The Impact of Immi ation
|
|
- Berniece Harmon
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Impact of Immi ation York City on New Peter Lob0 In 2000, New York City was home to 2.9 million immigrants, the largest number in its history. These immigrants accounted for 36 percent of the city s population of 8 million. The size and diversity of New York s immigrant population is unmatched by any city. This diversity is a result of the dynamic nature of the city s demography, which is characterized by the arrival of new immigrants and the departure of longer-resident groups. In the 1990s, for example, over 1 million immigrants arrived in the city, but net domestic outflows from the city were even greater, resulting in a net migration loss of over 100,000. These demographic processes result in a unique level of diversity: 43 percent of the city s 2.9 million foreign-born residents arrived in the United States. In the previous ten years; nearly one half of the population speaks a language other than English at home; a primarily European-origin city has been transformed into one with no majority race/ethnic or nationality group. New York is a prime example of how immigration can mold a city in a single generation, and remold it in the following generation. This paper first describes how changes in immigration law have resulted in a huge influx of non-european immigrants to the city. It then briefly examines residential settlement patterns of immigrants, their sociodemographic characteristics, and the impact of immigration on the city s population growth, housing stock, and its racial/ethnic composition. This paper is largely based on The Newest New Yorkers, 2000: Immigrant New York in the New Millennium, a report published by the New York City Department of City Planning. EFFECT OF IMMIGRATION LAW ON THE COUNTRY COMPOSITION OF IMMIGRANTS Immigration law is often viewed as a gate through which immigrants must successfully navigate. Changes in the law can create opportunities to
2 78 INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY immigrate for one group or hinder the entry of others. The 1965 amendments to the Immigration and Nationality Act, for example, replaced immigration quotas that favored Europeans and, for the first time, placed all countries on an equal footing. This resulted in a huge increase in non- European flows, particularly from Asia and Latin America. Family reunification was the linchpin under the 1965 law and subsequent amendments, but the law also allowed for rhe entry of those with occupational skills required in the United States and the admittance of refugees and asylees. This basic architecture was largely preserved by the 1990 Immigration Act, with an increased emphasis on skilled workers. The new law also created a pool of diversity visas for countries that were not large sources of immigrants to the United States; these visas have further diversified the source countries of immigration to the city. Of the more than 1 million immigrants who settled in New York in the 1990s, nearly two thirds entered under the family reunification provisions of the law, 10 percent came in with an employment visa, 14 percent were refugees, while diversity immigrants were 8 percent of the total flow. The city also has a substantial flow of undocumented immigrants, most of whom are visa overstayers, i.e. they enter the United States legally, with a valid visa, but by remaining in the country beyond the required departure date, they become part of the undocumented population (Salvo and Lobo, 1997). The total undocumented population in the city is conservatively estimated to be around 500,000. Dominicans were the largest foreign-born group in 2000 numbering 369,200, or nearly 13 percent of the city s foreign-born, followed by China, Jamaica, Guyana, and Mexico. As recently as 1970, the top five foreign-born groups were all European. The 1970 census, when Europe accounted for nearly two thirds of New York s foreign-born, marked the last time immigrants were primarily from just one continent. Since then, diversity has become a hallmark of the city s foreign-born population, with no one continent comprising a majority. Latin America was the top area of origin in New York City, accounting for nearly one third of the city s immigrants, while Asians had a 24 percent share. Immigrants from the non-hispanic Caribbean and Europe each accounted for approximately one-in-five of the foreign-born, while Africans were about three percent of the foreign-born population. The African share is likely to rise in the coming years due to the availability of diversity visas, which have already led to the emergence of Ghana and Nigeria as important sources of immigration to the city.
