W. C. Striplings US HiSTAARy Review

Transcription

1 W. C. Striplings US HiSTAARy Review Name: Class Period: Teacher Name: Completion Schedule: Page # s Topics Due Grade 1-22 Colonization, French and Indian War, Causes of the American Revolution, American Revolutionary War Early Government, Constitution, Bill of Rights, Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Louisiana Purchase, Monroe Doctrine, War of 1812, and Missouri Compromise Jackson, Manifest Destiny, Reform Movement Causes of the Civil War, Civil War, and Reconstruction N/A PACKETS DUE: will be graded and given back to study for the STAAR exam. Each Section will be due on dates above. Each Section will be taken for a grade and then average together for a Test Grade. THIS PACKET IS 5 MAJOR GRADES FOR YOU. DO NOT LOSE IT!

2 Social Studies Test Taking Tips As soon as the test begins, write down mnemonic devices you have learned in the blank pages of the test. Also, write down anything else you think might help you after the test begins. (Ex: Hot Dates) Use the place marker to cover up the answer choices and focus first on what the question is really asking and what you know about that topic. Write down what you know if it helps. Force yourself to slow down and underline key words, topics, and dates. Read captions on pictures and political cartoons. Look at details on maps, charts, and graphs. Once you ve activated all of your prior knowledge, look at the answer choices and READ ALL OF THEM. Eliminate answer choices that you know are wrong. If you still don t know the answer, mark the question and go back to it at the end of the test. If you get frustrated, take a break. Ask to get a drink of water or put your head down for a few minutes. If you get sleepy, ask for a restroom break or a snack. After you have circled all answers, check your work for accuracy. Then bubble in all answers. Check to make sure the bubbled answers match the circled answers. Remember that you have four hours only to answer the questions and bubble in your answers. Anything that is not bubbled when time is up will be marked wrong. Keep an eye on the timer displayed in your testing room. Your teacher will announce that you have 3 hours left, 2 hours left, and 1 hour left. If you are not done testing when the 1 hour left announcement is made, stop working and bubble in all of the questions you have answered in your booklet and continue working. Bubble the questions as you answer them until you finish. Relax! You have been preparing for this test all year and have been taught by the best teachers in Texas! 2

3 The 13 Colonies Directions: Fill in the missing information 1607 HOT DATES Virginia House of Burgesses Plymouth Founded Mayflower Compact Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

4 Fill In the Blanks / Key People John Smith Roger Williams Quakers Pocahontas Lord Baltimore William Penn Ann Hutchinson Squanto William Bradford James Oglethorpe John Peter Zenger Thomas Hooker Pilgrims Indentured Servants Puritans 1. - Leader at Jamestown- He that will not work shall not eat Native American who helped Jamestown settlers Founder of Rhode Island, promoted religious freedom 4. - Banished from Massachusetts colony; one of the founders of Rhode Island 5. - Leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony 6. - Native American who helped Pilgrims Founder of the colony of Connecticut, Connecticut adopted the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut sometimes called the First written Constitution Established Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers. He supported freedom of worship, welcomed immigrants 9. - Religious group who believed all people should live in peace and harmony; accepted different religions and ethnic groups Founded Maryland as a refuge for Catholics Founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors. 12. helped to establish freedom of the press Separatist group founded Plymouth Colony in people who sold their labor for passage to America Religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. Fled to America and established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in

5 Key Terms Mercantilism Virginia House of Burgesses Mayflower Compact Triangular Trade Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Jamestown Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights Columbian Exchange Great Awakening Bacon s Rebellion 1. the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western and the Eastern hemispheres 2. the first permanent English settlement in North America 3. created in 1619, the first representative assembly in the American colonies 4. revolt against powerful colonial authority in Jamestown by Nathaniel Bacon and a group of landless frontier settlers that resulted in the burning of Jamestown in an agreement established by the men who sailed to America on the Mayflower, which called for laws for the good of the colony and set forth the idea of self-government 6. First written constitution in the colonies. 7. limited the power of the king, established trial by jury, signed by King John in an agreement signed by William and Mary to respect the rights of English citizens 9. trade route with 3 stops 10. revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s 11. economic system in which colonies are established to provide resources and markets for the parent country. 5

6 1. Which statement best explains the significance of the Mayflower Compact? A) It limited the power of future colonial governments. B) It weakened the influence of religion in government. C) It established a form of self-government based on a social contract. D) It guaranteed liberties for colonists through local government. 2. How did geography influence the early economic development of New York, Boston, and Charleston? A) Long coastlines offered abundant natural resources. B) Proximity to flooding rivers limited development. C) Natural harbors provided access to markets. D) Extreme climates limited productive activity 3. Catholics immigrated to the Maryland colony in the seventeenth century primarily to A) profit from natural resources B) avoid crop failures and famine C) produce cash crops to pay off debts D) escape persecution 6

7 No freeman shall be seized, imprisoned, dispossessed, outlawed, or exiled... nor will we proceed against or prosecute him except by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land. 7.-Magna Carta, translated in A Documentary History. of England

8 As a result of the Magna Carta, what expectations did colonists have as free English subjects? a) They expected personal liberty and limits on the power of government. b) They expected the power of government to be divided into three separate branches. c) They expected to have a republican form of government. d) They expected to have free speech and free press. Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best completes the statement. A. representative assembly B. Quakers C. indentured servants D. joint-stock company E. proprietary colony 7. Each investor in a received pieces of ownership of the company called shares of stock. 8. were men and women who sold their labor to a person that would finance their passage to the colonies. 9. The first in the American colonies was known as the House of Burgesses. 10. William Penn established Pennsylvania as a colony where could live according to their beliefs that all people could live in peace and harmony. 11. New Netherland became the of New York, because the Duke of York became the owner of the colony. Label the map of the 13 colonies. Color the map by region, New England, Middle, and Southern. 8

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10 Directions: Answer the questions in the chart below. 10

11 Complete the chart, using the information on page 94 in your textbook, your notes, and the internet. 11

12 Directions: Fill in the name for each colony on the chart. Colony Year Founded Pilgrims Puritans Leader/Founder Government Reasons Founded William Bradford John Winthrop New England Colonies Male church members who owned property could vote Thomas Hooker Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Roger Williams All men who owned property could vote Religious freedom for Pilgrims and Puritans (Separatists) Religious and political freedom Thomas Hooker felt the governor (Winthrop) had too much power in Massachusetts. Separation of church and state and religious toleration Sir Ferdinand Gorges and John Mason The president and council being appointed by the Crown and the assembly elected by the people Trading and fishing villages that were part of Massachusetts that asked to be a separate colony Middle Colonies Peter Minuit (Dutch) Duke of York (English) Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret The governor and council being appointed by the Duke and the assembly elected by the people governor, council, and an assembly of twelve Economic and political reasons - The Dutch colony on the Hudson separated New England from the other English colonies and threatened British rule in North America. Duke of York, ignoring the claims of the Dutch colony. English warships sailed to New Amsterdam harbor and took it over without firing a shot. New Jersey was included in the grant of Charles II to his brother James, William Penn frame of government governor appointed, power of lawmaking put into the hands of the people represented by a council which should make all laws and an assembly that should approve them. Colony founded so Quakers could worship freely Penn believed in religious tolerance. All religions were welcomed (Dutch) Peter Minuit (New They were granted First colonized by the Swedes for 12

