Unit # 4: The Jeffersonian Era 10 Instructional Days Unit Overview

Transcription

1 Unit Plan: 11 th Grade US History Unit # 4: The Jeffersonian Era 10 Instructional Days Unit Overview Big Idea: Many historians consider the election of Jefferson a revolution in political ideas, aspirations, and objectives. Jefferson s Presidency and life can also be seen as a contradiction and has been one of the most widely analyzed political characters in American History. However, his presidency set up the cultural and political trajectory for the United States for the next 60 years. Unit Goals: A. Evaluate a historical source for point of view and historical context B. Gather and analyze historical information, including contradictory data, from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including sources located on the Internet, to support or reject hypotheses C. Construct and defend a written historical argument using relevant primary and secondary sources as evidence D. Differentiate between facts and historical interpretations, recognizing that a historian s narrative reflects his or her judgment about the significance of particular facts E. Investigate causes and effects of significant events in United States history. Topics to include but not limited to WWI, Great Depression, Cold War F. Analyze continuity and change in eras over the course of United States history G. Investigate causes and effects of significant events in United States history. Analyze the complexity of events in United States history. H. Examine and evaluate issues of unity and diversity from Reconstruction to present. Enduring Understanding Connections The ideological conflicts of the early Republic culminated in the bitter election of 1800 between Adams and Jefferson. Despite the fierce rhetoric of the campaign, the Revolution of 1800 demonstrated that the infant Republic could peacefully transfer power from one party to another. The election of 1800 also signaled the decline of the conservative Federalist Party, which proved unable to adjust to the democratic future of American politics. Jefferson the political theorist came to Washington determined to restore what he saw as the original American revolutionary ideals and to implement his Republican principles of limited and frugal government, strict construction, and an antimilitarist foreign policy. But Jefferson the practical politician had to compromise many of these goals, thereby moderating the Republican- Federalist ideological conflict. The sharpest political conflicts occurred over the judiciary, where John Marshall worked effectively to enshrine the principles of judicial review and a strong federal government. Against his original intentions, Jefferson himself also enhanced federal power by waging war against the Barbary pirates and his dramatic purchase of Louisiana from Napoleon. The Louisiana Purchase was Jefferson s greatest success, increasing national unity and pointing to America s long-term future in the West. But in the short term the vast geographical expansion fostered schemes like Aaron Burr s to break the west away from the United States. Nevertheless, Jefferson became increasingly entangled in the horrific European wars between Napoleonic France and Britain, as both great powers obstructed American trade and violated freedom of the seas. Jefferson attempted to avoid war through his embargo policy, which damaged the American economy and stirred bitter opposition in New England. Jefferson s successor, James Madison, soon stumbled into a diplomatic trap set by Napoleon, and western War Hawks hoping to acquire Canada whooped the United States into a war with Britain in The nation went to war totally unprepared, bitterly divided, and devoid of any coherent strategy. Americans began the War of 1812 with high hopes of conquering Canada. But their strategy and efforts were badly flawed, and before long British and Canadian forces had thrown the United States on the defensive. The Americans fared somewhat better in naval warfare, but by 1814 the British had burned Washington and threatened New Orleans. The Treaty of Ghent ended the war in a stalemate that solved none of the original issues. But Americans counted the war a success and increasingly turned away from European affairs and towards isolationism. Despite some secessionist talk by New Englanders at the Hartford convention, the ironic outcome of the divisive war was a strong surge of American

