile/satellite phones) and update the database on a daily basis. 5. The verifiers fill in hardcopy survey forms and submit them to the UNODC regional offices. The forms are then sent to the Kabul office for data entry. Quality control is undertaken by MCN/UNODC survey inspectors and regional survey coordinators at the regional level. 6. MCN/UNODC publishes periodical reports to inform stakeholders on eradication activities. The eradication figures provided in these reports are provisional. 7. The updated eradicated area figure for each province is reported in the periodical reports. 8. Further validation of the results is done using data obtained through helicopter flights, as well as from satellite imagery to calculate the final area of eradicated poppy fields wherever possible. 9. Pressure of any kind on verifiers to influence their reporting may lead to the suspension or cancellation of the verification survey in that region. 10. The verification survey does not cover self-eradication. 11

12 Annex 2: Provisional eradication figures verified (by district) Province District Eradication (ha) verified No. of fields eradication reported No. of villages eradication reported Argo Darayim Badakhshan Kishim Tashkan Sub total Bala Buluk 88* Farah Farah (Provincial Center ) 61* Pushtrud 49* Sub total 198* Hilmand Garm Ser 177* Lashkargah (Provincial Center) 103* Nad Ali 964* 1, Naher-I- Saraj 41* 65 1 Nawa-I- Barukzai 316* Sub total 1602* 3, Hirat Kushk (Rubat-I- Sangi) 6* 22 3 Shindand 153* Sub total 159* Kabul Surubi Sub total Hissa-I-Awal Kohistan Kapisa Hissa-I-Duwumi Kohistan Koh Band Mahmood Raqi (Provincial Center) Sub total Alingar Laghman Alishing Mehterlam (Provincial Center) Sub total Nangarhar Achin Khogyani Sub total Nimroz Khashrod Sub total Takhar Kalafgan Rustaq Sub total Uruzgan Tirinkot (Provincial Center) Sub total Grand Total * Final figure after verification with satellite images 12

13 Annex 3: Afghanistan: Locations of Governor-led eradication of poppy fields, E 65 E 70 E 75 E IRAN Farah TURKMENISTAN Nimroz Hilmand Kandahar Jawzjan UZBEKISTAN Zabul Balkh PAKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Faryab Warsaj Samangan Kiran wa Munjan Sari Pul Baghlan Panjsher Gulran Koh Band Dowlat ShahNuristan Badghis Nijrab Kushk (Rabat-i-Sangi) Parwan Alisheng 35 N Kapisa Alingar 35 N Kusk-i-Kohnah Qara Bagh Kunar Tagab Bamyan Shakar Dara DehSabz Laghman Kohsan Kuzkunar Karrukh Paghman Bagrami Kabul Enjil Surubi Qarghayee Kama Goshta Legend Behsud Zendah Jan Hirat Obe Chiisht-i-Sharif Kabul Musahi Surkh Rud Wardak Khak-i-Jabar Hesarak Lalpoor Khugyani Rodat INDIA Ghoryan Hirat Pashtun Zarghun Sherzad Kot Mohmand Dara Verified eradication location (GLE) Dur Baba Niizam-i-Shahid (Guzarah) Ghor Logar Nangarhar Deh Bala Achin Fersi International boundary Daykundi Adraskan Paktya Provincial boundary Ghazni Khost District boundary Anar Darah Qala-i-Kah Shib Koh Lash-i-Juwayn Shindand Khak-i-Safed Bala Buluk PushtRod Farah (Provincial Center) Bakwah Kang Zaranj (Provincial Center) Khash Rod Asl-i-Chakhansur Delaram Pur Chaman Gulistan Washer Nad Ali Lashkargah (Provincial Center) Garm Ser Baghran Shahidi Hasas Uruzgan Chorah Khas Uruzgan Dihrawud Tirin Kot (Provincial Center) Musa Qala Nowzad Kajaki Naher-i-Saraj Nawa-i-Barukzai Sangin Qala Raghistan Shighnan Yawan Darqad Chahab Kohistan Yangi Qala Shahri Buzurg Yaftal-i-Sufla Arghanj Khwah DashtiQala Rustaq Argo Shuhada Khash Khwaja Ghar Baharak Kalafgan Kunduz Badakhshan Eshkashim Kishim Tashkan Jurm Wardooj Taloqan (Provincial Center) Takhar Bangi Chal Farkhar Tagab Yamgan Zaybak Eshkamish Namak Ab Paktika Shiki Darwaz-i Payin (mamay) Darwaz-i- Bala (nesay) Kuf Ab Khwahan Wakhan Eradication Target Areas Chahar Burjak Reg-i-Khan Nishin N Km 30 N Dishu GCS_WGS_84 60 E 65 E 70 E 75 E Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2010 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

14 Annex 4: Afghanistan: Locations of Governor-led eradication of poppy fields, E 65 E Kohsan Ghoryan Gulran Hirat Karrukh Obe Pashtun Zarghun Niizam-i-Shahid (Guzarah) Fersi Adraskan Badghis Samangan Sari Pul Baghlan Panjsher Parwan Kapisa Bamyan Kabul Wardak Ghor Logar Daykundi Paktya 35 N Kushk (Rabat-i-Sangi) 35 N Kusk-i-Kohnah Enjil Zendah Jan Hirat Chiisht-i-Sharif Shindand Pur Chaman Ghazni Anar Darah Qala-i-Kah Shib Koh Khak-i-Safed Bala Buluk PushtRod Farah (Provincial Center) Farah Bakw ah Delaram Gulistan Washer Nowzad Baghran Musa Qala Kajaki Sangin Qala Uruzgan Zabul Paktika Lash-i-Juwayn Khash Rod Nad Ali Naher-i-Saraj Lashkargah (Provincial Center) IRAN Kang Asl-i-Chakhansur Zaranj (Provincial Center) Nimroz Garm Ser Hilmand Nawa-i-Barukzai Kandahar Km GCS_WGS_84 Chahar Burjak Dishu Reg-i-Khan Nishin Legend Verified eradication location (GLE) 30 N International boundary 30 N Provincial boundary District boundary 60 E 65 E Eradication Target Areas Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2010 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