13 Colony 1664 (part of PA) 1701(separate colony) Year Founded Charter 1634 settled Jamestown Sweden, Dutch) a separate legislature but still answered to the governor of Pennsylvania and the king. religious freedom, then taken over by the Dutch, then the English. All religions were welcomed. Leader/Founder Government Reasons Founded Southern Colonies Lord Baltimore (Cecil Calvert) Act of Toleration welcomed all Christians Lord Baltimore was given almost kingly power. Founded so Catholics could worship freely Virginia Company/ House of Burgesses Profit from trade and farming (tobacco) (separate colony) Poor Tobacco farmers -Governor was appointed ; People had little say; Profit from trade and farming (separate colony) 8 English nobles The Church of England was made the state church and so it continued to the time of the Revolution James Oglethorpe 1752 Georgia became a royal colony. The people now elected an assembly and the king appointed the governor. Profit from trade and farming Founded as a haven for debtors. Acted as a buffer zone between South Carolina and Spanish Florida 13

14 Revolutionary America

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16 Matching Key People of the Revolution: Word Bank Key words of the Revolution Proclamation of 1763 Bunker Hill Sons of Liberty Saratoga Lexington Boston Massacre Declaration of Independence Mercantilism Battle of Yorktown Valley Forge 1. was the battle where Lord Cornwallis surrendered to Washington. 2. Propaganda played an important role during the. 3. The Battle of proved that the Americans could hold their own against the British. 4. Because of the Battle of, Benjamin Franklin was able to convince the French to help in the war. 5. The declared our Independence from King George III. 6. The were the men behind the Boston Tea Party. 7. was where the first shot of the Revolutionary War happened. 8. The permitted any colonist from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. 9. The term is defined as an economic system in which colonies exist for the benefit of the colonial power. 10. is where Washington took his men for training during the war. 16

17 Multiple Choice: 1. According to the theory of mercantilism, colonies should be A. Acquired as markets and sources of raw materials B. Considered an economic burden for the colonial power C. Granted independence as soon as possible D. Encouraged to develop their own industries 2. The slogan no taxation without representation referred to taxes enacted by A. Colonial legislators B. Town meetings C. The English Parliament D. The First Continental Congress 3. King George III primary goal for establishing the Proclamation Line of 1763 was to A. Avoid conflict between colonists and Native Americans B. Make a profit by selling the land west of the Appalachian Mountains C. Prevent American industrial development in the Ohio River Valley D. Allow Canada to control the Great Lake region 4. In the American Revolution, who were the Minutement? A. American colonists who fought in the British army B. British soldiers who were the best in their army C. American colonist who fought for independence D. British soldiers who wished to return to Great Britain 5. Which of the following issues did George Washington face in forming and maintaining an Army during the American Revolution? A. Conflicts with the League of Iroquois interfered with training B. Washington s troops were unfamiliar with the territory C. Most of the volunteers were untrained and undisciplined D. Congress refused to fund the American Revolution 6. During the Revolutionary War period, Thomas Paine s Common Sense was important because it A. Described a military plan for the defeat of England B. Convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence C. Contained a detailed outline for a new form of government D. Argued for the addition of the bill of rights in the Constitution 7. The turning point of the American Revolution, which brought in the French to aid the Americans, was A. Lexington and Concord B. Yorktown C. Bunkerhill D. Saratoga 17

18 8. The event described in the passage was planned by the A. Sons of Liberty B. House of Burgesses C. Tories D. Loyalists 9. The British plan to conquer New York and isolate New England included A. The capture of Albany B. The capture of Philadelphia C. The use of guerrilla tactics D. A three-pronged drive by Howe, St. Leger, and Burgoyne 10. In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson based his argument for Amerucab independence on the idea that A. People have natural rights as human beings B. The British refused to import colonial raw materials C. Monarchy was evil by nature D. Britain was too far away to rule the colonies effectively Maps and Charts: 1. Which of the following was NOT a condition of the treaty that ended the Revolutionary War? A. The United States was independent. B. Each side would repay debts it owed the other. C. The British would return any enslaved persons they had captured. D. The French acquired all land west of the Mississippi River. 18

19 2. What would be appropriate title for the above picture? A) Signers of the U.S. Constitution B) Founders of the American Colonies C) The First Continental Congress D) Signers of the Declaration of Independence 3. What event belongs in the last box? A) Colonists declare their independence B) Establishment of a Virginia House of Burgesses C) Creation of the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut D) Creation of the English Bill of Rights 19

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21 Acts of the Revolution Matching- Cost saving measure that required the colonies to house British and provide them with supplies. Taxes on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea Law that places a tax on sugar, molasses, and other products shipped to the colonies. An act that gave a monopoly on tea sales to the East India Company. A. Quartering Act B. Intolerable Acts C. Stamp Act D. Sugar Act E. Tea Act F. Townshend Act Law that required all legal and commercial documents to carry an official stamp showing that a tax had been paid. A series of laws passed to punish the Massachusetts colony following the Boston Tea Party. 21

22 Government Multiple Choice- Question: Which of the following statements about the Constitutional Convention a) A record of each day s discussion and debates from the convention was printed in the following day s newspaper. b) The original purpose of the convention was to sign the treaty ending the American Revolution. c) Thomas Jefferson and John Adams presided over the convention. d) The original purpose of the convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation. Use the information in the box and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question. The House of Representatives has the power to impeach the president. The president has the power to veto laws passed by Congress. The Senate must approve judicial appointments made by the president. Question: The information in the box illustrates which of the following constitutional principles? a) Individual rights b) Federalism c) Checks and balances d) Republicanism 22

23 Question: Which right best completes the diagram? a) The right to bear arms b) Freedom to speak without fear of punishment c) Protection from cruel and unusual punishment d) Freedom of the press to report on court proceedings Question: When citizens report for jury duty, they are helping uphold a constitutional rights guarantee by the- a) First Amendment b) Second Amendment c) Sixth Amendment d) Ninth Amendment Question: Patrick Henry opposed ratifying the U.S. Constitution because he believed that under it- a) The states would surrender too much power to the federal government b) Alliances could not be formed with other countries c) The courts would not be able to hold government officials accountable d) Individuals would exercise too much power over the federal government 23

