STR QUESTIONS US HISTORY

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1 STR QUESTIONS US HISTORY Review 1.During what time period did Western Expansion occur? late 1800s-early 1900s 2.What three industries led to the expansion of the West? mining, ranching, farming 3.This animal provided most of the food and many supplies for Plains Indians. Buffalo 4.What were the series of battles fought throughout the American West between the Indians and US army? Indian Wars 5.What was the name of the tragic massacre in Colorado where over 200 unarmed Indians promised protection were killed? Sand Creek Massacre 6.What was the name of the Battle in which General Custer and his men lost their lives? Little Big Horn 1

2 Review 7.This battle officially ended the Indian Wars. Battle of Wounded Knee 8.What was the name of Helen Hunt Jackson s book that chronicled the mistreatment of Indians by the US government and army? A Century of Dishonor 9.Which Act gave land to Native Americans in an attempt to make them farmers and land owners? Dawes Act 10.What was the forcing of Indians to live as white Americans? Assimilation 11.What was the moving of cattle from grazing fields to stockyards called? Long drive Review 12.What was the most famous trail for long drives? Chisholm Trail 13.What was the invention that ended the open grazing fields by containing cattle? Barbed wire 14.What type of mining requires digging deep below the earth s surface? quartz 15.What type of mining uses picks, pans and shovels? placer 16.What Act provided 160 acres of land to settlers who would develop the land? Homestead Act 2

3 Review 17. During what time period did Industrialization occur? late 1800s-early 1900s 18. What is the process by which a country s economy changes from being agricultural and rural to being manufacturing and urban? Industrialization 19. What was the name of the process for making large quantities of cheap, high quality steel? Bessemer 20. What form of transportation was the most important for industrialization? Railroads Review 21. What two inventions aided the growth of railroads? Bessemer steel process and Drake s steam engine 22. What was the name of the telephone s inventor? Alexander Graham Bell 23. What was the name of the prolific American inventor known for the light bulb and the phonograph? Thomas Edison 24. Who was the American industrialist who made his fortune in the Standard Oil Co? John D. Rockefeller 3

4 Review 25. Who was the industrialist who made his fortune with US Steel? Andrew Carnegie 26. Critics of wealthy entrepreneurs like Rockefeller and Carnegie called them what? Robber barons 27. Name two conditions that led to labor unions being formed. Low wages and poor working conditions 28. Name the labor union open to all workers regardless of race, gender, or skill. Knights of Labor 29. What event hurt the reputation of many unions, especially the one listed above? Haymarket Affair Review 30. During what time period did the Gilded Age occur? late 1800s-early 1900s 31. What were the small, dark, and unsanitary apartments in industrial cities? tenements 32. What is the term for America in the late 1800 s meaning prosperous in appearance but poorer in reality? Gilded Age 33. Who began the most famous settlement house? Jane Addams 34. What were the political groups that dominated 19 th century cities? Political machines 4

5 35. What were the leaders of these groups called? Party boss 36. What was the site and name of the immigrantprocessing center on the East Coast? Ellis Island 37. What was the site and name of the immigrantprocessing center on the West Coast? Angel Island 38. What is the term for Americans opposed to immigration? Nativists 39. What was Carnegie s writing that called for rich people to give most of their money to charity? Gospel of wealth 40. What nationality of immigrants were the first to be excluded from entering the US? Chinese 41. The new immigration of the late 1800 s was made up of immigrants largely from what parts of Europe? Eastern, Southern 42. What was the movement of Christians to end poverty and help the needy? Social Gospel Movement 44. During what time period did Populism and political reform occur? late 1800s 45.. What term describes a monetary system that uses both gold and silver? Bimetallism 5

6 46. What was the political movement that wanted railroad regulation, reduced railroad rates, unlimited silver coinage, income tax, and a direct election of senators (made up mostly of farmers)? Populism 47. What was the first government agency to regulate the railroads? Interstate Commerce Commission 48. What was the first widespread farmer s political group? The Grange 49. What was the name of William Jennings Bryan s famous speech calling for bimetallism? Cross of gold speech 50. What monetary policy did Republicans support? gold standard 51. What is a tariff? Tax on imports 52. What law granted civil service jobs based on merit (performance)? Pendleton Act 6