3 PETER LOBO 79 RESIDENTIAL SETTLEMENT AND THE FORMATION OF ETHNIC ENCLAVES Immigration to New York is fueled by networks that, according to Boyd (1989, connect migrants and nonmigrants across time and space. Once begun, migration flows often become self-sustaining, reflecting the establishment of networks of information, assistance and obligations which develop between migrants in the host society and friends and relatives in the sending area (p. 641). Since immigration is heavily tied to kinship networks, a neighborhood that is home to immigrants tends to attract more recent entrants as well, resulting in ethnic enclaves, where an immigrant group leaves its social, economic, and cultural imprint on a neighborhood (Winnick, 1990). The process of immigrant settlement in New York usually involves newer immigrant groups succeeding longer-resident groups (both nativeand foreign-born) who have moved out of the city. Housing vacated by these departing residents is then occupied by newly arrived immigrants. This process of residential succession has been relatively smooth in the 1990s. While some of these enclaves are relatively poor and segregated, many of them are solidly middle-class and home to different groups. This is especially true in the middle-class borough of Queens, which on many measures is the most racially and ethnically heterogeneous county in the United States. In the Queens neighborhood of Elmhurst, seven-in-ten residents were foreign-born, the highest concentration of any neighborhood in the city, while six-in-ten residents of Jackson Heights, Flushing, Corona, Woodside, and Sunnyside were born outside the United States (Figure I). When the US.-born children of immigrants are included, eight-in-ten residents of these neighborhoods are either first or second generation. These neighborhoods tend to be racially integrated and epitomize the melting pot nature of immigration to Queens (Lobo et al., 2002). SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CZ%IRACTERISTICS OF IMMIGRANTS Immigrants had lower educational attainment than the native-born and nearly one half were not proficient in English. Labor force participation among immigrant men was higher than that of their native-born counterparts, though immigrant women were less likely to be in the labor force. The median household income of the foreign-born was significantly lower than
4 80 Figure I. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY Immigrant Concentrations in New York City Neighborhoods in 2000 that of the native-born; immigrants, however, also had a marginally lower poverty rate. An examination of the 20 largest foreign-born groups revealed major differences in demographic, social, and economic characteristics (Table 1). This was especially true with respect to the sex ratio, defined as the number of males per 100 females. New York had a sex ratio of 90, compared to 91 for the foreign-born, but this masked major differences among groups. Pakistanis had the highest sex ratio, at 161, while it was just 70 for Filipinos and Trinidadians. Differences between groups were primarily due to their immigration histories. Among South Asians, the initial flow is comprised disproportionately of males; only after they establish themselves are they
5 TOTAL Native-born Foreign-born Dominican Republic China Jamaica Guyana Mexico Ecuador Haiti Trinidad & Tobago Colombia Russia Italy Korea Ukraine India Poland Philippines Bangladesh Pakistan Honduras Greece ' Mala per 100 females TABLE 1 SELECTED SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC Cmcmmsncs OF THE TOP 20 IMMIGRANT GROUPS IN NEWYORK CITY IN 2000 Males,Ages 16+ Fgnales,Ages 16+ Mean Mean Yo Not Yo High L.Force Earnings L.Force Earnings %Female Avg. Median Total Sex English School %in Panicip. (full Panicip. (full Total head, no workers Household Population Ratio' Proficient Graduate Poverry Rate time) Rate time) Households spouse per hhld Income 8,008,278 5,137,246 2,871, , , , , , ,944 95,580 88,794 84,404 81,408 72,481 70,990 69,727 68,263 65, ,865 39,165 32,358 29, $50,771 $6 0,7 5 4 $39,060 $25,746 $31,799 $35,967 $32,895 $21,284 $24,254 $31,576 $35,054 $29,904 $45,090 $56,466 $44,054 $43,12 1 $47,887 $37,690 $42,958 $27,960 $34,572 $26,998 $51, $40,369 $45,960 $32,293 $2 1,342 $28,278 $ 3 2, ,178 $ 16,737 $20,937 $29,785 $32,756 $25,230 $36,209 $4 1,744 $35,505 $36,373 $44,482 $29,993 $51,051 $22,051 $36~ 7 1 $21,030 $35,667 3,020,980 1,816,243 1,204, ,042 95,086 80,990 48,054 32,201 37,276 40,694 40,036 31,705 37,624 42,938 29,979 32,388 26,889 33,226 18,840 11,585 12,294 11,800 15, $37,700 $39,900 $35,000 $25,300 $33,320 $38,500 $4 1,960 $32,000 $36,000 $36,000 $36,300 $35,000 $28,000 $39,500 $ $23,100 $50,000 $33,100 $70,500 $33,300 $36,500 $27,000 $43,930 co -
6 82 INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY joined by their spouses and children, which eventually lowers the sex ratio. For other groups, such as Trinidadians and Filipinos, females are in the vanguard of immigration. Filipino women have made disproportionate use of special visas allotted to those with nursing qualifications, which highlights how the sex ratio of a group can be affected by specific provisions in immigration law. Among city residents ages 25 and over, 72 percent were high school graduates, compared to just 65 percent for the foreign-born. With respect to the college-educated, 28 percent of city residents had a college degree, compared to 23 percent for the foreign-born. However, groups with relatively disadvantageous socioeconomic characteristics used various strategies to make their households economically