24 The power not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. Question: Which principle of U.S. government is most clearly reflected in the amendment above? a) Checks and balances b) Federalism c) Separation of Powers d) Due Process - Tenth Amendment, U.S. Constitution Question: George Mason refused to sign the Constitution and opposed its ratification because he believed that it- a) Did not adequately protect individuals from potential government abuse b) Did not give the executive branch enough power to oversee the military c) Prevented the legislative branch from effectively governing the states d) Prevented the judicial branch from using judicial review to overturn acts of the legislature Question: The first political parties in the United States were established in the 1790s largely because of political differences between- a) John Adams and Benjamin Franklin b) Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Paine c) George Washington and James Madison d) Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton Question: Which principle of U.S. government is illustrated in the sequence shown above? a) Judicial review b) Checks and balances c) Popular sovereignty d) Federalism Question: Under the Articles of Confederation, had the most power. a) The executive b) The central government c) The courts d) The states 24

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26 Charts

27 1. 2. Matching Terms- Northwest Ordinance Articles of Confederation Great Compromise Republicanism Popular Sovereignty 3/5 Compromise Federalism Separation of Powers Individual Rights Constitution 1. The Constitutional Convention s agreement on how to account for a states slave population for purposes of representation and taxation. 2. The belief that government should be based on the consent of the people. 3. A personal liberty and privilege guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights. 4. It set conditions for how a territory could become a state. 5. The division of basic government roles into branches. 6. A system in which residents vote to decide on issues. 7. A system of government where power is shared among the central (or federal) government and the states. 8. An agreement to establish a two-house legislature, with all states having equal representation in one house and each state having representation based on its population in the other house. 9. The first constitution of the U.S., created a weak central government, leaving most of the power with the states government. 10. The supreme law of the U.S. 27

28 Use your knowledge of the Bill of Rights to determine if the person s rights are being violated. If their rights are being violated what amendment protects them? Scenario: Mr. Larson was tried and found not guilty for murder. A month after the trial ends, the prosecutor receives new evidence that he believes would most likely result in conviction. The prosecutor decides to retry Mr. Larson. Can the Government do this? YES or No If YES which Amendment Scenario: Sara was stopped by a police officer on his way home from school. The police officer wanted to search Sara s backpack because he heard a teenage girl had just robbed the candy store on the corner. Sara said to the officer, Do you have a warrant? The officer said, no, Sara informed the officer that she could not search his bag because it violated her rights. YES or NO If YES which Amendment Scenario: Marvin s boss dislikes the ideas of the Church of Every Day Salvation. Marvin tells a coworker that he belongs to the church and soon after, Marvin s boss fires him because he belongs to the church. YES or NO If YES which Amendment 28

29 Scenario: Juanita lives near a factory that puts foul-smelling smoke in the air. Juanita and her neighbors call a meeting at Juanita s house to discuss what they can do about the smoke. However, the police block the entrance to the home and tell people that they have no right to hold a meeting. YES or NO If YES which Amendment Scenario: On January 10, 2002, Jim was arrested for trespassing on his neighbor s property. When he appeared before the judge to set his trial date, the judge told him his trial date would take place on January 24, Jim immediately informed the judge that this date was unacceptable. Is he right or wrong? YES or NO If YES which Amendment Matching People/ Terms- Create a match by drawing a line Federalist A) People who supported the Constitution Anti-Federalist Alexander Hamilton Patrick Henry James Madison George Mason Shay s Rebellion George Washington Federalist Papers Bill of Rights B) Virginian who opposed the Constitution C) President of the Constitutional Convention D) First 10 Amendments of the Constitution E) Opposed the Constitution F) Father of the Constitution G) An author of The Federalist papers H) Proved the weaknesses of the Articles of Conf. I) Essays meant to answer Antifederalist attacks J) Believed the Constitution did not guarantee rights to people 29

30 Louisiana (15-star, 15-stripe "Star-Spangled Banner" flag) Purchase War of 1812 Fill in the year each of the hot date. Missouri Compromise HOT DATES And Events Monroe Doctrine Purchase of Florida 1819 Industrial Revolution 30

31 Key People 1. John C. Calhoun: War Hawk, was a South Carolina Congressman and Senator who spoke for the South before and during the Civil War. 2. Henry Clay: War Hawk, was a powerful Kentucky Congressman and Senator who proposed the American System and the Compromise of James Monroe: was the author of the Monroe Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to European expansion or interference. 4. James Madison was the fourth President of the United States ( ). He is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" 5. Thomas Jefferson - was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776) and the third President of the United States ( ). 6. John Marshall The longest-serving Chief Justice in U.S. Supreme Court history, Marshall dominated the Court for over three decades and played a significant role in the development of the American legal system. 7. Samuel Slater - was an early English-American industrialist known as the "Father of the American Industrial Revolution" Key Terms Political Parties War of 1812 Lewis and Clark Era of Good Feelings Louisiana Purchase Embargo Act Erie Canal Monroe Doctrine 1. was the first American expedition to cross what is now the western portion of the United States, 2. was a refusal to trade with the United Kingdom and France during the Napoleonic Wars. 3. The marked a period in the political history of the United States that reflected a sense of national purpose and a desire for unity among Americans 4. The was an artificial waterway opened in 1825 linking Lake Erie to the Hudson River. 5. The, written in 1823, told the world that the Western Hemisphere was closed to colonization. 6. The was a 32-month military conflict between the United States of America and the British. 7. typically seeks to influence, direct, or entirely perform government policy; usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office 8. The was the acquisition by the U.S. of America in 1803 of 828,000 square miles from France 31

32 Use the quote above to answer the following question: What was Washington s warning to Americans in this excerpt from his farewell address? (A) (B) (C) (D) He warned them against forming political alliances with foreign nations. He believed forming political parties would divide the nation. He warned against becoming dependent on foreign trade. He encouraged Americans to develop a strong educational system. Formation of Political Parties Two members of George Washington s administration, Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, argued so much over topics such as the best way to pay off the new nation s debts and how to the Constitution should be interpreted that their disagreements led to the formation of the first political parties in the United States. Read each description below and identify whether each identifies the Democratic-Republican Party (by writing D-R in the blank) or the Federalist Party (by writing F in the blank). Thomas Jefferson Loose interpretation of the Constitution Supported states rights Alexander Hamilton Industrial economy Strong central government Agricultural economy Strict interpretation of the Constitution National Bank 32

33 Question: Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the chart above? a) The President should always be a Federalist. b) The President and Vice President should be from different political parties. c) The Vice President should always be a Democratic Republican. d) The President and Vice President should be from the same political party. Question: American political parties developed because : a) the Constitution established them. b) George Washington set a precedent for them. c) Congress passed laws that led to their formation. d) Hamilton and Jefferson disagreed about what was best for the country. 33

34 Protective Tariff Question: By 1832 many southerners opposed protective tariffs because these tariffs a) increased the cost of owning slaves b) lowered the price of cotton c) increased the price of foreign manufactured goods d) discouraged the construction of new factories Question: Which of the following statements summarizes the effects of a protective tariff? a) The tariff helped American manufacturing by raising the prices of American goods. b) The tariff helped American business by encouraging people to buy imported goods. c) The tariff helped American manufacturing by raising the prices of imported goods. d) The tariff helped American business by making it easier to sell goods to Britain. 34

