Illegal Immigration: How Should We Deal With It?

Transcription

1

2 Illegal Immigration: How Should We Deal With It?

3 Polling Question 1: Providing routine healthcare services to illegal Immigrants 1. Is a moral/ethical responsibility 2. Legitimizes illegal behavior 3. Is a burden on taxpayers pockets 4. Reduces emergency healthcare costs

4 Polling Question 2: What do you think is the greatest impact of illegal immigration? 1. Deterioration of middle class 2. Depletion of resources (i.e., housing, healthcare) 3. An increase in consumer spending 4. A steady workforce willing to perform low-paying jobs

5 Polling Question 3: Spending money on education of illegal immigrants 1. Takes away from U.S. citizens (i.e., affects class size, teachers salaries, etc.) 2. Reduces crime 3. Educates parents through children

6 Population Growth CA vs. U.S. Percent Change, Year Ago Percent Change, Year Ago 3.0 California (L) 1.60 United States (R)

7 California Population Estimates 2000 (census) Population 33,871,648 Foreign-born population 8,864,255 Share of foreign-born 26.2% 2025 (est.) Projected population 46,801, (est.) 36,132,147 10,280, % 2050 (est.) 82,183,113

8 California Foreign Population Naturalized U.S. citizens (2000 census) Legal immigrant admission (FY 96 FY 05) Refugee admission (2001) Illegal alien population (IFAIR estimate 2005) 3,473,266 2,188,655 10,143 2,778,800

9 Foreign-Born Population California, 2004 Millions % 7% 0 Unauthorized Immigrants Foreign-Born Population (Immigrants) Total Population

10 Change of CA s Share of Immigrant Population 1990 vs Percent of U.S Foreign-Born Unauthorized Immigrants

11 Age Distribution of Immigrants 2003 Percent of Immigrants 100 Legal Immigrants to CA Unauthorized Immigrants to U.S Age 0-17 Age Age 40+

12 International Immigration Growth CA vs. U.S. Percent Change, Year Ago California United States

13 Immigrants Admitted to California As % Share of Total U.S., Percent US $Billions 45 Immigrants (L) 1800 Real State GDP (R)

14 Immigrants Admitted by State of Intended Residence Top 15 States, 2004 Thousands Percent 300 Immigrants Admitted - Level (L) Immigrants Admitted as % Share of U.S. Total (R) NY FL IL VA WA MI GA CA TX NJ MA MD AZ PA CT

15 Unauthorized Immigrant Population Average of Estimates, All Others, 30% CA, 24% NC, 3% IL, 4% NJ, 4% AZ, 5% NY, 7% TX, 14% FL, 9%

16 Size of Unauthorized Population Unauthorized Population (300,000-2,300,000) Unauthorized Population (200, ,000) Unauthorized Population ( 55, ,000) Unauthorized Population (<35,000)

17 Unauthorized Population As % of Total Unauthorized Immigrant Population Percent Million CA NY TX FL IL NJ All Other

18 Estimated Unauthorized Population As % of Total Unauthorized Immigrant Population, % Unauthorized (40-54%) % Unauthorized (30-39%) % Unauthorized (20-29%) % Unauthorized (<20%)

19 Children of Illegal Immigrants in California in Schools Share of kindergarten to 12th grade students Annual cost to PTA parents and taxpayers Cost Equivalent 15% US $2.2 billion Salaries of 14% of CA s teachers (41,764 teachers)

20 Trend Down for Legal Permanent Residents in the U.S. Unauthorized Exceed LPRs Thousands Legal Permanent Residents Unauthorized Migrants Legal Temporary Migrants

21 Estimated Costs of Educating Children of Illegal Immigrants 2004 US$ Billions 8 6 Illegal Alien Students U.S. Born Children of Illegal Immigrants Total CA TX NY IL NJ FL GA NC AZ

22 Estimated Federal Taxes by Household, 2002 The U.S., The High Cost of Cheap Labor Households Headed All Other Illegals as a % Taxes Paid by Illegal Aliens Households of National Total Income Tax $1,371 $7, % Social Security $1,687 $4, % Medicare2 $446 $1, % Unemployment $83 $ % Corporate Income Tax $84 $1, % Excise and Other Taxes $541 $1, % Total Tax Payments $4,212 $15, %

