David Mikolajczyk 1, Lee Welhouse 1, Matthew Lazzara 1,2, Carol Costanza 1,George Weidner 1, Linda Keller 1, & Mark Seefeldt 3

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1 David Mikolajczyk 1, Lee Welhouse 1, Matthew Lazzara 1,2, Carol Costanza 1,George Weidner 1, Linda Keller 1, & Mark Seefeldt 3 1 Antarctic Meteorological Research Center, Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison 2 Dept. of Physical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Madison Area Technical College 3 Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences and Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Colorado-Boulder AMOMFW 2016, Columbus, OH

2 OUTLINE AWS team and AWS network First half of field season (Oct Dec 2015) Dave and Mark McMurdo, Ross Ice Shelf, and WAIS field work Second half of field season (Jan Feb 2016) Lee and Carol McMurdo, Ross Ice Shelf, and WAIS field work Final thoughts

3 The Team George Weidner Dr. Matthew Lazzara, PI Lee Welhouse Dave Mikolajczyk Carol Costanza Linda Keller Steven Fons Prof. John Cassano Nick Vertz Prof. Matt Hitchman Mark Seefeldt Dr. Masha Tsukernik

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6 FIRST HALF: 26 OCT 13 DEC 2015 Key Developments Cape Hallett transmission switch from Argos to Iridium Serviced Thurston Island and Evans Knoll First visits since their installation in 2011! Removed Brianna Austin New installation in West Antarctica!

7 CAPE HALLETT AWS: 26 OCT & 6 NOV Now transmitting with Iridium A3LA-X modem Allows for more data to be sent per transmission Cape Hallett after servicing

8 THURSTON ISLAND AWS: 4 DEC Replaced propeller (missing) and nose cone (gritty, wouldn t rotate properly) Replaced relative humidity sensor Before After

9 Removed BRIANNA AWS: 9 DEC Hadn t been visited since 2002 On our list for removal for many years; crevasses presented a danger or so we thought PGC satellite imagery Brianna

10 AUSTIN AWS: 12 DEC New AWS installed: Named for Dr. Austin Hogan Installed on December 12, 2015 by Dave Mikolajczyk and Mark Seefeldt With extra help from Catherine Dudley (WAIS camp staff), and KBA pilots Troy and John Location: West Antarctica: Ellsworth Land S, W Elevation: 1289 meters

11 10 Dec 13 Dec EVANS KNOLL AWS: 10 & 13 DEC Replaced propeller and nose cone (both missing) Removed enclosure to test pressure sensor in lab Reinstalled enclosure with new pressure sensor Installed new solar panel (repurposed from Brianna) Before After

12 OTHER AWS VISITED White Island: 4 Nov Station inspection, checked aerovane Emilia: 7 Nov Replaced aerovane Vito: 7 Nov Power cycle, removed enclosure for testing Ferrell: 9 Nov Station raise, still needed to replace data card Margaret: 12 Nov Station raise Linda: 14 Nov First attempt, ground blizzard cut visit short Linda: 23 Nov Installed new pressure gauge, 3-bat. power system Elaine: 27 Nov Station raise, installed new relative humidity sensor Emilia: 30 Nov Recorded pressure gauge number Vito: 30 Nov Reinstalled electronics and power cycled to no avail Byrd: 3 Dec Station raise Erin: 9 Dec Raised enclosure

13 SECOND HALF: 9 JAN 12 FEB 2016 Key Developments Kathie AWS New installation in West Antarctica! Moved Siple Dome AWS closer to Siple Dome Camp Removed Nascent AWS Pegasus North AWS Saved it from tipping over

14 KATHIE AWS New AWS Installed: Named For Kathie Hill Installed on January 18, 2016 by Lee Welhouse and Carol Costanza. Location: Hollick-Kenyon Plateau (between Ellsworth Land and Marie Byrd Land) Elevation: S, W 1627 meters

15 SIPLE DOME AWS: 26 & 27 JAN Moved AWS closer to Siple Dome Camp Raised station Before After

16 NASCENT AWS: 5 FEB Removed (last visited in 2006) PGC imagery aided in determining edge of ice shelf PGC satellite image Before

17 PEGASUS NORTH AWS Issue with temperature sensor unresolved Station tilt was extreme thanks to ASC and riggers for readjusting tower after we were off the ice Do we still want Pegasus North AWS? 9 Jan 26 Feb

18 OTHER AWS VISITED Harry: 15 Jan Swapped AWS2B with CR1000 Byrd: 15 Jan Fixed aerovane Theresa: 18 Jan - Power cycle and fixed connections to AWS2B Alexander Tall Tower!: 28 Jan Riggers inspected tower, junction box raised Laurie II: 29 Jan Power cycle Ferrell: 29 Jan Switched data cards Vito: 5 Feb Swapped enclosures (repurposed from Brianna) Laurie II: 5 Feb Replaced nose cone and propeller Cape Bird: 8 Feb Station inspection; busted aerovane Minna Bluff: 8 Feb Station inspection; wind monitor issues Marble Point: 8 Feb Station inspection Lorne: 9 Feb Raised lower instrumentation, installed 3-bat. power system

19 COLLABORATING FIELD WORK Scripps Research Institute Gerlache Strait and Neko Harbor AWS installed on the peninsula near Palmer French Antarctic Program Visited D-10, D-47, D-85, Dome C II Serviced Port Martin; it s now back online Gerlache Strait D-47

20 FINAL THOUGHTS ON FIELD SEASON Overall, very successful 2 new AWS installations 2 removals Many AWS raises A couple minor issues Delays getting to WAIS Cargo mishaps Completed 26 out of 27 planned AWS visits

21 FUTURE FOR AWS PROGRAM Unknown, as the funding is still undetermined

22 THANK YOU! Acknowledgments Antarctic AWS Observations: The authors appreciate the support of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Automatic Weather Station Program for the data set, data display, and information, NSF grant numbers and ANT Thanks to NSF, ASC, 109 th NY Air National Guard, Ken Borek Air, PHI Helicopters, PGC, Antarctic community, data users. Dan Wagster, Thomas Nylen for Iridium modem wisdom. Paul Koubek for mountaineering expertise. Anne Hellie, John Stone, Mark Seefeldt for awesome pictures.