35 Missouri Compromise What was it? In the years leading up to the Missouri Compromise of 1820, tensions began to rise between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions within the U.S. Congress and across the country. They reached a boiling point after Missouri s 1819 request for admission to the Union as a slave state, which threatened to upset the delicate balance between slave states and free states. To keep the peace, Congress orchestrated a two-part compromise, granting Missouri s request but also admitting Maine as a free state. It also passed an amendment that drew an imaginary line across the former Louisiana Territory, establishing a boundary between free and slave regions that remained the law of the land until it was negated by the Kansas- Nebraska Act of This compromise was led by Henry Clay. Question: Why was the Missouri Compromise only a temporary solution to the problem of sectionalism? 35

36 Question: Which list shows the events in the order they occurred? a) Declaration of Independence, Constitutional Convention, Missouri Compromise b) Missouri Compromise, Declaration of Independence, Constitutional Convention c) Missouri Compromise, Constitutional Convention, Declaration of Independence d) Declaration of Independence, Missouri Compromise, Constitutional Convention Question: Which area was closed to slavery by the Missouri Compromise of 1820? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 Question: What compromise did Henry Clay propose for admitting Missouri to the Union? a) admit Missouri as a free state and allow slavery in all other new states from that time forward b) admit Missouri as a free state and Maine as a slave state c) admit Missouri as a slave state and ban slavery in all other new states from that time forward d) admit Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state Question: What was the purpose of the Missouri Compromise? a) to maintain the balance of slave and free states b) to prohibit the expansion of slavery into any new states admitted to the union c) to guarantee women the right to vote while denying the right to vote to slaves d) to enhance the civil rights of noncitizens e) to quell civil unrest resulting from Shays's Rebellion 36

37 The Monroe Doctrine What was it? During James Monroe s presidency, several revolutions against Spanish rule flared up in South and Central America and ousted the colonial governments. New leaders such as Simon Bolivar established independent regimes. The U.S., having itself broken away from colonial rule, officially recognized these new countries, and established lucrative trading relations with many of them. Fearing that European governments would intervene and try to reassert colonial dominance, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams composed the Monroe Doctrine, which Monroe revealed in This doctrine declared American dominance in the Western Hemisphere and warned against European interference in the Americas. It consisted of three principles: Unless American interests were involved, the United States would stay out of European wars. The American continents, including both North and South America, were not subject to any further colonization by European powers. The United States would construe any attempt at European colonization in the New World as an unfriendly act. Although the U.S. had little military power to back up its claims, the declaration nonetheless had immense symbolic importance, announcing the United States as a world power equal to the great European nations. The Monroe Doctrine asserted U.S. preeminence in the affairs of the Americas, a position that has informed American foreign relations ever since. Question: Which of the following warned European nations to leave the newly independent nations of Latin America alone? a) Monroe Doctrine b) Treaty of Ghent c) Adams-Onís Treaty d) Embargo Act 37

38 Question: President James Monroe delivered the Monroe Doctrine at his annual address to Congress in Summarize the significance of Monroe s foreign policy objective (A) It prevented further European colonization of North and South America (B) It extended U.S. territories into the Caribbean and South America (C) It removed European domination of South American countries (D) It declined to wage war against imperialistic European countries. Question: One similarity in foreign policies of President George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and James Monroe was that they (A) Favored France over England (B) Promoted colonial expansion (C) Came to the defense of Latin American Nations (D) Sought to avoid involvement in European political struggles. Question: Which one of President Monroe s major concern was reflected in the Monroe Doctrine? (A) He was worried about events in Latin America (B) He did not like European countries (C) He wanted to show Mexico who was boss (D) He wanted to take Native American lands Question: James Monroe created the Monroe Doctrine to (A) Start a war with Mexico (B) Warn European not colonize the Western Hemisphere (C) Establish sectionalism (D) Encourage foreign relations 38

39 Louisiana Purchase Thomas Jefferson had always dreamed of extending the United States westward. He sent envoys to France to negotiate the right to send goods down the Mississippi River to New Orleans. In 1803, Napoleon Bonaparte, the new ruler of France, offered to sell the Louisiana Territory. Although Jefferson was uncertain whether the Constitution allowed the Federal Government to buy the new territory, he went ahead with the purchase. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the nation. It gave the Americans control of the Mississippi River. In 1804 Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore this vast region. Their expedition laid the groundwork for the future westward expansion of the United States. Question: As a result of the Louisiana Purchase, the United States gained the area a) east of the Mississippi River. b) between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains. c) west of the Rocky Mountains. d) between the Ohio River and the Gulf of Mexico. 39

40 1. What year was the Louisiana Territory purchased? 2. Which US President purchased the territory and from which country did he purchase it? 3. What are the three reasons why the Louisiana Purchase is significant? 1) 2) 3) 4. On the map below, label the Louisiana Purchase, the Mississippi River, and New Orleans. Question: What is the significance of the year 1803? a) The United States gained Florida. b) The United States doubled in size. c) The United States purchased land in the southwest. d) The United States annexed Texas. Question: The Mississippi River was important to western farmers because it a) created a route to the Pacific Ocean. b) provided a means to ship goods to New Orleans. c) formed a link to the Great Lakes. d) carried goods to cities on the east coast. 40

41 In the War of 1812, the United States took on the greatest naval power in the world, Great Britain, in a conflict that would have an immense impact on the young country s future. Causes of the war included British attempts to restrict U.S. trade, the Royal Navy s impressment of American seamen and America s desire to expand its territory. The United States suffered many costly defeats at the hands of British, Canadian and Native American troops over the course of the War of 1812, including the capture and burning of the nation s capital, Washington, D.C., in August Nonetheless, American troops were able to repulse British invasions in New York, Baltimore and New Orleans, boosting national confidence and fostering a new spirit of patriotism. The ratification of the Treaty of Ghent on February 17, 1815, ended the war but left many of the most contentious questions unresolved. Nonetheless, many in the United States celebrated the War of 1812 as a second war of independence, beginning an era of partisan agreement and national pride. Question: How did the disruption in Atlantic shipping prior to and during the War of 1812 significantly affect the US economy? a) Imports of raw materials increased in the Northeast b) Americans emigrated to Europe to find manufacturing jobs c) Cotton sales from southern states to Europe increased d) American industries expanded to provide replacements for foreign goods Question: One of the outcomes of winning a war is often an increased sense of nationalism. The War of 1812 was no exception. Explain why you think wars inspire pride in one s country. Also, explain why winning the War of 1812 was so important to the United States. 41