23 Estimated Federal Costs by Household, 2002 The U.S., The High Cost of Cheap Labor Households Headed All Other Illegals as a % Costs by Illegal Aliens Households of National Total Social Security & Medicare $289 $5, % Cash Welfare Programs $40 $ % Food Assistance Welfare Programs $499 $ % Medicaid $658 $1, % Other Non-Cash Welfare Programs $182 $ % Treatment for Uninsured $591 $ % Other Transfers to Households $442 $ % Federal Education $371 $ % Federal Prisons/Courts & INS $760 $ % All Other Expenses $3,115 $3, % Subtotal $6,949 $11, % Defense/Veterans $0 $3, % Total Costs (with Defense) $6,949 $15, % Fiscal Balance (Taxes - Costs) -$2,736 -$1 -

24 Estimated Federal Taxes of Legalizing Illegal Aliens, 2002 The U.S., The High Cost of Cheap Labor Households Headed Legalized Immigrants Taxes Paid by Illegal Aliens (All Legal Immigrants) Income Tax $1,371 $3,252 Social Security $1,687 $3,571 Medicare1 $446 $923 Unemployment $83 $171 Corporate Income Tax $84 $481 Excise and Other Taxes $541 $795 Total Tax Payments $4,212 $9,194

25 Estimated Federal Costs of Legalizing Illegal Aliens, 2002 The U.S., The High Cost of Cheap Labor Households Headed Legalized Immigrants Costs by Illegal Aliens (All Legal Immigrants) Social Security & Medicare $289 $4,196 Cash Welfare Programs $40 $803 Food Assistance Welfare Programs $499 $709 Medicaid $658 $2,936 Other Non-Cash Welfare Programs $182 $484 Treatment for Uninsured $591 $374 Other Transfers to Households $442 $1,752 Federal Education $371 $513 Federal Prisons/Courts & INS $760 $333 All Other Expenses $3,115 $3,115 Subtotal $6,949 $15,215 Defense/Veterans $0 $0 Total Costs (with Defense) $6,949 $15,215 Fiscal Balance (Taxes - Costs) -$2,736 -$6,022

26 Illegal Immigrants California, 2004 Outlays and Receipts (in US $Bil.) Category Outlays Receipts Net Cost Education Illegal Aliens $3.2 $3.2 Children of Illegal Aliens $4.5 $4.5 Uncompensated Medical Care $1.4 $1.4 Incarceration $1.4 $1.4 Tax Payments $1.7 -$1.7 Total $10.5 Billions $1.7 Billions $8.8 Billions

27 Californians Spent >$10 Bill. in: Education: ~ $7.7 bill./yr on education for illegal immigrant children and for their U.S.-born siblings. Nearly 15% of K-12 public school students in California are children of illegal aliens. Health Care: $1.4 bill./yr on uncompensated medical outlays for health care provided to the state s illegal alien population. Incarceration: ~$1.4 bill./yr on the incarceration of illegal aliens in California s prison system alone.

28 Foreign Born Population by Region of Birth California, 2000 Region Illegal Alien Students U.S. Born Children of Illegal Aliens Total US CA TX NY IL NJ FL GA NC AZ CO

29 Nationality of Illegal Immigrants in California Other Latin American Countries 24% Rest of the World 4% Europe & Canada 6% Asia 10% Mexico 56%

30 California Population Segments, 2003 Total Population 33,871,648 Non-Latinos 22,902,516 68% Foreign 4,044,818 12% Latinos 10,969,132 32% Native 18,857,698 56% Mex. 8,611,759 25% Non-Mex. 2,368,551 7% Foreign 1,127,143 3% Citizens by Naturalization 880,830 3% Native 1,241,408 4% Foreign 3,728,266 11% Non-Citizens 2,781,895 8% Native 4,883,533 14% US Citizen Born Abroad 65, %

31 Decrease in Jail Cost Compensation and Increase in Illegal Inmate Years California, US $Millions Years Ths Jail Cost Compensation (L) Illegal Inmate Years (R)

32 Change in Jail Cost Compensation vs. Illegal Inmate Years in California SCAAP compensation to CA Illegal Inmate Years FY 1999 $238,000,000 31,000 FY 2000 $241,000,000 FY 2001 $226,000,000 FY 2002 $220,000,000 40,000 FY 2003 $95,000,000 FY 2004 $112,000,000

33 Estimated Illegal Population Top 5 States State of Residence Growth USA 7,000 3,500 3, CA 2,209 1, TX 1, NY IL FL Source: FAIRUS Estimated Illegal Resident Population (Ths.) Percent Share (%)

34 Estimated Illegal Population Growth Thousands Thousands California (L) Texas (L) 2500 Florida (L) New York (L) USA (R)

