BASELINE MOBILITY ASSESSMENT

Transcription

1 BASELINE MOBILITY ASSESSMENT SUMMARY RESULTS NOVEMBER DECEMBER 217 Informal IDP settlement in Robat village, Chemtal district, Balkh. IOM 217 ABOUT DTM The Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) is a system that tracks and monitors displacement and population mobility. It is designed to regularly and systematically capture, process and disseminate information to provide a better understanding of the movements and evolving needs of displaced populations, whether on site or en route. For more information about DTM in Afghanistan, please visit In Afghanistan, DTM employs the Baseline Mobility Assessment tool, designed to track mobility, determine the population sizes and locations of forcibly displaced people, reasons for displacement, places of origin, displacement locations and times of displacement, including basic demographics, as well as vulnerabilities and priority needs. Data is collected at the settlement level, through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and direct observations. DTM enables IOM and its partners to deliver evidencebased, better targeted, mobility-sensitive and sustainable humanitarian assistance, reintegration, community stabilization and development programming. 5 TARGET POPULATIONS Through the Baseline Mobility Assessments, DTM tracks the locations, population sizes, and cross-sectoral needs of five core target population categories: 1. Returnees from Abroad 2. Out-Migrants Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), subdivided into the following three categories: 3. Arrival IDPs 4. Returnee IDPs 5. Fled IDPs Data on population sizes for the 5 target population categories is collected by time of displacement, using each of the following time frames: HIGHLIGHTS 15 provinces assessed 188 districts assessed 6,51 settlements assessed in Baghlan, Balkh, Farah, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Kunar, Kunduz, Laghman, Logar, Nangarhar, Nimroz, Paktya and Takhar 35,32 key informants interviewed 1,821,11 abroad [ ] 1,728,157 IDPs [ ] 772,19 out-migrants fled abroad [ ] 11,534 out-migrants fled to Europe (14% of out-migrants) 11,66 returnees and IDPs live in tents or in the open air (3% of total returnees and IDPs) 1 in 2 persons from Kunduz has been an IDP and returned home 1 in 3 persons from Farah has fled their home as an IDP 1 in 3 persons from Nangarhar and Nimroz is either an IDP or Returnee 1 in 4 persons from Kunar and Logar is either an IDP or Returnee For more information, please contact: iomkabuldtmallusers@iom.int

2 2 AFGHANISTAN NOVEMBER DECEMBER 217 KEY INFORMANTS DTM s field enumerators, District Focal Points (DFPs), collect data at the settlement level, predominantly through focus group discussions with key informants. The average size of focus groups is five key informants per group. In the rare case that DTM s District Focal Points cannot physically reach a community, due to insecurity, conflict, or risk of retaliation by anti-government elements, DFPs meet the focus groups at a safe place outside their communities or conduct the assessments by phone. Significant highlights regarding the overall composition of Key Informant Focus Groups include the following: 35,32 key informants (KIs) interviewed 2,195 female key informants (6%) 33,125 male key informants (94%) 5.4 average number of KIs per focus group Key Informants by Type 62 DTM field enumerators 4,947 returnee and IDP key informants (14%) 1,128 KIs from host communities (29%) 11,434 KIs from local authorities (32%) RETURNEES Returnees are Afghan nationals who have returned to Afghanistan in the assessed location after having spent at least six months abroad. This group includes both documented returnees (Afghans who were registered refugees in host countries and then requested voluntary return with UNHCR and relevant national authorities) and undocumented returnees (Afghans who did not request voluntary return with UNHCR, but rather returned spontaneously from host countries, irrespective of whether or not they were registered refugees with UNHCR and relevant national authorities). The number of abroad increased by 24% in 216 alone, compared to the period between 212 and 215, followed by a notable 52% decrease in returns in 217. Over all three time frames, Nangarhar has received the most returnees (499,194), nearly twice as many as Kabul (256,145). 1,821,11 abroad 938,478 undocumented Pakistan + Iran 815,531 documented Pakistan + Iran 1,355,488 returned from Pakistan (74%) 398,521 returned from Iran (22%) 67,2 non-neighbouring countries (4%) 3% 6% 2% 8% 9% 29% Community/Tribal Representative Community Development Council (CDC) Representative Displaced Groups Representative Education Representative Health Sector Representative 6, 5, 4, 3, Returnees from Abroad by Province Annual Trends 499, ,145 14% 29% Humanitarian/Social Organization Other District Authority Representative Other 2, 1, 19,845 17,29 15,52 1,622 99,41 92,739 76,388 72,9 7,328 69,694 66,353 64,565 3, Gender inclusion is extremely challenging in male-dominated Afghanistan. However, great strides are being made as DTM hires more women. Nimroz leads the way, where 19% of focus group participants are women, mainly thanks to our female DFP, pictured here. IOM 217 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Returnees from Abroad Annual Trends 795,14 642, , Baghlan Balkh Farah Hirat Kabul Kandahar Khost Kunar Kunduz Laghman Logar Nangarhar Nimroz Paktya Takhar