7 53. What was the political movement led by urban reformers who sought to make government efficient and responsive called and during what time period did it occur? Progressivism, early 1900s 54. Who was the Progressive president? Teddy Roosevelt 55. What were journalists who investigated corruption and wrong use of power by businesses and government called? Muckrakers 56. What does the 16th Amendment create? Graduated federal income tax 57. The 17th Amendment allowed for direct election of whom? Senators 58.What did the 19th Amendment allow? Women were granted the right to vote 59.What did Theodore Roosevelt call his program for America? Square Deal 60.What was the breaking up of monopolies known as? Trust-busting 61.What was the title of Upton Sinclair s book that detailed the unsanitary conditions of meatpacking plants? The Jungle 7

8 62. What two laws were passed after TR read Sinclair s book? Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act 63. Who was Theodore Roosevelt s handpicked successor? William Howard Taft 64. What was the name of Theodore Roosevelt s party in the 1912 election? Bull Moose Party 65. What was the setting aside of land by the federal government? conservation 66. During what time period did Imperialism occur? late 1800s-early 1900s 67. What president is most associated with Imperialism? Teddy Roosevelt 68. What is the term for powerful countries dominating weaker countries economically, politically, and militarily? Imperialism 69. What was the US s effort to keep trade with China open to all countries? Open Door Policy 70. The taking of Hawaii by the US was largely to aid planters of what crop? Sugar cane 8

9 71. What was the method used by the NY World and NY Journal of exaggerating news stories to sell newspapers? Yellow journalism 72. What was the name of the US battleship that sunk in Havana Harbor helping to lead to the Spanish- American War? U.S.S. Maine 73. During the taking of Santiago, Cuba the US won a famous battle at which hill? San Juan Hill 74. What territory did Spain lose after the Spanish- American War? Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines 75. The US helped Panama win its independence for the right to build what? Panama Canal 76. What was TR s foreign policy? Big Stick Diplomacy 77. What statement, issued by TR, was added to the Monroe Doctrine and declared the US the policeman of Latin America? Roosevelt Corollary 78. What is Seward s Folly? the purchase of Alaska from Russia 9

10 WWI 79. Who was the US President during WWI? Woodrow Wilson 80. During what years did WWI occur? What did the WWI President call his attempt to stay out of the war? Neutrality 82. What government agency was in charge of the draft? Selective Service 83. What were the two sides during WWI? What countries fought for each side? Allies-France, Great Britain, France, Italy, United States and Central Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire 84. What did Germany use to sink enemy boats? U-boats/submarine warfare 85. What was the message from Germany to Mexico suggesting an alliance against America? U-boats/submarine warfare 86. What ocean liner was sunk, killing Americans and greatly angering the American public? Lusitania 87. What type of warfare was common on the Western Front, marked by digging of holes on both sides and no man s land in the middle? Trench warfare 10

11 88. What treaty ended WWI? Treaty of Versailles 89. What peacekeeping body was formed after WWI? League of Nations 90. What was Wilson s peace plan called? Fourteen Points 91. What governmental group voted to keep the US out of the League of Nations? Senate 92. What was the movement of black Americans from the South to the North for industrial jobs during this time? Great Migration 93. What was the fear of Communism in America called? Red Scare Get your STR study guide out 94. During what decade did the Jazz Age occur? 1920s 95. What two presidents were in office during the Jazz Age? Calvin Coolidge and Warren G. Harding 96. What is the belief that America should stay out of world affairs? Isolationism 97. What hate group reached its height in the 1920 s? KKK 98. What did Harding call his desire for America to remain peaceful and simple Normalcy 11