35 Legal and Illegal Population Growth U.S., Thousands 800 Legal Arrivals Illegal Arrivals s Mar 2004

36 Continuing Education Among Residents Share of Each Group s Population, USA, 2004 Percent 80 Unauthorized Immigrants Legal Immigrants Natives High School Dropouts High School Graduates Who Attend College

37 Education Attainment Among Residents Share of Each Group s Population, USA, 2004 Percent 40 Unauthorized Immigrants Legal Immigrants Natives Less than 9th Grade 9th-12th Grade High School Dip. Bachelor's Degree or More Some College

38 Average Immigrant Income USA, 2003 US $Ths Unauthorized Immigrants Legal Immigrants Natives Average Family Income Income Per Person

39 Illegal Immigrants Contribution to California s Economy Millions US $Thousands 3.2 Number of Illegal Immigrants (L) 52 Contribution per Illegal Immigrant Worker to the Economy (R)

40 Illegal Immigrants and California s GDP Millions US$Billions 3.2 Number of Illegal Immigrants (L) 1500 Real GDP (R)

41 First & Second Gen. of U.S., 2000 By Principal National Origins & Locations in CA First Generation Second Generation a Total a % Foreign- National Origin (Foreign-born) (US-born) (1st + 2nd Generations) born Median Median % Foreign- living in N Age (yrs) N Age (yrs) N born California Total 34,492, ,214, ,707, Latin America, Caribbean: Mexico 9,325, ,964, ,290, El Salvador, Guatemala 1,311, , ,955, Puerto Rico b 1,437, ,515, ,952, Cuba 883, , ,298, Dominican Republic 698, , ,163, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru 1,107, , ,640, Jamaica, Other West Indies 989, , ,561, Haiti 429, , , Other Latin America 1,686, , ,536, East and South Asia: Philippines 1,455, , ,306, Chinese c 1,554, , ,213, India 1,036, , ,384, Korea 907, , ,233, Vietnam 1,004, , ,348, Laos, Cambodia 346, , , Europe and Canada: Canada, Great Britain 1,645, ,771, ,417, Other Europe 3,744, ,464, ,208, Elsewhere in world 4,928, ,987, ,916,

42 Foreign-Born Population of U.S. By National Origins & Decade & Age in Arrival (%), 2000 Country of Birth Decade of arrival in the U.S. Age at arrival in the U.S. N 1990s 1980s Pre and older Total 34,492, Latin America, Caribbean: Mexico 9,325, El Salvador, Guatemala 1,311, Puerto Rico a 1,437, Cuba 883, Dominican Republic 698, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru 1,107, Jamaica, Other West Indies 989, Haiti 429, Other Latin America 1,686, East and South Asia: Philippines 1,455, Chinese b 1,554, India 1,036, Korea 907, Vietnam 1,004, Laos, Cambodia 346, Europe and Canada: Canada, Great Britain 1,645, Other Europe 3,744, Elsewhere in world 4,928,

43 Cultural, Economic & Legal Integration Percent of Foreign-Born Adults (25-64), 2000 Percent English fluent c Percent in poverty Percent homeowners Percent U.S. Citizen National Origin Decade of arrival: Decade of arrival: Decade of arrival: Decade of arrival: 1990s 1980s Pre s 1980s Pre s 1980s Pre s 1980s Pre-1980 Total Latin America, Caribbean: Mexico El Salvador, Guatemala Puerto Rico a Cuba Dominican Republic Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Jamaica, Other West Indie Haiti Other Latin America East and South Asia: Philippines Chinese b India Korea Vietnam Laos, Cambodia Europe and Canada: Canada, Great Britain Other Europe Elsewhere in world

44 English Fluency* of Foreign-born Hispanics in the United States, and older years old 0-12 years old Less than high school High school graduate Age at Arrival Education College graduate 1990s 1980s Pre-1980 %

45 Educational and Occupational Attainment among 25 to 39 Year Olds, 2000 Ethnicity Education by nativity (%): Occupation by nativity (%): Foreign-born a U.S.-born Foreign-born a U.S.-born (self-reported) College High sch College High sch Professional, Low-wage Professional, Low-wage graduate dropout graduate dropout Technical b labor c Technical b labor c Total: Latin American: Colombian, Peruvian, Ecuadoria Cuban Dominican Puerto Rican d Salvadoran, Guatemalan Mexican Asian: Chinese e Indian Korean Filipino Vietnamese Lao, Hmong, Cambodian Other: White, non-hispanic Black, non-hispanic