42 War of 1812 Causes Events People 42

43 The Industrial Revolution Begins The Industrial Revolution began with textile machines. These machines turned cotton into yarn. In 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, a machine that cleaned cotton quickly. Cotton became America s biggest export. Then the government hired Whitney to make thousands of guns. At that time guns were made by hand. Whitney thought of a way to make them quickly and cheaply. He used interchangeable parts and mass production. Soon factories began using his ideas. The nation s productivity increased. Machines Bring Change Entrepreneurs used machines to change how people worked. Francis Lowell built a mill that turned cotton into cloth. Soon other factories opened. New inventions, like reapers and steel plows, made farm work easier and faster. Before the Industrial Revolution, people worked on farms or in workshops. Now many people worked in factories. Changes in Transportation In the 1800s, dirt roads could not be used in bad weather. The government built a paved road from Maryland to Ohio. People built towns and opened businesses to sell goods. Robert Fulton invented a steamboat that could travel without wind or currents. Soon there were many steamboats. In 1825, the Erie Canal opened. This canal made it easier to ship goods between Lake Erie and the Hudson River. Many canals were built. Rivers and canals became the fastest and cheapest way to ship goods. Steam locomotive trains were even faster than steamboats. Trips that took 32 hours by steamboat took only 10 hours by train. Soon the United States had thousands of miles of railroad track. Factories and farmers sent their goods faster to places all over the country What did Whitney do to manufacture guns more quickly and cheaply? In what ways did the workday change for many people during the Industrial Revolution? Why were steam locomotives better than other forms of transportation? 43

44 Question: Which of the following best completes the table above? a) Immigration expands the labor force. b) The government seizes control of factories. c) Overland trade routes become obsolete. d) A scarcity of raw materials causes prices to rise. Question: Beginning in the early 1800s, advances in transportation in the United States helped lead to a) a decrease in the size of cities b) the creation of a national economy c) the beginning of trade with foreign countries d) a decline in agricultural 44

45 Question: According to the table, the approximate population of Philadelphia in 1820 was a) 124,000 b) 80,000 c) 64,000 d) 25,000 Question: Which of these statements best describes the effect of the Industrial Revolution on the types of jobs held by Americans? a) Most Americans became factory managers. b) Few Americans started new businesses. c) The number of factory jobs increased. d) The number of skilled craftspeople increased. 45

46 Question: Which factor contributed most to the population trend shown in the table? a) Migration of African Americans from the South b) A decrease in the number of U.S. farms c) An increase in the number of cottage industries d) Immigration from Europe Question: Which of the following technological innovations contributed most to increased trade and settlement along the Mississippi River during the early 1800s? a) Clipper ships b) Steamboats c) Interchangeable parts d) Railroads Question: Which of the following best completes the diagram above? a) Decrease in cotton profits b) Decreased use of slave labor c) Loss of industrial jobs d) Increase in cotton production Question: In the nineteenth century, the availability of the resources in this list resulted in a) an increase in the number of factories in the Northeast b) the development of industrial labor unions in the South c) an increase in the number of immigrants moving to the South d) the expansion of commercial agriculture in the Northeast 46

47 Landmark Supreme Court Cases Gibbons vs. Ogden The New York Legislature had passed a law giving a monopoly on steamship travel in New York state to a group of investors, including Aaron Ogden. Thomas Gibbons wanted to use the New York waterways for his business, too. He had been given federal permission to do so but was denied access to these waterways by the State of New York. The Supreme Court said that the U.S. Constitution had a commerce clause that allowed the federal government to regulate commerce, in this case trade, wherever it might be, including within the borders of a state. McCulloch vs. Maryland The United States, at this time (1819) had a federal bank. The State of Maryland voted to tax all bank business not done with state banks. Andrew McCulloch, who worked in the Baltimore branch of the Bank of the United States, refused to pay the tax. The State of Maryland sued, and the Supreme Court accepted the case. The Supreme Court wrote a state did not have the power to tax the federal government. "The right to tax is the right to destroy," he wrote, and states should not have that power over the federal government. Both of these cases reinforced the idea that the government is more powerful than the government. 47

48 Annexation of Texas (Andrew Jackson s Inauguration in 1828) Fill in the box with the dates James K. Polk Elected Mexican Cession HOT DATES And Events Andrew Jackson Elected California Gold Rush Mexican War 48

49 Key People 1. John C. Calhoun: War Hawk, was a South Carolina Congressman and Senator who spoke for the South before and during the Civil War. 2. John Quincy Adams - Narrowly beat Jackson for the Presidency in 1824 in a run-off vote in the House of Representatives, a leader in the National Republican Party. Elected to the House by Massachusetts in 1830 following his reelection loss to Jackson after the grueling and nasty campaign of Martin Van Buren - Jackson's closest ally and confident through his Presidency, and eventual Vice President during Jackson's second term. Van Buren's bid to be minister to Britain was voted down as part of the Nullification Crisis. Jackson later endorsed him for President in 1836 and Van Buren won easily. 4. Andrew Jackson - A hero of the Battle of New Orleans and the Creek War who entered the national political arena when he challenged John Quincy Adams for the presidency in After a controversial loss, Jackson ran again in 1828 and won. His presidency was plagued by numerous crises, from the Bank War and the Nullification Crisis to forced Native American removal. Jackson s presidency has become associated with populist democracy, westward expansion, and a strengthened federal government. 5. James K. Polk - An expansionist Democrat from Tennessee who was elected president on a manifest destiny platform in During his four years in office, Polk lowered tariffs, revived the independent treasury, acquired Oregon, and seized California in the Mexican War. Many critics have accused him of provoking war with Mexico simply as an excuse to annex western land. Key Terms Battle of New Orleans The Corrupt Bargain Manifest Destiny Cumberland Road Nullification Crisis Jacksonian Democracy Trail of Tears Worcester v Georgia 1. was the final major battle of the War of At this the American forces were commanded by Major General Andrew Jackson. 2. The was the first major improved highway in the United States to be built by the federal government. 3. Court case which ruled that the Cherokee Indians were entitled to federal protection from the actions of state governments which would infringe on the tribe's sovereignty. 4. was a sectional crisis over the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 that South Carolina said were unconstitutional. 5. was a political scandalin 1824 that arose when the Speaker of the House, Henry Clay, allegedly met with John Quincy Adams before the House election to break a deadlock. 6. was a belief of the that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable. 7. The is a name given to the forced relocation of Native American nations from southeastern parts of the United States following the Indian Removal Act of The term was a political movement toward greater democracy for the common man symbolized by American politician Andrew Jackson and his supporters. 49

50 Mnemonics How to Remember the President 50

51 Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny is a term for the attitude prevalent during the 1800 s of American expansion that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast. This attitude helped fuel western settlement, Native American removal and war with Mexico. The phrase was first coined by John L. O Sullivan. 51

52 Question: Which area did the United States purchase from France in 1803? a) Area 1 b) Area 2 c) Area 3 d) Area 4 Question: Which area did the United States purchase from Mexico in 1848? a) Area 1 b) Area 2 c) Area 3 d) Area 4 Question: Which of these best explains the change in population and distribution of U.S. cities from 1850 to 1870? a) The passage of homesteading legislation b) The admission of new states to the Union c) The expansion of the railroad system and increased industrialization d) The emancipation of slaves after the Civil War 52