3 3 AFGHANISTAN NOVEMBER DECEMBER 217 IDPs Arrival IDPs (IDPs) are Afghans who have fled from other settlements in Afghanistan and have arrived and presently reside at the assessed location / host community, as a result of, or in order to avoid, the effects of armed conflict, generalized violence, human rights violations, protection concerns, or natural and human-made disasters. 1,728,157 IDPs 86% displaced due to conflict 57% IDPs relocate within their home province 14% displaced by natural disaster OUT-MIGRANTS Out-Migrants are Afghans who have moved or fled abroad from the assessed location, whatever the cause, reason or duration of expatriation. This category includes refugees, displaced and uprooted people, and economic migrants who have left Afghanistan. 772,19 fled abroad 46,365 fled to Iran (6%) 11,534 fled to Europe (14%) 159,166 fled to Pakistan (21%) 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 419,35 Arrival IDPs by Province Annual Trends 39,78 181, ,511 91,725 76,246 74,325 71,662 58,867 58,595 56,27 46,935 41,42 37,752 22,999 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, 16,558 Out-Migrants by Province Annual Trends 93,91 87,648 81,51 79,81 78,973 56,35 43,37 32,734 28,499 21,958 19,395 16,559 15,845 1, Arrival IDPs by Province Annual Trends Out-Migrants by Province Annual Trends 8, 73,758 4, 36,94 7, 35, 6, 555,85 3, 5, 4, 3, 441,549 25, 2, 15, 234, ,644 2, 1, 1, 5, Baghlan Balkh Farah Hirat Kabul Baghlan Balkh Farah Hirat Kabul Kandahar Khost Kunar Kunduz Laghman Kandahar Khost Kunar Kunduz Laghman Logar Nangarhar Nimroz Paktya Takhar Logar Nangarhar Nimroz Paktya Takhar Arrival IDPs by Province of Origin Overall Moved Abroad by Contry/Region of Destination Overall 738,673 43% 989,484 57% Same Province Other Provinces 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, 159,166 46,365 11,534 Pakistan Iran Europe including Turkey 35,541 2,692 3,811 Middle East Rest of Asia Other