46 Percent of Males 18 to 39 Years Old Incarcerated in the United States, 2000 Males, ages 18-39: Percent incarcerated, by nativity and by education: Ethnicity Total Percent Nativity: High school graduate? in U.S. incarcerated Foreign-born U.S.-born No Yes N % % % % % Total: 45,200, Latin American Ethnicities: Salvadoran, Guatemalan 433, Colombian, Ecuadorian, Peruvia 283, Mexican 5,017, Dominican 182, Cuban 213, Puerto Rican a 642, Asian Ethnicities: Indian 393, Chinese, Taiwanese 439, Korean 184, Filipino 297, Vietnamese 229, Lao, Hmong, Cambodian 89, Other: White, non-hispanic 29,014, Black, non-hispanic 5,453, Two or more race groups, other 1,272, N = 8,079,819 37,120,598 9,514,761 35,685,656

47 U.S. Unauthorized Immigrant Population Share of All Immigrants ( ) Thousands of People Percent Share Number (L) 3000 Percent (R)

48 U.S. Unauthorized Immigrant Population Region of Birth, 2000 and 2005 Millions of People North America Asia South America Europe Other 2005

49 U.S. Unauthorized Immigrant Population North America s Share of Total Immigrant Population, 2000 and 2005 Millions of People Percent Share 11.0 Total (L) North America's Share of Total (R)

50 U.S. Unauthorized Immigrant Population Top 5 States of Residence, 2000 and 2005 Thousands of People California Texas Florida New York Illinois

51 Population Composition in CA By Generation and Recency of Immigrant Arrival Percent rd Generation 2nd Generation Recent

52 California Cities Majority Foreign-Born Population City Percent Foreign-Born Major Region of Origin Glendale 54 Asia Santa Ana 53 Latin America Daly City 52 Asia El Monte 51 Latin America

53 State of Residence of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population As of January, 2000 and 2005 Population (Thousands) State of Residence California 2,510 2,770 Texas 1,090 1,360 Florida New York Illinois Arizona Georgia New Jersey North Carolina Nevada Other States 1,750 2,510 All States 8,460 10,500

54 State of Residence of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population As of January, 2000 and 2005 Share of Total Unauthorized Immigrants State of Residence California Texas Florida 9 8 New York 6 5 Illinois 5 5 Arizona 4 5 Georgia 3 4 New Jersey 4 4 North Carolina 3 3 Nevada 2 2 Other States All States

55 State of Residence of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population As of January, 2000 and 2005 Percent Change Average Annual Change State of Residence California Texas Florida 6 10 New York 4 4 Illinois Arizona Georgia New Jersey 9 6 North Carolina Nevada Other States All States

56 Breakdown of Foreign-Born Population United States, January 2005 Unauthorized Immigrant Population 38% Legally Resident Population 62%

57 United States Population Breakdown, 2002 American-Born 89% Foreign-Born 11%

58 California Population Breakdown, 2002 American- Born 74% Foreign-Born 26%

59 California Projected Population Demographic Change, 2030 Asian 18% Other 2% Black 6% Other Hispanic 13% White, not Hispanic 17% Mexican 44%

60 Immigrants and their Remittance Contribution Top 10 States, 2006 US$ Billions Millions of People 140 Contribution to the Economy (L) Latin American and Carribean Immigrants (R) CA TX NY FL IL NJ GA AZ NC VA

61 Foreign-Born Persons by Year of Entry & Citizenship Status As % of Total Foreign Born, California Total Year of Entry Naturalized Not Citizen Foreign Born Before % 25.1% 1,561, % 28.7% 946, % 49.7% 1,539, % 62.7% 1,148, % 71.5% 1,781, % 90.8% 1,292, * 4.9% 95.1% 1,271,514 Total 39.2% 60.8% 9,541,213 * Through March 2004

62 Persons Aged 25+ by Educational Attainment & Nativity As % Share of Total, CA 2003 Native Foreign Born Educational Attainment Born Naturalized Not Citizen Not a High School Graduate High School Graduate Some College or AA BA/BS Master's or Higher Total Median Years Completed Average Years Completed

63 Persons Naturalized by Metropolitan Area of Residence 2004 Metropolitan Area Number Percent New York, NY 55, Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 51, Chicago, IL 27, Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV 19, Miami, FL 18, San Jose, CA 15, Orange County, CA 14, Houston, TX 12, Oakland, CA 11, San Francisco, CA 11, Other Areas 298, Total 537,

64 Population Projection by Race/Ethnicity As % of State Total, Percent Millions White (L) Hispanic (L) Asian (L) Black (L) Total Population (R)

65 Components of Population Growth in California Thousands per Year % % Natural Increase Total Population Immigration -2% Domestic Migration