53 Question: In which of these areas was cotton farming the main economic activity during the 1800 s? a) I b) II c) III d) IV Question: These excerpts offer different points of view about a) the Texas War of Independence b) the admission of California to the Union c) the U.S.-Mexican War d) the acquisition of the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico 53

54 Question: Fill in the appropriate blanks with the names of the territory, the country the United States acquired the territory from and the date. Directions: Explain how the lyrics of The Boots Are Made for Walking are like the concept of westward expansion 54

55 Question: Many colonists in New England turned from farming to industrial activities in part because a) they wanted to preserve the old-growth forests b) the winters were cold and the soil was rocky and hard c) they preferred to purchase their food from Native Americans d) farmers in the Mid-Atlantic colonies controlled the sale of cash crops Question: Which port city lies near the mouth of the Mississippi River, making it important for commerce? a) New York City b) Philadelphia c) Charleston d) New Orleans Question: Manifest Destiny is... 55

56 Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson (a.k.a. Old Hickory) was the seventh President of the United States ( ). From his home in Tennessee, Jackson was a politician and army general who defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans (1815). A polarizing figure who started the Democratic Party and as president he dismantled the Second Bank of the United States and initiated forced relocation and resettlement of Native American tribes from the Southeast to west of the Mississippi River with the Indian Removal Act (1830). His enthusiastic followers created the modern Democratic Party. The period later became known as the era of Jacksonian democracy. Question: This excerpt is from a protest issued by the South Carolina legislature and addressed to the U.S. Congress. Which of these political issues was it related to? a) The Bank War b) Marbury v. Madison c) The Nullification Crisis d) The Alien and Sedition Acts 56

57 1824 Election 1828 Election 73.1 percent did not vote 42.4 percent did not vote 26.9 percent voted 57.6 voted Question: What is the best explanation for the differences shown on the table? a) Suffrage was extended to women. b) A greater number of African-Americans in the north could vote. c) Many more people had immigrated to the United States. d) States had enfranchised (given the right to vote) many more white males. Question: In this excerpt, Henry Clay opposes the growth of a) Republicanism b) Sectionalism c) Mercantilism d) Nationalism What was South Carolina upset about during Jackson's presidency? Did Jackson believe that states had the right to ignore federal laws with which they did not agree? According to the principal of federalism, do you think states have that right? Why or why not? 57

58 Fast forward about 30 years from the Nullification Crisis and the year is Lincoln has just been elected, and South Carolina has seceded from the Union. Based on South Carolina's past history, why shouldn't Lincoln have been surprised at their actions? The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears White settlers asked the government to relocate American Indians from the southeast United States because they wanted the that was occupied by the Indians. The passed by Congress at Andrew Jackson s urging in It allowed the federal government to pay Native Americans to move west. Many American Indian tribes accepted payment and moved west. The tribe refused to move west and took their case to the Supreme Court. In the Supreme Court Case of, the Court ruled that the state of Georgia did not have the right to pass laws that removed the Cherokee. President Jackson disagreed with the decisions and went head to head with Supreme Court Chief Justice by authorizing the Army to force the Cherokee west. In 1838, the Army forced the Cherokee west to the Indian jj Territory, which is present-day Oklahoma. Many died along the way; the journey is referred to as. 58

59 59

60 Mnemonics for Jackson and Polk Jackson s Presidency KNICKS Killing of the BUS Nullification Crisis Indian removal Creation of 2-Party System Kitchen Cabinet Spoils System Manifest Destiny - TOM Texas Oregon Mexican Cession Polk's "Jacksonian" program - COIL California Oregon Independent Treasury System Lower Tariff 1828 Tariff of Abominations is passed Calhoun argues the case for states rights 1832 second tariff bill passed South Carolina legislators declare tariffs of 1828 and 1832 void in South Carolina President Jackson signs the Force Bill Question: The events in this list relate to the nullification crisis that took place during Andrew Jackson s presidency. How did South Carolinians respond to the tariffs of 1828 and 1832? a) South Carolinians supported both tariffs because they meant lower prices for the manufactured goods. b) South Carolinians opposed both tariffs because they meant higher prices for manufactured goods. c) South Carolinians disagreed with the tariffs but were willing to compromise with the North. d) South Carolinians wanted the federal government to delay action on enforcing the tariffs. Question: According to the data list, President Andrew Jackson a) threatened to use military force to make South Carolina respect acts of Congress. b) opposed Congress and supported South Carolina s stand on tariffs. c) Let South Carolina nullify the Constitution d) criticized South Carolina s nullification of tariff legislation but refused to take military action. 60

61 Question: According to the graphs, which state had the largest percentage of female textile-mill workers in 1831? a) Delaware b) Pennsylvania c) Rhode Island d) Massachusetts Question: Acording to the graphs, which state had the smallest number of female textile-mill workers in 1831? a) Delaware b) Pennsylvania c) Rhode Island d) Massachusetts Question: What development immediately followed the Texan victory at the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836? a) Santa Anna made Texas a Mexican province. b) Texas became an independent republic. c) The United States annexed Texas. d) American settlers were forced to leave Texas. Question: Which of the following statements about the Oregon Trail is correct? a) Most of the people who traveled the Oregon Trail were mountain men and fur trappers. b) Most settlers who traveled along the Oregon Trail banded together in wagon trains for protection. c) The deaths of the Whitmans, who were missionaries in Oregon, discouraged many people from settling in Oregon. d) Reports of hardships in Oregon convinced many settlers to take the Santa Fe Trail to the Southwest, instead of the Oregon Trail. 61

62 Reform And the Arts Multiple Choice Question: Which was an important effect of the Second Great Awakening? a) Andrew Jackson was elected President. b) President Jackson refused to renew the National Bank. c) Protestant Evangelicals sought to end slavery and achieve other reforms. d) Congress supported the First Amendment separating Church and state. Question: What was one major impact of this novel? =============> a) The profits from book sales funded early labor organizations. b) Congress was inspired to pass laws outlawing the abuse of slaves. c) The Supreme Court overturned fugitive slave laws. d) Support grew for the abolitionist movement. 62

63 Question: Which is a characteristic of the free enterprise system? a) Most private property is held in common b) Government officials make most economic decisions c) There is a general agreement on all tax policies. d) Individuals enjoy freedom to produce and buy most goods and services. Question: Which set of events is in the correct chronological order? a) Seneca Falls Convention-> Indian Removal Act-> Trail of Tears-> First Great Awakening b) War of 1812-> Trail of Tears -> Seneca Falls Convention-> Indian Removal Act c) Lewis and Clark Expedition-> Indian Removal Act-> Trail of Tears _> Seneca Falls Convention d) Boston Massacre-> Indian Removal Act-> Trail of Tears -> Purchase of Louisiana From France Question: In the 1840s, thousands of Irish immigrants came to the United States seeking to escape- a) A civil war between Protestants and Catholics b) A famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop c) A series of violent conflicts between the British and Irish governments d) A series of smallpox epidemics Question: The primary goal of the American Temperance Society was to- a) Ban the spread of slavery to new territories b) Decrease the consumption of alcohol c) Gain the release of mentally ill people from prisons d) Create a self-sufficient utopian society Question: Which of these was an effect of the Industrial Revolution on U.S. women in the early nineteenth century? a) Women in unions gained bargaining power with employers b) The government passed laws to improve safety for women in the workplace c) Women seeking work migrated from rural communities to cities. d) State governments called conventions in support of women s suffrage. 63