12 99. What did the Emergency Quota Act limit? Immigration 100. Name the greatest scandal of Harding s Presidency. Teapot Dome Scandal 101. What is the lack of governmental regulations on businesses is called? laissez faire or conservatism 102. What was the banning of alcohol manufacture and sale called? Prohibition 103. What did the 18th Amendment do? Banned alcohol 104. What did the 21st Amendment do? Repealed the ban on alcohol 105. What group became powerful by selling bootlegged liquor? Organized crime, gangs 106. What trial pitted fundamentalists and modernists against each other over evolution? Scopes Trial 107. What was the black literary and artistic movement in the 1920 s called? Harlem Renaissance 12

13 108. What was the hip and fashionable woman of the 1920 s called? Flapper 109. What new type of music emerged in the 1920 s? Jazz 110. What was the new form of home entertainment of the 1920 s? Radio WWII STR REVIEW 125. During what years did WWII occur? What law allowed the sale of weapons to countries fighting Nazi Germany? Lend-Lease Plan 127. What event made the US finally declare war during WWII? Pearl Harbor 13

14 128. What was the date for the event that caused America to declare war? December 7, What were the laws in Germany that denied Jewish people their rights? Nuremberg Laws 130. Who was the president at the beginning of WWII? FDR 131. What was the Allied invasion of Western Europe known as? D-Day 132. Who were the Axis countries of WWII? Allies? Axis-Germany, Japan, Italy and Allies-Great Britain, United States, France, Soviet Union (Russia) 133. What battle was the turning point of the War in the Pacific versus the Japanese? Midway 134. What was the US strategy to take only important Japanese islands? Island Hopping 135. What was the Manhattan Project? Construction of the atomic bomb 14

15 136. Against which city was the A-bomb first dropped? Hiroshima 137. Who ordered the A-bomb to be dropped? Truman 138. What were the trials of former Nazis? Nuremberg War Trials 139. What was the international peacekeeping organization started after WWII? United Nations GET YOUR STR QUESTIONS OUT! 140. What was the struggle for world control between the US and Soviets after WWII? Cold War 141. During what years was this aggression the most intense? Who were the three presidents during this period of aggression? Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy 143. During what decade does this aggression finally end? 1990 s 15

16 144. What was the union between the Soviet Union and its satellite nations called? Warsaw Pact 145. What did Winston Churchill call the imaginary line between communist and non-communist Europe? Iron Curtain 146. What plan gave money to rebuild Europe after WWII? Marshall Plan 147. What government plan gave money to Greece and Turkey to help them fight off communist nations? Truman Doctrine 148. What was the US defensive military alliance after WWII called? North Atlantic Treaty Organization 149. What war was fought over countries divided at the 38th Parallel? Korea 150. Which part of Korea was Communist? North Korea 151. Who was the outcome of the Korean War? No one, it was a stalemate 152. What type of government did China get after WWII? Communist 153. Who became infamous for accusing others of being Communists in the US? Senator Joseph McCarthy 16

17 154. What US couple was killed for giving bomb secrets to the Soviets? Ethel and Julius Rosenberg 155. What was the first man-made satellite to orbit the earth? Sputnik 156. What type of spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union? U What was Eisenhower s foreign policy that was willing to go to the edge of war? Brinkmanship The 1950s 158. Who were the two presidents during the 1950 s? Truman and Eisenhower 159. What bill of Congress gave veterans money to go to college? GI Bill 160. What types of communities were built around large US cities? Suburbs 161. What Eisenhower program improved transportation? Interstate Highway System 17

18 162. What new type of home entertainment became common in the 1950 s? Television 163. What new type of music became common in the 1950 s? Rock n Roll 164. What was the time of high birthrates from ? Baby boom 165. What years are referred to as the Kennedy and Johnson era? What was Kennedy s plan for America? New Frontier 167. What was the volunteer program of Kennedy? Peace Corps 168. What was the failed invasion of Cuba? Bay of Pigs 169. What country put missiles on Cuba? Soviet Union 170. What was the competition with Russia to put a man on the moon called? the Space Race 171. Who was charged with Kennedy s death? Lee Harvey Oswald 172. What was Johnson s program for America? The Great Society 18