15 Annex 5: Resistance by farmers and security incidents 20 Feb 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Baghranyan village of Nahri Saraj district of Hilmand province where 6 police were killed and 4 were injured. 21 Feb 2010: One of the tractors of Governor-led eradication team was hit by land mine in Tangan village of Lashkargah district of Hilmand province, Tractor was damaged and driver was injured. 23 Feb and 2 Mar 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Nawa and Lashkargah districts, fortunately there was no casualty. 06 March 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Lashkargah district, two tractors were damaged and the drivers of tractors were injured. In Hilmand, Farah and Hirat provinces, farmers also showed their resistance against poppy eradication by watering their poppy fields. 10 March 2010: A mine exploded during eradication on the poppy field in Loy Bagh (Naserano Kalay) village of Nad Ali district which injured a tractor driver. 10 March 2010: Four mines planted on poppy fields in Naserano Kalay of Nadi Ali district, were discovered during eradication operations. 16 March 2010: A mine exploded during eradication on the poppy field in Group-6 village of Nad Ali district of Hilmand province which injured two police. 30 March During a demonstration against eradication operations, one tractor driver was injured in Shindand district of Hirat province. 15 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Nad Ali district of Hilmand province, fortunately there was no casualty. 21 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Alingar district of Laghman province, fortunately there was no casualty. 25 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Khogyani district of Nangarhar province in Kachara village. Fortunately there was no casualty. 25 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Khogyani district of Nangarhar province in Nokor village, where 8 police and 1 farmer were killed and 12 police and 6 farmers were injured. In Uruzgan province, farmers also showed their resistance against poppy eradication by watering their poppy fields. 30 May 2010: In Badakhshan province, a police vehicle was exploded by a road mine on the way to Kingani village of Darayim district while going for eradication operations. In the incident 9 police were killed and 1 was injured. 22 June 2010: In Tirgani village of darayim district in Badakhshan province, there was a demonstration from the villagers but fortunately there was no casualty. 27 June 2010: GLE team was attacked by AGE in Yamchian village of Darayim district of Badakhshan province. In the attack, 2 police were injured and 3 villagers dead. 29 June 2010: A demonstration in Turgani-e Ulya village of Darayim district of Badakhshan province, unfortunately 1 farmer died and 1 farmer and 3 police were injured. 13

16 Annex 6: Afghanistan: Farmers resistance/security incidents during Governor-led eradication operations, E 65 E 70 E 75 E 60 E IRAN Anar Darah Gulran Adraskan Farah Chahar Burjak TURKMENISTAN Kohsan Karrukh Enjil Zendah Jan Obe Ghoryan Hirat Pashtun Zarghun Niizam-i-Shahid (Guzarah) Qala-i-Kah Shib Koh Lash-i-Juwayn Kushk (Rabat-i-Sangi) Kusk-i-Kohnah Shindand Khak-i-Safed Bala Buluk PushtRod Kang Zaranj (Provincial Center) Farah (Provincial Center) Bakwah Khash Rod Asl-i-Chakhansur Nimroz Badghis Fersi Delaram Chiisht-i-Sharif Pur Chaman Gulistan Washer Hilmand Garm Ser Ghor Faryab Nad Ali Lashkargah (Provincial Center) Baghran Shahidi Hasas Kandahar Jawzjan UZBEKISTAN Balkh Zabul PAKISTAN Badakhshan Warsaj Samangan Kiran wa Munjan Baghlan Sari Pul Panjsher Nuristan Nijrab Parwan Dowlat Shah Kapisa Alingar Qara Bagh Kunar Shakar Dara DehSabz Tagab Bamyan Laghman Alisheng Kuzkunar Paghman Kabul Bagrami Surubi Qarghayee Kama Kabul Musahi Surkh Rud Behsud Goshta Wardak Khak-i-Jabar Hesarak Khugyani Rodat Lalpoor Sherzad Logar Nangarhar Pachir wagam Deh Bala Achin Nazyan Daykundi Paktya Ghazni Khost Uruzgan Khas Uruzgan Chorah Tirin Kot (Provincial Center) Dihrawud Musa Qala Nowzad Kajaki Naher-i-Saraj Nawa-i-Barukzai Sangin Qala 65 E Raghistan Yawan Shighnan Darqad Chahab Kohistan Yangi Qala Shahri Buzurg Arghanj Khwah DashtiQala Yaftal-i-Sufla Shuhada Rustaq Argo Baharak Khwaja Ghar Kalafgan Khash Kunduz Darayim Eshkashim Taloqan (Provincial Center) Kishim Takhar Tashkan Jurm Wardooj Bangi Chal Farkhar Tagab Yamgan Zaybak Eshkamish Namak Ab Paktika 70 E Shiki Darwaz-i Payin (mamay) Darwaz-i- Bala (nesay) Khwahan Kuf Ab Mohmand Dara TAJIKISTAN 35 N 35 N Km GCS_WGS_84 Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2010 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Province Number of resistance Legend Number of personnel injured Attack Wakhan Mine explosion/attack Attack/ Watering fields Watering fieldsindia No resistance International boundary Provincial boundary District boundary Number of personnel dead Eradication (Ha) Badakhshan Farah Hilmand Hirat Kabul Kapisa Laghman Reg-i-Khan Nishin Nangarhar N Dishu Nimroz N Takhar Uruzgan Total: E