4 4 AFGHANISTAN NOVEMBER DECEMBER 217 Displaced in all 5 Target Populations Summary Overview by Province Total Inflow *Base (Returnees + % of % of Returnee % of Arrival % of % of Out % of Province Population Arrival IDPs) Pop. Returnees Pop. IDPs Pop. IDPs Pop. Fled IDPs Pop. Migrants Pop. Baghlan 926, ,536 17% 17,29 1% 265,839 29% 76,246 7% 18,1 12% 93,91 1% Balkh 1,353, ,57 12% 19,845 7% 19,329 1% 71,662 5% 13,548 1% 79,81 6% Farah 515, ,89 21% 64,565 1% 1,189 19% 74,325 11% 196,643 38% 81,51 16% Herat 1,928, ,363 2% 7,328 3% 38,927 2% 419,35 17% 77,518 4% 16,558 6% Kabul 4,523, ,693 9% 256,145 5% 31,861 1% 181,548 4% 69,479 2% 56,35 1% Kandahar 1,252, ,899 17% 76,388 5% 87,992 7% 181,511 12% 196,266 16% 16,559 1% Khost 584,75 122,56 17% 66,353 9% 13,926 2% 56,27 8% 41,792 7% 19,395 3% Kunar 458,13 159,217 26% 1,622 16% 34,58 7% 58,595 9% 47,699 1% 1,61 2% Kunduz 1,29, ,268 13% 99,41 8% 585,475 57% 58,867 5% 69,4 7% 78,973 8% Laghman 452,922 13,491 22% 92,739 16% 12,843 3% 37,752 6% 88,788 2% 21,958 5% Logar 398, ,544 27% 15,52 19% 13,433 3% 41,42 8% 112,285 28% 43,37 11% Nangarhar 1,545,448 88,92 34% 499,194 21% 218,289 14% 39,78 13% 252,161 16% 32,734 2% Nimroz 167,863 76,98 31% 3,45 12% 9,958 6% 46,935 19% 1,75 6% 15,845 9% Paktya 561,2 92,693 14% 69,694 11% 43,76 8% 22,999 4% 42,517 8% 28,499 5% Takhar 1,, ,625 14% 72,9 6% 159,999 16% 91,725 8% 3,795 3% 87,648 9% Total 16,699,381 3,549,168 18% 1,821,11 9% 1,635,194 1% 1,728,157 9% 819,95 5% 772,19 5% * Base Population source: OCHA, CSO Population Estimates for 216 to 217, 15-AUG-216 Symbology: > 2% of base population Total Inflow (Returnees + IDPs) Summary by Province Province Returnees Arrival IDPs Total Inflow Nangarhar 499,194 39,78 88,92 Herat 7, ,35 489,363 Kabul 256, , ,693 Kandahar 76, , ,899 Baghlan 17,29 76, ,536 Balkh 19,845 71, ,57 Takhar 72,9 91, ,625 Kunar 1,622 58, ,217 Kunduz 99,41 58, ,268 Logar 15,52 41,42 146,544 Farah 64,565 74, ,89 Laghman 92,739 37,752 13,491 Khost 66,353 56,27 122,56 Paktya 69,694 22,999 92,693 Nimroz 3,45 46,935 76,98 Total 1,821,11 1,728,157 3,549,168 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Total Inflow (Returnees + IDPs) Summary by Province 88,92 489, , , , ,57 164,625 Returnees from Abroad 159, , ,544 Arrival IDPs 138,89 13, ,56 92,693 76,98 As shown in the below table, 21 settlements host over 1, returnees and IDPs, each. These communities are especially fragile and potentially susceptible to social instability induced by the large influx of returnees and IDPs and the subsequent competition for limited, already overstretched resources and job opportunities. Jubril, in Herat district, is the most affected, hosting a total inflow of 164,871 returnees and IDPs, of which 88% (145,18) are IDPs and 12% (19,691) are returnees. There are an additional 36 villages each hosting over 5, returnees and IDPs and another 231 villages each hosting a total inflow of over 2,. Together, these 288 settlements (4.4% of all villages assessed) host 4% (1,421,356) of the total 3,549,168 returnees and IDPs. Settlements with over 1, Returnees + IDPs (Total Inflow) Settlement Province District Total Inflow Jubril Herat Herat 164,871 Chamtala Nangarhar Khogyani 37,32 Khalis Family Nangarhar Jalalabad 33,354 Markaz-e- Baharak Takhar Baharak 32,332 Marofian Kalay Kandahar Spinboldak 22,395 Ada Nangarhar Behsud 18,46 Shairak Logar Pul-e- Alam 18,2 Safid Sang Kabul Paghman 16,445 Bar Arghandy Kabul Paghman 15,675 Tolokan Kandahar Panjwayi 14,91 Jowi Dahi Sharqe Nangarhar Behsud 13,583 Gundigan Kandahar Kandahar 13,55 Karz Kandahar Kandahar 13,54 Kushkak Bala Kabul Paghman 12,666 Qodos Abad Herat Kohsan 12,38 Gowa Chan Herat Guzara 11,537 Tarkho Oba Nangarhar Behsud 11,12 Warz Bacha Takhar Khwajaghar 11,53 Woni Sufla Logar Pul-e- Alam 1,85 Dawlat Abad Nangarhar Chaparhar 1,62 Now Abad Safid Sang Kabul Paghman 1,48 Total 55,53

5 5 BASELINE MOBILITY ASSESSMENT SUMMARY RESULTS AFGHANISTAN NOVEMBER DECEMBER 217 8, >, -8 Source Data : IOM, AGCHO, AIMS, CSO, OSM Date map production : 2 January 218 Disclaimer : This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs) Overview iomkabuldtmallusers@iom.int Kilometers Not Accessible District Assessed Provinces AFGHANISTAN - DTM December 217, 4, 2, 1, -4, 1, -2, 2, Province Country Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs),, -2-1, 1 5 1, ,, Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs) TAJIKISTAN cm = 41 km 38 1:4,1, TAJIKISTAN UZBEKISTAN CHINA JAWZJAN KUNDUZ BALKH TAKHAR SAMANGAN FARYAB BADAKHSHAN JAMMU AND KASHMIR BAGHLAN SAR-E-PUL NURISTAN BADGHIS PARWAN BAMYAN LAGHMAN KUNAR KABUL HIRAT WARDAK GHOR NANGARHAR LOGAR DAYKUNDI PAKTYA KHOST GHAZNI URUZGAN PAKTIKA FARAH ZABUL KANDAHAR HILMAND IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) NIMROZ Total Returnees PAK + IRN (District) UZBEKISTAN CHINA >1 2, Proportional Represtentation (Province) Total Returnees from Iran # # Province Assessed Provinces District AFGHANISTAN - DTM December 217 Inflow Returnees PAK + IRN Total Returnees from Pakistan 6 3,, ,,,, 1-3, 1 Not Accessible 1 cm = 19 km Country Overview 1:1,948,337 Kilometers iomkabuldtmallusers@iom.int 24 UZBEKISTAN JAWZJAN TAJIKISTAN KUNDUZ 48, ,735 62,917 SAMANGAN 14, , ,712 WARDAK GHOR DAYKUNDI ,4 21,322 LAGHMAN 1,641 2, ,39 GHAZNI LOGAR 1,72 133,999 1,1,987 NANGARHAR KHOST 8 PAKTYA 53,64 URUZGAN 15,736 PAKTIKA 48,783 ZABUL KANDAHAR NIMROZ 2,546 22,898 KABUL 13,834 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) KUNAR NURISTAN PARWAN BAMYAN FARAH JAMMU AND KASHMIR BAGHLAN BADGHIS HIRAT BADAKHSHAN 79,757 87,952 SAR-E-PUL 54,988 TAKHAR 59,341 BALKH 82,53 FARYAB Source Data : IOM, AGCHO, AIMS, CSO, OSM Date map production : 11 january 218 Disclaimer : This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. 14,127 HILMAND 148,21 27,499