viable, especially by having multiple workers in the household. This was particularly true for Mexicans. In 2000, just one third of Mexicans had a high school diploma and both males and females earned just over 40 percent of the city average. However, the combined earnings of multiple earners in Mexican households resulted in household income that was 85 percent of the city median of $37,700. This strategy was also adopted by Filipinos and Indians, groups with high levels of human capital, resulting in a median household income of $70,500 and $50,000, respectively. Latin American groups, in general, had low levels of socioeconomic attainment. Dominican and Honduran households were disproportionately female-headed, and both males and females had low levels of educational attainment, labor force participation, and earnings, resulting in high rates of poverty. But being disproportionately female-headed did not necessarily result in poverty. For example, though Jamaican, Trinidadian, Haitian, and Guyanese households were heavily female-headed, labor force participation rates for females were among the highest in the city, and poverty rates were below the city average. Many groups chose self-employment as a path toward upward mobility. Educational attainment among Italians and Greeks was below the city average, but both groups were disproportionately self-employed and had among the highest earnings. On the other hand, Koreans had very favorable educational characteristics, but 70 percent were not proficient in English, leading many to start their own businesses. The socioeconomic level of groups differed primarily due to the disparate set of skills they brought to the United States and because some groups are disproportionately composed of recent entrants, who have not yet adapted to the U.S. labor market.
7 PETER LOBO 83 ROLE OF IMMIGRANTS IN NEW YORK CITY S LABOR FORCE Immigrants play a crucial role in the city s labor force. Overall, immigrants account for 43 percent of New York s labor force: recent arrivals (those who entered in 1990 or later) account for 17 percent, while longer-resident immigrants account for 23 percent. Immigrants comprise a majority of those employed in several major industries, including Manufacturing (64 percent), Construction (58 percent), and in Accommodation, Food, and Other Services (54 percent). The largest industry in New York s economy is Educational, Health, and Social Services, which employs 765,400 resident workers. Immigrants made up 41 percent of this industry, with a large presence in hospitals, elementary and secondary schools, home health care, nursing facilities, and colleges and universities. Immigrants had a below average presence in Information (24 percent); Public Administration (25 percent); Professional, Scientific, Management, Administrative, and Waste Management (34 percent); and Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate (F.I.R.E.) (35 percent). IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION ON THE C ITS POPULATION BASE Population change is a function of two basic demographic components: natural increase and net migration. Natural increase is the balance of births and deaths, while net migration is the balance of persons entering and leaving the city. Those entering the city can be either domestic migrants or immigrants. lmniigration in the post-1965 period has helped mitigate catastrophic population losses New York City suffered in the 1970s, stabilized the city s population in the 1980s, and propelled the city to a new population peak of 8 million in Immigration continues ro play a crucial role in the city s population growth in the post-2000 period. Figure I1 shows the components of change in population for New York City for the period, which highlights the importance of immigration in maintaining population growth. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that New York City s population grew from 8,008,278 in April of 2000 to 8,085,742 in July of 2003, an increase of 77,000, or under one percent. The components of population
8 84 Figure 11. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY Components of New York City Population Change, Population Change Ca Natural increase Net Migration Net International E23 Migration Net Domestic Migration Thousands change show that natural increase during this period was over 200,000. However, net migration was - 136,000-those leaving the city far outnumbered those entering the city. The net result was a population increase of 77,000. An analysis of the large streams that comprise net migration reveals the dynamic nature of the city s population. Net migration of -136,000 was the result of a loss of 475,000 residents to the 50 states (net domestic migration) that was only partly offset by the gain of 339,000 through net international migration. Thus, given continued outflows from the city, immigration is crucial in maintaining the city s population base. The population of many cities in the Northeast and Midwest peaked in 1950, and then declined, due to suburbanization and economic changes that resulted in central city job losses. New York City also went through this cycle of population losses, but its status as a magnet for immigrants has allowed it to reach a new peak population in Immigration not only directly offsets losses through domestic out-migration, but indirectly influences population growth through immigrant fertility. Immigrant women account for over one half of all births in New York City. Overall, immigrants and their U.S.-born offspring account for approximately 55 percent of the city s population.
