7.5 NOTES George Washington ( )

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1 7.5 NOTES George Washington ( ) I. Precedents A. examples that later people will follow B. EVERYTHING Washington Did set a precedent C. Examples: 1. cabinet 2. 2 terms 3. acted royally II. Cabinet A. President s advisors 1.Secretary of State a. Thomas Jefferson 2. Secretary of the Treasury b. Alexander Hamilton III. Neutrality Proclamation (1793) A. U.S. would not support France or Britain in the war IV. Whiskey Rebellion A. uprising of Pennsylvania farmers B. Washington threatened to send the military to put it down C. Showed the government was strong enough to deal with problems V. Farewell Address A. avoid entangling alliances B. avoid political parties 1

2 Hamilton s Economic Plan 1. Reducing the National Debt A. huge national debt B. people bought bonds during the war C. speculators bought government bonds D. Shall bonds be repaid? E. Hamilton vs. Madison (compromise) 1. capital in South 2. bonds repaid 2. Plans to rebuild the economy A. Bank of the United States 1. Government deposited money from taxes in the bank 2. Issued paper money to pay government bills 3. Loans to farmers and businesses B. Tariff 1. Tax on foreign goods 2. High tax to make foreign goods more expensive 3. North (factories) liked 4. South (farmers) didn t imported goods 2

3 Political Parties 1789 Political Parties are groups of people with the same political beliefs. The beginning of political parties in the U.S. was the struggle for ratification of the Constitution. The two political parties and their beliefs are shown below. Federalists For the Constitution Wanted a strong central government Led by Hamilton, Madison, Jay Antifederalists Against the Constitution Wanted strong state governments Led by Patrick Henry After the ratification of the Constitution, the parties sort of fell apart. The people with these beliefs were still there and when Washington was President, the groups reunited with the following beliefs 3

4 Federalists Democratic- Republicans Led by Alexander Hamilton Believed wealthy and educated should lead the nation Strong central government Favored business Favored loose interpretation of the Constitution Pro-British Favored national bank Favored protective tariff Formerly the Antifederalists Also known as Republicans Led by Thomas Jefferson People should have more political power Strong state governments Emphasized agriculture Favored strict interpretation of the Constitution Pro-French Opposed national bank Opposed protective tariff Loose interpretation of the Constitution means that they believed that if the Constitution didn t say they couldn t do something then they felt they could do it. Strict interpretation of the Constitution meant that they believed they could only do something if the Constitution specifically said they could do it. During John Adams presidency, the Federalists split into 2 groups. 4

5 Marbury v. Madison Additional Information 1. Marbury vs. Madison (1803) Jefferson was President established Judicial Review Supreme Court can declare acts unconstitutional 5

6 6

7 Louisiana Purchase Recommended reading - pages Year: 1803 President: Thomas Jefferson City that made the purchase necessary: New Orleans Price: $15 million Ruler bought from: Napoleon Country bought from: France Price Per Acre: 3 cents per acre What it did to the size of the United States: doubled it Explorers of the territory: Lewis and Clark Native American Guide: Sacajawea Years of voyage:

8 War of What were the causes of the war? The main cause of the war was the impressment of American sailors by the British. The British captured Americans and made them serve in their navy. War Hawks also helped cause the war. These were people from the South and West who wanted the war. They showed great nationalism or pride in their country. 2. Described how Andrew Jackson achieved fame in the war? He won the Battles at Horseshoe Bend and New Orleans. 3. What were the results of the war? Nothing. Conditions returned to how they were before the war began. Because of this the war was often called "the wasted war." People also called the war Mr. Madison s War because they thought James Madison got us involved in the war unnecessarily. *** Francis Scott Key - He wrote The Star- Spangled Banner. *** Monroe Doctrine and Era of Good Feelings James Monroe was our 5th president. During Monroe's presidency, the country was very peaceful, there were no wars and political parties played a small role. This time period was known as the Era of Good Feelings. Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine in It said: European nations should not get involved in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. 8

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