64 Question: A tourist would most likely go to the location shown on the map to visit- a) The Elizabeth Cady Stanton House in Women s Rights National Historical Park b) Historic Jamestown in Colonial National Historical Park c) Independence Hall in Independence National Historical Park d) George Washington s Headquarters in Valley Forge National Historical Park Question: The growth of railroads during the nineteenth century affected U.S. businesses by- a) Discouraging Congress from instituting tariffs b) Increasing the cost of raw materials c) Decreasing the wages of unskilled workers d) Opening new markets for goods Question: This painting shared a common theme with which literary work? a) The Tell-Tale Heart, by Edgar Allan Poe b) The Scarlett Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne c) Paul Revere s Ride, By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow d) Nature, by Ralph Waldo Emerson 64

65 Identify if the term is a PUSH or a PULL factor: Population Growth Freedom Agriculture changes Abundant Land Crop Failures Industrial Revolution Economic Opportunity Religious and Political Turmoil Explain the difference between a PUSH factor and a PULL factor. Short Answer How might their backgrounds have motivated Dorothea Dix and Horace Mann to become leaders in reform movements? 65

66 How did Mrs. Auld unknowingly help Douglass become an abolitionist leader? Explain. Sketch a picture influenced by the Hudson River School. 66

67 Fill in the Blank- Harriet Tubman Horace Mann Prejudice Harriet Beecher Stowe Dorothea Dix Nativist Elizabeth Cady Stanton Transcendentalism Abolition Hudson River School famine Underground Railroad 1. An escaped slave who became a Conductor on the Underground Railroad and helped over 300 slaves to freedom in the North. 2. The movement to end slavery. 3. Native-born Americans who wanted to eliminate foreign influence. 4. A group of painters influenced by romanticism who painted lush natural landscapes. 5. Organized the Seneca Falls Convention creating the Women s Rights Movement in the United States. 6. An active member of the anti-slavery movement who wrote Uncle Tom s Cabin. 7. A philosophy that taught the spiritual world is more important than the physical world. 8. Pushed for education reform and hounded legislators to provide more money for education so school would be available to more children. 9. A negative opinion that is not based on facts. 10. Her efforts improved the conditions for the mentally ill and prisoners. 11. A serve food shortage. 12. An actual aboveground series of escape routes for escaped slaves from the South to the North. Primary v. Secondary Sources Give examples for both primary sources and secondary sources. Primary Sources Secondary Sources 67

68 Causes of the Civil War and Civil War Causes Civil War

69 Key People Harriet Beecher Stowe Stephen Douglas John Wilkes Booth John Brown Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee Stonewall Jackson William Carney William T. Sherman Philip Bazaar 1. President of the U. S. during Civil War 2. President of the Confederacy 3. Commanding general of the Union Army at the end of the Civil War. 4. Commanding general of the Confederate Army at the end of the Civil War. 5. Abolitionist who wrote Uncle Tom s Cabin 6. Assassinated Abraham Lincoln 7. Abolitionist who led the raid on Harper s Ferry. 8. Took part in attack on Ft Wagner. 1 st African American to receive the Medal of Honor 9. Hispanic member of U.S. Navy, received Medal of Honor. 10. Regarded as one of the greatest Confederate generals. 11. Union general who marched across Georgia employing Total War. 12. Debated with Lincoln over slavery 69

70 Key Events Compromise of 1850 and the Fugitive Slave Act 1. To please the North, California would be admitted as a free state, and the slave trade would be abolished in Washington D. C. 2. To please the South, Congress would not pass laws on slavery in territories won in the War with Mexico, and congress would pass a stronger law to help slaveholders capture runaway slaves. 1. How did Uncle Tom s Cabin further divide North and South? 70

71 1. Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act please Southerners but anger Northerners? Questions: 1. Why did the Dred Scott case make the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional? 2. What was the overall impact of the Dred Scott case? 71

72 Use quotes from Lincoln s speech to help you answer the next two questions: 1. What is the main idea behind Lincoln s first inaugural address? 2. What is Lincoln s stance on slavery at the time of his election? 72

73 1. Who was Julia Ward Howe? 2. What was the importance of the Gettysburg Address? 3. What was the main focus of Lincoln s SECOND inaugural address? 73

74 Directions: Complete the timeline: Date--- Event 1. Lincoln elected, South Carolina secedes. 2. April 12, September Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation 5. July Vicksburg falls splitting the confederacy in two. 7. April 9, April 14,

75 Complete the Battle Chart below: Civil War Battle Chart When Where Generals North/South Who Won Importance Extra Info. Fort Sumter Bull Run Antietam Vicksburg Gettysburg Question: What was one major impact of this novel? ===========> a) The profits from book sales funded early labor organizations. b) Congress was inspired to pass laws outlawing the abuse of slaves. c) The Supreme Court overturned fugitive slave laws. d) Support grew for the abolitionist movement. Question: Which of the following was a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854? a) Fighting broke out between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in Kansas. b) Kansas entered the Union as a slave state through popular sovereignty in c) Nebraskan settlers who supported abolition moved to Kansas. d) The boundary established by the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was extended farther south. 75

76 Question: After General Robert E. Lee s surrender at Appomattox Court House, the main priority of the United States was to a) elect a new president and vice president b) complete construction of the Capitol c) establish Union forts in the former Confederate states d) implement a plan to bring Confederate states back into the Union We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature. Abraham Lincoln, first inaugural address, 1861 Question: Which idea does President Lincoln express in this excerpt? A) The Union exists only through the consent of sovereign states. B) The Union requires a nationwide decision on slavery. C) The Union matters more than current disagreements between states. D) The Union will be preserved through military force if necessary. Question: The Union general who accepted the surrender of Robert E. Lee s Confederate army at Appomattox Court House was a) Ambrose Burnside b) George McClellan c) Ulysses S. Grant d) William T. Sherman Question: These people served as public officials during the Civil War. Which of the following matches is incorrect? a) Jefferson Davis secretary of state for the Confederacy b) Ulysses S. Grant commander of the Union army c) Robert E. Lee commander of the Confederate army d) Abraham Lincoln president of the United States Question: The Battle of Vicksburg was important in the Civil War because it.. a) allowed the Confederate army to seize Washington, D.C. b) broke the Union blockade along the Gulf of Mexico c) enabled the Confederate army to seek French assistance d) gave the Union army control of the Mississippi River 76