2 nationalism and unity. Political conflict virtually disappeared during the era of good feelings under President Madison. A fervent new nationalism appeared in diverse areas of culture, economics, and foreign policy. The Era of Good Feelings was soon threatened by the panic of 1819, caused by excessive land speculation and unstable banks. An even more serious threat came from the first major sectional dispute over slavery, which was postponed but not resolved by the Missouri compromise of Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court further enhanced its role as the major force upholding a powerful national government and conservative defense of property rights. Marshall s rulings partially checked the general movement towards states rights and popular democracy. Nationalism also led to a more assertive American foreign policy. Andrew Jackson s military adventures in Spanish Florida resulted in the cession of that territory to the U.S. American fears of European intervention in Latin America encouraged Monroe and John Quincy Adams to lay down the Monroe Doctrine. Course Enduring Understandings A. The development of the United States has been affected in significant ways by its geography. B. The ideals of freedom, equality, democracy, and economic well-being have been powerful motivators throughout our history. C. Political democracy in the U.S. grew from European and colonial roots and evolved, through conflict and compromise, into the system we have today. D. The tensions between liberty and equality, liberty and order, region and nation, individualism and the common welfare, cultural diversity and civic unity have shaped U.S. history. E. The development of the United States has been shaped dramatically by economic growth. F. Issues in and between other countries dramatically affect the United States and in turn, U. S. policy dramatically affects other countries. Essential Questions A. In what ways has geography shaped the economic, political, and social development of the United States? B. How has our understanding of the meaning of freedom, democracy, and economic well-being changed over time? How and in what ways have these ideals shaped our history? C. To what extent is our government democratic? D. What factors contributed to the development and retardation of political democracy in the United States? E. What factors lead to unity? To division? F. In what ways and to what extent have diverse groups shaped American society, economics, politics, and culture? What does it mean to be an American? G. What is the American Dream? Are all groups in the United States able to achieve the American Dream? H. How has economic growth shaped society, politics, and culture in the U.S.? I. What issues drive our relations with other nations? What is America s role in the world in regard to these issues? Chapter 11 Guided Reading Questions 1. How did Jefferson s moderation and compromises turn the Revolution of 1800 into a relatively smooth transition of party control from Federalists to Republicans? 2. Describe the conflicts between the Federalists and Republicans over the judiciary and the important legal precedents that developed from these conflicts. 3. What were Jefferson s basic foreign-policy goals and how did he attempt to achieve them? 4. Explain the causes and effects of the Louisiana Purchase. 5. How did American become caught up in the turbulent international crisis of the Napoleonic Wars? 6. What were the original intentions and results of Jefferson s embargo and why did it fail? 7. Why did President Madison see a new war with Britain as essential to maintain America s experiment in republican government?

3 Chapter 12 Guided Reading Questions 1. Why was the war of 1812 so politically diverse and poorly fought by the United States? 2. Describe the crucial military developments of the War of 1812 and explain why Americans experienced more success on water than on land. 3. What were the terms of the Treaty of Ghent and what were the long-term results of the War of 1812 for the United States at home and abroad? 4. Why was there a burst of American nationalism that followed the War of 1812? 5. What were the major political and economic developments of this period? (include the death of the Federalist Party and the depression following the Panic of 1819) 6. Describe the conflict over slavery that arose in 1819 and the terms of the Missouri Compromise that temporarily resolved it. 7. How did John Marshall s Supreme Court promote the spirit of nationalism through its rulings? 8. What was the Monroe Doctrine and what was its symbolic significance for American foreign policy and relations with the new Latin American republics? Unit Learning Goals (tied to Unit Goals) LG 1 Analyze the triumphs and failures of the Jeffersonian Era of American History. This should include discussion of: Federalists Vs. Republican: John Adam s jack assess, Whispering campaigns, Presidential election-- tie- House of Representatives, Lame Duck, Revolution of 1800, We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists -Quote, Messages to Congress, consistently inconsistent, New Naturalization Law of 1802, repeal of excise tax, Albert Gallatin The Judiciary: deathbed Judiciary Act of 1801, midnight judges, Chief Justice John Marshall, Marbury v. Madison (1803), judicial review, Samuel Chase, judge breaking Jefferson the Warrior: North African Barbary States, Pasha of Tripoli, Peace Treaty of Tripoli 1805, right of deposit, James Monroe, James R. Livingston, Toussaint L Ouverture, Yellow Fever, Damn sugar, damn coffee, damn colonies! Louisiana: Ceding of Louisiana, Bought a wilderness to get a city, Valley of Democracy Precedent, Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, Sacajawea, Zebulon Pike, Burr Hamilton duel, Aaron Burr Treason Trial, Learning Goal Guiding Questions Documents Was America controlling its own destiny in the first decade and a half of the nineteenth century or was it reacting to the destinies of foreign nationals and their leaders? Habits of Mind: Changes and Consequences Understand how things change and how consequences are shaped. Documents New Naturalization Law of 1802 Judiciary Act of 1801 Marbury v. Madison Embargo Act of 1807 Jefferson's Secret Message to Congress Regarding the Lewis & Clark Expedition (1803) Louisiana Purchase Treaty (1803) Message of President Thomas Jefferson laying before the Senate the conventions with France for the cession of the province of Louisiana to the United States Message of President Thomas Jefferson concerning the cession of the province of Louisiana French Exchange copy of the Louisiana Purchase Treaty-- Convention for Payment of Sums Due by France to U. S. Page Letter to James Madison, secretary of state, announcing that Louisiana was purchased from France President Thomas Jefferson's message to Congress communicating the discoveries of the explorers Lewis and Clark. Readings: The Embargo leads to War: Battle of