9 PETER LOBO 85 IMPACT OF IMMIGRANTS ON THE CITY S HOUSING Forty-three percent of all households in the city were headed by a foreignborn resident. Recent entrants comprised 14 percent of all household heads, while longer-resident immigrants accounted for 29 percent. Foreign-born household heads overall were underrepresented among homeowners, accounting for 40 percent of owner-occupied housing units. Home ownership requires not only capital but also knowledge of the housing market. Not surprisingly, longer-resident foreign-born heads were overrepresented, with a 35 percent share, while recent entrants accounted for just six percent. Recent entrants were disproportionately represented in market-rate rentals, accounting for over one fifth of this type of housing, while longerresident foreign-born heads comprised just over one quarter. Foreign-born heads overall accounted for nearly one half of market rate rentals. Foreign-born heads of household were less likely to live in public housing. Immigrant household heads who were recent entrants accounted for just four percent of public housing, while longer resident immigrant heads comprised 18 percent. Thus, immigrants were less likely to live in public housing irrespective of the time spent in the United States. As a result of population losses in the 1970s and early 1980s, housing in many neighborhoods of the city was abandoned, but most of this housing has been brought back, often due to immigrant occupancy. Indeed, imniigrant households accounted for 48 percent of all housing units occupied between 1990 and In many neighborhoods in Queens, immigrants accounted for 70 percent or more of recent occupancy. The U.S.-born children of immigrants-rhe second generation-also play a crucial role in the city s housing market. Of all the new housing units that came on the market between 1998 and 2002, 13 percent were occupied by a second-generation householder, while 34 percent were occupied by an immigrant head. IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION ON THE CITS RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMPOSITION Post-1965 immigration has radically altered the racial/hispanic composition of New York, from a white-majority city to one where no single group comprises a majority. Though white non-hispanics remained the largest group in 2000, they comprised just 35 percent of che population, down from 63 percent in While the share of white non-hispanics declined, other
10 86 INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY groups saw major increases. Between 1970 and 2000, black non-hispanics increased their share from 19 percent to nearly 25 percent, while the share of Hispanics increased from 16 percent to 27 percent. Asians nearly quintupled, from 2 percent in 1970, to 10 percent in The change in the racial composition of the city has been accompanied by increases in ethnic diversity within each race/hispanic group. The Afro-Caribbean population, for example, comprised nearly one-third of the black non-hispanic population, up from under 10 percent in Puerto Ricans are no longer a majority among Hispanics, and the group now includes large numbers of Dominicans, Mexicans, Ecuadorians, and Colombians. Among Asians, the Chinese majority has been diluted by the Asian Indians, Koreans, Filipinos, and Bangladeshis. Indeed, New York epitomizes the World Ciry. Further changes are on the horizon. The population aged 65 and over, which represents the city s demographic past, is the only age cohort with a white majority. On the other hand, among those under the age of 18-the age cohort that represents the city s future-hispanics were the largest group, comprising 34 percent. They were followed by black non-hispanics (29 percent), white non-hispanics (24 percent), Asian non-hispanics (10 percent), and those of multiracial non-hispanic backgrounds (3 percent). As the white population ages out, the city s overall population will reflect the raciauhispanic make-up of these younger age cohorts as they ascend the age distribution. REFERENCES Boyd, M Family and Personal Networks in International Migration: Recent Developments and New Agendas, International Migration Review, 23: Lobo, A. P. and J. Salvo 2004 The Newest New Yorkers, 2000: Immigrant New York in the New Millennium. New York: New York City Department of City Planning. Lobo, A. P., R. Flores and J. Salvo 2002 The Impact of Hispanic Growth on the Racial/Ethnic Composition of New York City Neighborhoods, Urban Afnirs Review, 37(5): Salvo, J. and A. P. Lob Immigration and the Changing Demographic Profile of New York. In The City nnd the Work$ New York s Global Future, edited by Margaret Crahan and Albert0 Vourvoulias-Bush. New York: Council on Foreign Relations. Pp Winnick, L New People in OM Neighborhoods: The Role of Immipmts in Rejuvenating New York 5 Communities. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