6 6 AFGHANISTAN NOVEMBER DECEMBER 217 TOP 5 PROVINCES Evidence-based prioritization is essential to the delivery of better targeted assistance and basic services. DTM provides partners with lists of priority areas in most need of assistance, based on a variety of sectoral indicators, at Province, District and Settlement levels. (NOTE: The number of individuals reported below is based on the Total Inflow: Returnees + IDPs) TOP 5 Provinces with the most Returnees and IDPs (Returnees + IDPs) 1 Nangarhar 88,92 2 Herat 489,363 3 Kabul 437,693 4 Kandahar 257,899 5 Baghlan 183,536 Grand Total 2,177,393 TOP 5 in need of Water (potable water > 3 km away) TOP 5 in need of Schools (nearest school > 3 km away) 1 Herat 59,76 2 Baghlan 43,473 3 Balkh 34,12 4 Farah 33,394 5 Kandahar 24,21 Grand Total 194,786 1 Kandahar 62,655 2 Nangarhar 6,496 3 Farah 47,337 4 Herat 35,835 5 Kabul 27,281 Grand Total 233,64 TOP 5 in need of Shelter (Returnees +IDPs living in Tents or in the Open Air) TOP 5 in need of Clinics (nearest clinic > 5 km away) 1 Nangarhar 133,673 2 Herat 129,696 3 Kandahar 88,779 4 Baghlan 73,37 5 Balkh 59,273 Grand Total 484,791 TOP 5 in need of Markets (nearest market > 1 km away) 1 Nangarhar 51,43 2 Kandahar 11,946 3 Laghman 9,384 4 Herat 8,223 5 Kabul 5,425 Grand Total 86,381 1 Herat 117,6 2 Kandahar 97,8 3 Baghlan 84,46 4 Balkh 69,65 5 Kunduz 61,642 Grand Total 43,387 STORIES FROM THE DISPLACED MOHAMMAD AFSHAR: from Returnee to IDP within an instant Before the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in the mid- 199s, Mohammad Afshar, a 55-year old father of 12 children and husband to two wives, worked as a farmer on his land in Takhar. To escape Taliban rule in 1998, Mohammad and his family moved to Quetta in Pakistan without any proper documentation. I found a job in a brick factory. My income was decent, and everyone in my family was happy. But in 216, after 18 years living in Pakistan, Mohammad and his family were forced to return to Afghanistan to escape the persistent harassment and extortion by authorities. Unfortunately, when he returned to his home in Takhar, his house had been completely destroyed and his land taken over by armed gunmen. Due to his long years in exile, he did not have the necessary support network to reclaim his property. Within an instant, Mohammad and his family were displaced and moved to an abandoned building without doors or windows in another district. On 15 November 217, the District Governor paid a visit to Mohammad s village to assess the situation of IDPs. You are the district governor, but you have no idea what is going on in your district! shouted Mohammad Afshar, I have no means to provide for my family, I even sold one of my sons for 5, Afghani ($8 USD) to buy food to feed my family. Another son died, because one of the walls of the house we live in collapsed, due to heavy snow. I lost two more daughters to illness, because I couldn t buy enough blankets to keep them warm in the winter. And when I wanted to sell our youngest daughter a few weeks ago, my wife stopped me, exclaiming, I would rather all of us die, than lose another one of my children! And with these words, Mohammad grabbed the can of fuel that he had brought along, and poured it all over himself. It was only through the quick reaction of bystanders, who took the matches from his hands, that Mohammad Afshar did not manage to follow through with his suicide. Total Inflow (Returnees + IDPs) Shelter Status 2% 1% 34% 25% 38% Own House (1,362,992) Rented House (892,38) Host Family (1,192,191) Tent (85,516) Open Air (16,9) Returnee or IDP? Immediately homeless upon return to Afghanistan, Mohammad Afshar and his family are among the nearly 5, Afghan IDPs and Returnees living in tents or in the open air in Takhar. DTM in IOM Afghanistan is generously supported by: For more information, please contact: iomkabuldtmallusers@iom.int