77 Use the excerpt and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question. Excerpt from Lincoln s Second Inaugural Address With malice (hatred) toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace. Question: The speech above shows that Lincoln believed that the South should a) be allowed to continue the practice of slavery b) pay for the damages suffered by the Union c) receive fair treatment after the war d) be punished for seceding from the Union Question: One of the most popular and influential American novels of the 1800s was Harriet Beecher Stowe s Uncle Tom s Cabin. It addresses the topic of a) women s suffrage b) industry c) slavery d) westward movement So you re the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war! ---- Abraham Lincoln to Harriet Beecher Stowe 1862 Question: To which book is President Lincoln referring in the excerpt above? a) Uncle Tom s Cabin b) The Wealth of Nations c) Democracy in America d) McGuffey s Eclectic Reader Question: What was a major effect of the 1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford decision? a) Southerners were upset by the federal government s disregard of states rights. b) Stephen Douglas abandoned his support for popular sovereignty. c) Abraham Lincoln gained national recognition because he wrote the decision. d) Northerners were angered because the decision could extend slavery into territories. 77

78 Question: The poster above was printed after passage of the Fugitive Slave Act in What conclusion can be made about the consequences of this law? a) Northern law enforcement officials would attempt to capture runaway slaves. b) Northern law enforcement officials would not be interested in capturing runaway slaves. c) Northerners were more likely than southerners to approve of the capture of runaway slaves. d) Southerners would be forced to capture runaway slaves. Question: Which two individuals received a Congressional Medal of Honor for their service to the nation in the Civil War? a) Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee b) William Carney and Philip Bazaar c) Stonewall Jackson and Hiram Rhodes Revels d) Dred Scott and Stephen Douglas Question: Which issue did the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act all concern? a) The extension of slavery in the western territories b) The placement of tariffs on foreign imports c) Expansion west and the transcontinental railroad d) The distribution of frontier lands 78

79 Question: Where did the Civil War begin? a) Antietam b) Gettysburg c) Ft Sumter d) Appomattox Courthouse Question: What slaves were freed by the Emancipation Proclamation? a) All Slaves b) Only slaves living in the Confederacy c) Slaves in the border states. d) Slaves in both Confederacy and border states. Question: Where did Lee surrender to Grant ending the Civil War? a) Vicksburg, MS. b) Gettysburg, PA. c) Appomattox Courthouse, VA. d) Washington D. C. Question: What was the result of the Battle of Antietam? a) It led to Lincoln issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. b) It was an important naval victory for the Union c) It allowed the Union to capture the Confederate capitol d) It ended the Civil War Question: Which event led directly to the secession of several Southern states from the Union? a) violence in Kansas over the spread of slavery b) election of Abraham Lincoln as president c) publication of Uncle Tom s Cabin d) raid by John Brown at Harpers Ferry Question: What three day battle is considered a turning point of the Civil War? a) 1 st Bull Run b) Fort Sumter c) Appomattox Courthouse d) Richmond 79

80 Reconstruction 80

81 81

82 Matching- Key Terms- Radical Republicans Freeman s Bureau Black Codes Civil Rights Sharecropping Compromise of 1877 Morrill Act Reconstruction Act of 1867 Ten-Percent Ku Klux Klan Fill in the Blank 1. Congressional Republicans believed President Lincoln's so-called " Plan" for Reconstruction was much too lenient toward the former Confederate states. 2. Founded in 1866, the extended into almost every southern state by 1870 and became a vehicle for white southern resistance to the Republican Party s Reconstruction-era policies aimed at establishing political and economic equality for blacks. 3. The are laws that had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt. 4. Under the system, a worker rented a plot of land to farm. The landowner provided the tools, seed, and housing. 5. are the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality. 6. The are a group of congressmen who favored using federal power to create a new order in the South and to promote full citizenship for freed African Americans. 7. As a result of the Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina became Democratic once again, effectively marking the end of the Reconstruction era. 8. The provided each state with 30,000 acres of Federal land for each member in their Congressional delegation (land for colleges). 9. The was a federal agency that set up schools and hospitals for African Americans and distributed clothes, food, and fuel throughout the South. 10. The organized the south into 5 military districts, and the states had to have a military leader from the North. 82

83 Reconstruction Amendments 83

84 Multiple Choices: 1. During the Reconstruction period, an important objective of congressional action was to A. Destroy the economy of the South B. Restore pre-civil War conditions to the South C. Maintain Republican domination of the national Government D. Develop two equal political parties in the South 2. In their plans for Reconstruction, both President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson sought to A. Punish the South for starting the Civil War B. Force the Southern States to pay reparations to the Federal Government C. Establish the Republican Party as the only political party in the South D. Allow the Southern States to reenter the nation as quickly as possible 3. Man Southern States tried to limit the effects of Radical Reconstruction by A. Adopting federal laws mandating segregation B. Enacting Jim Crow Laws C. Abolishing the Southern sharecropping system D. Securing passage of new amendments to the United States Constitution 4. The provision of the Radical Republicans plan for Reconstruction that Southern States found most objectionable was that a former Confederate State could not be readmitted to the Union unless that State A. Gave land and money to former slaves B. Granted full citizenship to former Confederate leaders C. Ratified the 14 th amendment D. Agreed to modernize its economy 5. After Reconstruction, white Southerners who supported the Northern view of government were called A. Loyalists B. Scalawags C. Carpetbaggers D. Rebels 6. During Reconstruction, the Black Codes passed by Southern states were attempts to A. Provide land to former slaves B. Punish former Confederate leaders C. Repeal the Jim Crow laws D. Deny equal rights to African Americans 7. What as a major goal of the Dawes Act (1887)? A. To provide a tribal legislature to govern all reservations B. To remove the Cherokees from the southeastern United States 84

85 C. To strengthen Native American Indian tribal unity D. To encourage assimilation of Native American Indians 8. The U.S. Congress passed the Reconstruction Act on March 2, 1867 that divided the South into five military districts controlled by marital law. It also had an effect on voting and state constitutions. What was its impact on the voting issue? A. It proclaimed universal manhood suffrage B. It granted Citizenship to newly freed slaves C. It allowed all freed slaves the right to vote D. It superseded the 13 th Amendment 9. After the Civil War, in the South, which of these rights were often denied to freed slaves? I. The right to assemble II. The Right to a fair jury trial III. The right to purchase land IV. The right to vote V. The right to public education A. II and IV only B. I and III only C. II, III, and IV only D. All of the above 10. A belief In Manifest Destiny, the passage of the Dawes Act, and the completion of the transcontinental railroad are most closely associated with the A. Expansion and settlement of the West B. Rise of big business C. Growth of the labor movement D. Abolitionist movement 85

86 86

87 Use the chart to answer the two questions- 1. Which amendment and law are most similar? 2. Which amendment specifically protects voting rights? Fill in the Solution with the correct answer- 87

88 INTERPRETING PRIMARY SOURCES This political cartoon shows the effect of the Ku Klux Klan on African-American families in the South. Study the cartoon carefully and then answer the questions. 1. Based on the cartoon, what were the goals of the Ku Klux Klan? 2. Does the image reflect any bias on the part of the artist? Explain. 88