The Popula(on of New York City Recent PaFerns and Trends
TM The Popula(on of New York City Recent PaFerns and Trends Presenta(on for the Macaulay Honors College of the City University of New York January 28, 2014 Joseph Salvo POPULATION DIVISION New York City
More informationDemographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Queens Community District 3: East Elmhurst, Jackson Heights, and North Corona,
Demographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Queens Community District 3: East Elmhurst, Jackson Heights, and North Corona, 1990-2006 Astrid S. Rodríguez Fellow, Center for Latin American, Caribbean
More informationSocio-Economic Mobility Among Foreign-Born Latin American and Caribbean Nationalities in New York City,
Socio-Economic Mobility Among Foreign-Born Latin American and Caribbean Nationalities in New York City, 2000-2006 Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of
More informationLATINO DATA PROJECT. Astrid S. Rodríguez Ph.D. Candidate, Educational Psychology. Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies
LATINO DATA PROJECT Demographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in the South Bronx: Changes in the NYC Community Districts Comprising Mott Haven, Port Morris, Melrose, Longwood, and Hunts Point,
More informationCLACLS. Demographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Bronx Community District 5:
CLACLS Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Stud- Demographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Bronx Community District 5: Fordham, University Heights, Morris Heights and Mount Hope, 1990
More informationOur Shared Future: U N D E R S T A N D I N G B O S T O N. #SharedFuture. Charting a Path for Immigrant Advancement in a New Political Landscape
U N D E R S T A N D I N G B O S T O N Our Shared Future: Charting a Path for Immigrant Advancement in a New Political Landscape Wednesday, April 19 th, 2017 8:30-10:30 a.m. #SharedFuture U N D E R S T
More informationDemographic, Economic and Social Transformations in Bronx Community District 4: High Bridge, Concourse and Mount Eden,
Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue Room 5419 New York, New York 10016 Demographic, Economic and Social Transformations in
More informationDemographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Brooklyn Community District 4: Bushwick,
Demographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Brooklyn Community District 4: Bushwick, 1990-2007 Astrid S. Rodríguez Ph.D. Candidate, Educational Psychology Center for Latin American, Caribbean
More informationImmigrant Advances in Metropolitan New York
Immigrant Advances in Metropolitan New York Andrew A. Beveridge, Queens College and Graduate Center CUNY New York Federal Reserve Conference The Passage to Banking: Linking Immigrants to Mainstream Financial
More informationDominicans in New York City
Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue Room 5419 New York, New York 10016 212-817-8438 clacls@gc.cuny.edu http://web.gc.cuny.edu/lastudies
More informationOlder Immigrants in the United States By Aaron Terrazas Migration Policy Institute
Older Immigrants in the United States By Aaron Terrazas Migration Policy Institute May 2009 After declining steadily between 1960 and 1990, the number of older immigrants (those age 65 and over) in the
More informationStudy Area Maps. Profile Tables. W Broadway & Cambie St, Vancouver, BC Pitney Bowes 2016 Estimates and Projections. W Broadway & Cambie St
Powered by PCensus Page 1 Study Area Maps Profile Tables 2016 Demographic Snapshot Population Trends Household Trends Population by Age and Sex Comparison Population by Age and Sex Household Maintainers
More informationPeople. Population size and growth. Components of population change
The social report monitors outcomes for the New Zealand population. This section contains background information on the size and characteristics of the population to provide a context for the indicators
More informationFiscal Policy Institute. Working for a Better Life. A Profile of Immigrants in the New York State Economy
Fiscal Policy Institute Working for a Better Life A Profile of Immigrants in the New York State Economy In an overheated atmosphere, Fiscal Policy Institute set out to take a calm look at the real role
More informationIllegal Immigration: How Should We Deal With It?
Illegal Immigration: How Should We Deal With It? Polling Question 1: Providing routine healthcare services to illegal Immigrants 1. Is a moral/ethical responsibility 2. Legitimizes illegal behavior 3.