19 173. Name two health care programs under Johnson s plan. Medicare and Medicaid 174. During what years did the Civil Rights Movement take place? What three presidents were in office during the Civil Rights Movement? Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson 176. What were the segregation laws in the South called? Jim Crow Laws 177. What Supreme Court decision made segregation legal? Plessy v. Ferguson 178. What Supreme Court decision made school segregation illegal? Brown v. Board of Education 179. What law made segregation in public places illegal? Civil Rights Act of What type of protest did Dr. King lead? nonviolent passive resistance 19

20 181. Name two ways Southern states kept blacks from voting. poll tax and literacy test 182. What was the 24th Amendment? abolished poll taxes 183. What two protest methods were used the most during the Civil Rights Movement? sit-ins and boycotts 184. What was the 1964 voting registration campaign led by SNCC in the south called? Freedom Summer 185. Name the two organizations most associated with the Civil Rights Movement. SNCC and the SCLC The Vietnam War 186. During what years did the Vietnam War take place? What two presidents held office during the Vietnam War? Johnson and Nixon 188. Which part of Vietnam did the US support? South Vietnam 189. Who led the Vietminh? Ho Chi Minh 190. What theory states that if one country falls to communism, then others will follow? Domino Theory 191.What Resolution gave Presidents Johnson and Nixon the right to fight the Vietnam War? Gulf of Tonkin Resolution 20

21 The Vietnam War 192. What was the large attack led by the North Vietnamese (occurred during the Vietnamese New Year)? Tet Offensive 193. What was the Vietcong nickname? Charlie 194. What chemical weapons were used in Vietnam? napalm and agent orange 195. What did Nixon call his plan to slowly withdraw troops from Vietnam? Vietnamization 196. What were the Geneva Accords? divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel 197. What technology enabled Americans to get information about the war in Vietnam? television Protest Era 198. During what two decades did many protests occur? 60s and 70s 199. Which amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18? 26th amendment 200. What were the programs to enforce equal hiring of minorities? affirmative action 21

22 Protest Era 201. Who was the most famous Hispanic labor leader? César Chávez 202. What movement demanded equal pay for women? Women s Movement 203. This movement s goal was to protect the air and water (environment). Ecological Movement 204. What movement was aimed at protecting Native American culture and demanded that Native Americans gained more control over their own affairs? American Indian Movement The Nixon Years 205. During what years was Nixon president? What building did five burglars break into in June, 1972? Democratic National Committee 207. Nixon became the first President to do what in 1974? resign 208. What was Nixon s reaching out to the Communist called? détente 22

23 The Nixon Years 209. What was the name of Nixon s treaty with the Soviet Union? SALT I (strategic arms limitations treaty) 210. What did OPEC do to cripple the American economy in the 1970s? stopped shipping oil to America because of its support of Israel 211. Where does most of America s foreign oil come from? Middle East The New Conservatism 212. During what decade was there a renewal of political conservatism? 1980s 213. What two presidents are associated with the new conservatism? Reagan and Bush 214. Why did Iraq invade Kuwait? for oil 215. Who was the dictator of Iraq? Saddam Hussein 23

24 The New Conservatism 216. What was the UN s response to the invasion of Kuwait? Operation Desert Storm 217. During what years did the Persian Gulf War take place? What event marked the end of the Cold War? the tearing down of the Berlin Wall 219. When did the technological revolution occur? early 1990s 220. Who was the president that was in office for most of the 1990s? Bill Clinton 221. This nickname was given to the area in California where computers were built and many high-tech jobs were available. Silicone Valley 24

USH Vocabulary From Closing the West

USH Vocabulary From Closing the West 16th Amendment 17th Amendment 18th Amendment 19th Amendment 1960 Nixon/Kennedy TV Debate 1968 Turmoil 38th Parallel Acquittal Affirmative Action Alliances Alphabet