Name: Group: 404- Date:

Transcription

1 Name: Group: 404- Date: Notes 2.12 Chapter 2: : Nationalisms and the Autonomy of Canada Section 12: The Second World War and Canada s Involvement PART 2 Pages that correspond to this presentation found in your textbook The Second World War: Pages - Just like WW1 the Canadian government rounded up Canadians that were considered enemy aliens people who may have been born in countries such as Germany, Italy and Japan In addition Prisoners of war (POWs) were kept in Canada during WW2 It was a horrible situation as even were also interned even Canadians of Japanese decent that fought for Canada in WW1 Internment of Japanese Canadians In 1941 Japanese Canadians had to register themselves with the federal government declaring them enemy aliens The ignited hostility against Japanese Canadians people accused Japanese Canadians of being spies Despite the fact that the RCMP didn t find evidence that Japanese Canadians were a risk for Canada s safety still pressure from British Columbia to do something about the By all Japanese men were removed from B.C. s West Coast and kept in internment camps/road labour camps History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 1

2 Internment of Japanese Canadians By late 1942 all Japanese Canadians were removed from the West coast and brought to the Slocan Valley in B.C. were built, no financial support and barely any school for the children In addition, the both land and personal possessions Possessions were sold off and some funds were kept and other were used to pay for the detainment of Japanese Canadians Basically Japanese Canadians Women were relied on during WW2 in different ways Women played a effort (including but not limited to) helping with salvaging materials, organizing rationing of goods and involvement in war relief clubs and welcoming wartime refugees in Canada Overseas women also played important roles, Women s Royal Canadian Naval Service and the woman s Division of the Royal Canadian Air Force WW2: Canada s effort during wartime History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 2

3 Womens contribution to the war effort The Canadian Women s Army Corps (CWAC) Women that were part of the CWAC did not fight alongside of men on the battlefield The CWAC took care of behind the scenes (including but not limited to): Clerical work as part of the National defence Headquarters Army - Medical/dental assistants Car/ truck/ jeep / ambulance driving Laundry Cooking Womens contribution to the war effort The Canadian Women s Army Corps (CWAC) Unfortunately: were part of he life of a woman involved with the CWAC Civilian hostility towards CWAC members belief that women should not be involved in the military but rather in the home Towards the end of the war 21,624 were a part of the CWAC (636 officers higher ranking) Women in the CWAC during WW2 and this paved the way for women being integrated into combat units later on in time History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 3

4 Womens contribution to the war effort Around like WW1 in factories and other areas of work in Canada Factories that supplied Canadian soldiers with military equipment Men were off to war It is estimated that 265,000 women worked in manufacturing between 1942 and the end of the war in 1945 Women working in manufacturing earned less money than men even after the war Some women kept these jobs after the war although, many were laid off to give returning soldiers jobs There were organized and unorganized ways that people within Germany and other countries annexed by Germany could resist the nazis Helping Jewish people escape or hide Not going along with nazi policies Using counter nazi propaganda Providing information to the Allied countries regarding Germany military operations Partisan actions sabotaging German military operations Resistance of the Nazi regime Denmark 1943 Danes organized a rescue operation sending Jewish people to neutral Sweden 7000 Jewish people and around 700 non-jewish relatives were sent to Sweden Government, police and resistance fighters in Denmark all helped in this effort History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 4

5 Resistance of the Nazi regime - August Landmesser a non-jewish German man that married a Jewish German woman, Irma Eckler Despite laws in Germany that prohibited Germans from marrying Jewish people They had two children the family was broken up when Irma and August were sent to separate camps Irma died in the camp and August was sent to fight for Germany despite his clear distain for the nazis Famous photograph of August in the crowd of nazi supporters August DID NOT give the salut Resistance of the Nazi regime The White Rose resistance group run by brother and sister Hans and Sophie Scholl Students in Munich Germany handed out anti-nazi propaganda at the University of Munich The leaflet declares that "The day of reckoning has come, the reckoning of German youth with the most abominable tyranny that our people have ever suffered." (Source: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum) Hans and Sophie were reported to the Gestapo and were sentenced to death February 22 nd, 1943 Resistance of the Nazi regime Partisans Mainly Jewish fighters that were not directly connected to the Allies these people would sabotage German military operations A lot of the time these partisan groups would derail German trains carrying troops and/or supplies Life as a partisan fighter was tough: Always on the move Lack of resources like food No shelter History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 5

6 Canadian soldiers fought in both in many different countries Here are some important aspects of Canadian involvement in WW2: The Italian campaign from July February ,264 Canadian casualties Dieppe, France Raid August 19 th, ,963 soldiers participated 916 die, 1,950 taken prisoner The liberation of the Netherlands The battle of Scheldt in 1943 more than 6,000 Canadian soldiers die June 6 th, 1944 Allied troops stormed the shores of France (Normandy) By August of 1943 Leaders of the Allied countries met to discuss the large scale military operation named or as many people know as D-Day British, Canadian and American soldiers would land in Normandy, France on June 6 th, 1944 this was a surprise attack Germans were prepared Canadians landed on the beaches of Normandy This operation was one of the moments that started to turn the tide of WW2 German troops gradually retreated towards Germany after this operation ending the war End of WW2 in Europe V.E. Day May 8 th, 1945 End of war with Japan V.P. Day August 15 th, 1945 History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 6

7 As discussed the Union Nationale government (Maurice Duplessis) was voted out of office in Quebec in 1939 (Notes 2. 10) Replaced by The Quebec Liberal Party lead by - Godbout even made the promise that he would resign if the federal government implemented conscription However WW2 saw between the Quebec provincial government and the Canadian federal government WW2: Canada s effort during wartime The Quebec provincial government during WW2 Some deal made between the federal and provincial government include: from Quebec to the federal government 1942 program created by the federal government which could be used in Quebec 1944 program 1944 Opposition to the Liberal government Duplessis did not like that the Canadian government involved itself in Quebec affairs Duplessis wanted less involvement of the federal government History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 7

8 The Quebec provincial government during WW2 Asides from cooperation with the federal government the Quebec Liberal Party lead by Godbout also established reforms within Quebec Godbout wanted to start to modernize Quebec: Godbout wanted Quebec to have more control over hydroelectricity Quebec bought Montreal Light, Heat & Power 1940 granted women the right to vote in Quebec provincial elections and to run for political office 1943 The Quebec provincial government during WW2 By 1944 the Union Nationale government was back in power in Quebec How??? Godbout DID NOT resign when the federal government implemented conscription Duplessis called out Godbout and in 1944 the Quebec Liberal Party was voted out The Union Nationale Party would remain in power in Quebec for just about 16 years History & Citizenship Education Secondary IV 8