Washington s Presidency

Transcription

1 Q3 Vocab

2 Washington s Presidency George Washington: 1st President of the US New York City: 1st capital of the US Precedent: an action or decision that serves as a later example Inaugural: the beginning, the first of a series Debt: money owed to someone Alexander Hamilton: Secretary of the Treasury Thomas Jefferson: Secretary of State

3 National Bank: part of Hamilton s economic plan as a place to deposit government money and to make loans to the government and businesses Washington s Presidency Democratic-Republican: popular in the South/West; limited power of the federal gov t Federalist: popular in the North; wanted gov t to promote industry & trade Political Party: group that shares the same ideas about how gov t should run Strict Construction: what is actually written in the Constitution Loose Construction: Constitution is open to interpretation; does not have to be written in the Constitution Elastic Clause: gov t can take any necessary action needed

4 Pinckney s Treaty: agreement with Spain over Florida and use of the Mississippi River Washington s Presidency Whiskey Rebellion: protest in western PA that proved the Constitution was stronger than the Articles of Confederation Farewell Address: Washington s final advice on foreign affairs, debt, and political parties Citizen Genet: French man who suggested Americans to overthrow GW when he refused to support France s war v. Great Britain Isolationism: avoiding involvement in the affairs of foreign countries Neutrality Proclamation: Washington s policy not to interfere with European issues Jay s Treaty: agree with Britain that addressed ships being attacked and forts in the West

5 Adams Presidency John Adams: 2nd President of the US Washington DC: permanent capital of the US; reached in compromise between the North and South XYZ Affair: France attempted to bribe the US to stop attacking US ships; US refused Alien Act: a law that allowed the President to remove foreign citizens from the country Sedition Act: a law that US citizens may not plot or say anything bad about the country KY & VA Resolutions: response by the states to the Alien & Sedition acts that state governments can ignore any federal law they believe to be unconstitutional

6 Jefferson s Presidency 12th Amendment: elect the Vice President separately (not who came in 2nd place) Louisiana Purchase: US purchased land from the Mississippi River to the ROcky Mts from France for $15 million Lewis & Clark: expedition sent to explore the Louisiana Purchase Sacagawea: Native American female critical to Lewis & Clark s journey Marbury v. Madison: established judicial review; gives judicial branch equal place among the 3 branches John Marshall: Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during Marbury v. Madison

7 War of 1812 Tecumseh: Native-American; leader of the Shawnee tribe; sided with the British Canada: British-owned, US wanted control of the country and Great Lakes area James Madison: 4th President of the US War Hawks: members of Congress who wanted to declare war on Britain Northwest Territory: British occupied forts (never left this area) - Violated Treaty of Paris and Jay s Treaty Impressment: Forcing people to serve in the army or navy Britain: fought against the US in the War of 1812

8 War of 1812 Battle for Lake Erie: battle with British; US won Oliver Hazzard Perry: US Naval Captain in the Battle for Lake Erie Battle of Thames: battle in Southern Canada where Tecumseh was killed; US won Battle of Bladensburg: Americans ran allowing the British to march into Washington DC USS Constitution/Old Ironsides: US Naval Ship Dolley Madison: wife of James Madison; saved GW painting in White House Invasion of Washington DC: British invade and set the White House and most of the city on fire

9 War of 1812 Battle of Baltimore: US victory stopped British from moving North Francis Scott Key: wrote the Star Spangled Banner Star Spangled Banner: written by Francis Scott Key while on a ship in the Baltimore Harbor Fort McHenry: where the Battle of Baltimore took place Andrew Jackson: US General in Battle of Horseshoe Bend and Battle of New Orleans

10 War of 1812/Andrew Jackson Battle of Horseshoe Bend: US victory over Native Americans that made Andrew Jackson popular Battle of New Orleans: US victory after the War; led by Andrew Jackson Monroe Doctrine: warned European countries not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere Jacksonian Democracy: increasing the power of the common man in gov t Era of Good Feelings: time period of peace and prosperity after the War of 1812

11 Andrew Jackson American System: plan to use tariffs to spend money on improvements in the US, like roads and canals Henry Clay: proposed the American system to create a stronger national economy Protective Tariff: high tax on imported goods to protect American businesses Nullification Crisis: South Carolina refused to enforce the protective tariff; Jackson threatened military action Worcester v. Georgia: Supreme Court case that ruled in favor of the Cherokee; ignored by Andrew Jackson Trail of Tears: forced march of the Cherokee tribe that killed thousands