Cultural Frames: An Analytical Model

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Albert Stanley
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1 Figure 1.1 Cultural Frames: An Analytical Model Hyper-Selectivity/ Hypo-Selectivity Ethnic Capital Tangible and Intangible Resources Host Society Public Institutional Resources The Stereotype Promise/Threat The Success Frame The Achievement Paradox Second-Generation Outcomes (Socioeconomic vs. Psychological) Source: Authors conceptualization.

2 Figure 2.1 Immigrant Selectivity: Chinese, Vietnamese, and Mexican Immigrants Age Twenty-Five and Older with a Bachelor s Degree or Higher % 40 Percentage 30 Non-Hispanic Whites 31% 28% 28% 28% 20 23% Non-Hispanic Blacks 18% 17% % 5% 5% Chinese Vietnamese Mexican BA Degree or Higher in Country of Origin BA Degree or Higher in Foreign-Born Coethnics in the United States BA Degree or Higher in General U.S. Population Source: Authors compilation based on U.S. Census Bureau (2010a).

3 Figure 2.2 Geographic Distribution of the Chinese Population in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 2010 % Chinese, 2010 Census Tract Source: Authors compilation based on U.S. Census Bureau (2010b).

4 Figure 2.3 Geographic Distribution of the Vietnamese Population in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 2010 % Vietnamese, 2010 Census Tract Source: Authors compilation based on U.S. Census Bureau (2010b).

5 Figure 2.4 Holders of a Bachelor s Degree or Higher Among 1.5- and Second-Generation Chinese, Vietnamese, and Mexicans, as Well as Third-Plus-Generation Mexicans, Blacks, and Whites with Fathers and Mothers Who Do Not Have a High School Diploma and Second-Generation Third-Plus-Generation 60 Percentage Chinese Vietnamese Mexican Native Mexican Native Black Native White All Both Parents Without a High School Diploma Source: Rumbaut et al. (2004).

6 Figure 2.5 Geographic Distribution of the Chinese and Vietnamese Interviewees in the L.A. Qualitative Study in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region Chinese, 2010 Census Tract 10% or above Vietnamese, 2010 Census Tract 10% or above Chinese Interviewees (1 Triangle = 1) Vietnamese Interviewees (1 Dot = 1) Source: Lee and Zhou (2009). For more details of the study, see note 17, chapter 1.

7 Table 2.1 Selected Characteristics of the New Second Generation in Los Angeles Characteristics Demographic characteristics Female 1.5- and Second-Generation Third-Plus-Generation Chinese Vietnamese Mexican Mexican Black White 43.5% 49.9% 49.7% 52.0% 53.7% 50.6% 1.5 generation Second generation Parental characteristics Father with no English proficiency Mother with no English proficiency Father with no high school diploma Mother with no high school diploma Neither parent with a high school diploma Father with a bachelor s degree or higher Mother with a bachelor s degree or higher Parent ever been undocumented Parent ever remitting money to home country (Table continues on p. 40.)

8 Table 2.1 (Continued) 1.5- and Second-Generation Third-Plus-Generation Characteristics Chinese Vietnamese Mexican Mexican Black White Family situation Parents own a home Both parents married Grew up living with both parents Have college-educated siblings Neighborhood environment Grew up where drugs are a big problem Grew up where gang activity is a big problem Grew up where crime is a big problem Total in sample Source: Rumbaut et al. (2004).

9 Table 2.2 Mobility Outcomes of the New Second Generation in Los Angeles Outcomes 1.5- and Second-Generation Third-Plus-Generation Chinese Vietnamese Mexican Mexican Black White Median age 27.0% 25.0% 28.0% 29.0% 31.0% 30.0% Positive outcomes Educational attainment No high school diploma High school diploma Some college Bachelor s degree Graduate degree(s) Current school enrollment Currently enrolled in school Vocational school Community college Four-year college Graduate school Negative outcomes Having children as a teen Incarceration Total in sample Source: Rumbaut et al. (2004)

10 Table 2.3 A Profile of Interviewees from the L.A. Qualitative Study 1.5- and Second- Generation Chinese 1.5- and Second- Generation Vietnamese 1.5- and Second- Generation Mexican a Native-Born Black b Male (number) Mean age (year) Native-Born White b Generation (number) 1.5 generation Second generation Education (self) No high school diploma 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 0.0% High school graduate or some college Bachelor s degree Graduate degree(s) College attendance (self) Attended junior college Attended four-year college Attended graduate school (Table continues on p. 48.)

11 Table 2.3 (Continued) 1.5- and Second- Generation Chinese Education (parents) Father with no English Mother with no English Father with no high school diploma Father with college degree or higher Mother with no high school diploma Mother with college degree or higher Parents own home Total number of cases Source: Lee and Zhou (2009), and see chapter 1, note 17. a. One Mexican case and one black case have no respondent ID. b. Native-born whites and blacks are of middle-class family background and Second- Generation Vietnamese 1.5- and Second- Generation Mexican a Native-Born Black b Native-Born White b

12 Figure 3.1 Self-Reports of Receiving Mostly A s in High School Among Male and Female 1.5-, Second-, and Third-Plus-Generation Immigrant Children, by Ethnic Group and Second-Generation Third-Plus-Generation Percentage Chinese Vietnamese Mexican Mexican Black White All Female Only Source: Rumbaut et al. (2004).

SECTION 1. Demographic and Economic Profiles of California s Population

SECTION 1. Demographic and Economic Profiles of California s Population SECTION 1 Demographic and Economic Profiles of s Population s population has special characteristics compared to the United States as a whole. Section 1 presents data on the size of the populations of