4 Trafalgar, Horatio Lord Nelson, British Supremacy on the Seas, Battle of Austerlitz, Battle of the Three Emperors, The Tiger and the Shark, Orders in Council (1806), Impressment, U.S.S. Chesapeake, Embargo Act of 1807, Non-intercourse Act of March 1, 1809, Macon s Bill No. 2, The War Hawks, Tecumseh and the Prophet, William Henry Harrison Tippecanoe (1811), Battle of the Thames (1813), Declaration of War, June 1812 the vote: Mr. Madison s War, Old England and New England (two enemies), Study the chronology on p LG 2 Analyze how a new sense of American nationalism created the American Republic of the Jacksonian Era This should include discussion of The War of 1812: Status of regular Army, Oliver Hazard Perry, Invasion of Washington, Burning of the White House,. Francis Scott Key, Battle of New Orleans, Andrew Jackson, Tsar Alexander I, mediation, Treaty of Ghent, Hartford Convention, Federalists, U.S. Canadian border, Spirit of Nationalism, American Literature The New America: Tariff of 1816, The American System, Henry Clay, Erie Canal, N.Y. 1825, James Monroe, Era of Good Feelings, Panic of 1819, Land Act 1820 The Slave Issue is Renewed: Tallmadge Amendment, Admission of Missouri as Slave State, Missouri Compromise, Admission of Maine, McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), Cohens v. Virginia (1821), Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819), Andrew Jackson, Florida, Florida Purchase/ Treaty of 1819, Monroe Doctrine (1823), Russo- American Treaty of 1824, What was significant about the strong spirit of nationalism that appeared in America from 1815 to 1824? What were its accomplishments? Habits of Mind: Unintended and Unexpected Understand the force of the non-rational actions and decisions, including the accidental, in history and human affairs. Documents: The Star Spangled Banner The Treaty of Ghent The Tariff of 1816 Land Act of 1820 The Tallmadge Amendment McCulloch v. Maryland Cohens v. Virginia The Treaty of 1819 The Monroe Doctrine Readings:

5 Measuring and Tracking Learning Goals Measuring Progress of Learning Goals Tracking Student Progress Daily checks for understanding Weekly averages of Learning Goal objective Daily demonstrators of learning to be completed for each Lesson objective demonstrations of learning Assessing the progress of the Learning Goals Students complete formative assessments during and after the completion of each learning goal. Formative assessment consists of: A Multiple choice formative assessment at the completion of the learning goal Chapter reading and guided reading questions Formative assignments throughout the learning goal Socratic seminars, formative writing assignments, and class discussions on the primary sources and secondary readings associated with the learning goal Measuring and Tracking of Progress towards Unit Goals Measuring the Unit Goals Tracking Student Progress Students complete Formative writing assessments after the completion of each learning goal. Weekly graphing of student progress on learning goal formative writing assessments Measuring Progress to Unit Goals: Students score proficient or advanced on 80% of learning goal formative assessments Students score proficient or advanced on 80% of learning goal formative writing assignments Students score proficient or advanced on 100% of take home practice Measuring and Tracking Unit Goals Measuring the Unit Goal Tracking Student Progress Document Based Question Assessment Weekly graphing of student progress on learning goal Summative Writing Assessment formative assessments Formative Writing Assessment Historical Interview Summative Assessment Measuring Progress to Unit Goal: Students score proficient or advanced on 80% of learning goal formative assessments Students score proficient or advanced on 80% of formative assignments LG1 LG2 Standard Multiple Choice Formative Assessment Standard Multiple Choice Formative Assessment Learning Goal Formative Assessments

6 Unit Learning Goal Lesson Objectives Learning Goal LG 1 Lesson Objectives LO 1A LG 2 LO 2A LG 3 LO 3A LG 4 LO 4A Instructional Calendar September 30 The Election of 1800 October 1 The Louisiana Purchase October 2 Lewis And Clark October 3 Lewis and Clark DBQ October 4 Formative Assessment Lewis and Clark DBQ October 7 The War of 1812 October 8 The War of 1812 October 9 Slavery in the Jeffersonian Era October 10 Slavery in the Jeffersonian Era October 11 Formative Assessment Socratic Seminar