More informationSeattle Public Schools Enrollment and Immigration. Natasha M. Rivers, PhD. Table of Contents
Seattle Public Schools Enrollment and Immigration Natasha M. Rivers, PhD Table of Contents 1. Introduction: What s been happening with Enrollment in Seattle Public Schools? p.2-3 2. Public School Enrollment
More informationA Demographic Profile of Mexican Immigrants in the United States
A Demographic Profile of Mexican Immigrants in the United States Ariel G Ruiz Soto Associate Policy Analyst, U.S. Programs Migration Policy Institute Mexico Institute, Wilson Center November 5, 2018 Number
More informationUnderstanding the Immigrant Experience Lessons and themes for economic opportunity. Owen J. Furuseth and Laura Simmons UNC Charlotte Urban Institute
Understanding the Immigrant Experience Lessons and themes for economic opportunity Owen J. Furuseth and Laura Simmons UNC Charlotte Urban Institute Charlotte-Mecklenburg Opportunity Task Force March 10,
More informationAstrid S. Rodríguez Fellow, Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies. Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies
Demographic, Economic, and Social Transformations in Bronx Community District 9: Parkchester, Unionport, Soundview, Castle Hill, and Clason Point, 1990-2006 Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino
More informationLabor Force Characteristics by Race and Ethnicity, 2015
Cornell University ILR School DigitalCommons@ILR Federal Publications Key Workplace Documents 9-2016 Labor Force Characteristics by Race and Ethnicity, 2015 Bureau of Labor Statistics Follow this and additional
More informationMore than a Number. By Hanna Rose
11367 More than a Number By Hanna Rose Defining a Neighborhood 11367 Map Queens College Is my home base; I also wanted something that included this side of Main Street. In the Beginning Queens College
More informationThe Foreign-Born Population of Southeastern Pennsylvania. By Randy Capps
The Foreign-Born Population of Southeastern Pennsylvania By Randy Capps Philadelphia June 15 th, 2016 Acknowledgments Ariel Ruiz at MPI analyzed the data and wrote the slides for this presentation. James
More information2016 Census: Housing, Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity, Aboriginal peoples
October 26, 2017 Backgrounder 2016 Census: Housing, Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity, Aboriginal peoples The 2016 Census Day was May 10, 2016. On October 25, 2017, Statistics Canada released data
More information2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON - WARD 10 PROFILE
2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON WARD 10 PROFILE WARD HIGHLIGHTS Population 10.72% of total population 56,185 2011 Population 33 Median Age 50.1% Females 49.9% Males 2011 Population
More informationEcuadorians in the United States
Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue Room 5419 New York, New York 10016 Ecuadorians in the United States 1980 2008 212-817-8438
More informationINFOBRIEF SRS. Over the past decade, both the U.S. college-educated
INFOBRIEF SRS Science Resources Statistics National Science Foundation NSF 07-324 Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences June 2007 WHY DID THEY COME TO THE UNITED STATES? A PROFILE OF
More informationLatinos in Massachusetts Selected Areas: Framingham
University of Massachusetts Boston ScholarWorks at UMass Boston Gastón Institute Publications Gastón Institute for Latino Community Development and Public Policy Publications 9-17-2010 Latinos in Massachusetts
More informationAsian Americans in New York City. A Decade of Dynamic Change Presented on April 20, 2012 Report from
Asian Americans in New York City A Decade of Dynamic Change 2000-2010 Presented on April 20, 2012 Report from Asian Americans in New York City: A Decade of Dynamic Change Demographic Changes from 2000-2010
More informationUS Undocumented Population Drops Below 11 Million in 2014, with Continued Declines in the Mexican Undocumented Population
Drops Below 11 Million in 2014, with Continued Declines in the Mexican Undocumented Population Robert Warren Center for Migration Studies Executive Summary Undocumented immigration has been a significant
More informationPeruvians in the United States
Peruvians in the United States 1980 2008 Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue Room 5419 New York, New York 10016 212-817-8438
More informationA Profile of Latina Women in New York City, 2007
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Publications and Research Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies 11-2009 A Profile of Latina Women in New York City, 2007 Laura Limonic
More information2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON - WARD 4 PROFILE
2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON WARD 4 PROFILE WARD HIGHLIGHTS Population 9.51% of total population 49,850 2011 Population 34 Median Age 50.5% Females 49.5% Males 2011 Population
More informationDATA PROFILES OF IMMIGRANTS IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
DATA PROFILES OF IMMIGRANTS IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA LATINO IMMIGRANTS Demographics Economic Opportunity Education Health Housing This is part of a data series on immigrants in the District of Columbia
More informationLe Sueur County Demographic & Economic Profile Prepared on 7/12/2018
Le Sueur County Demographic & Economic Profile Prepared on 7/12/2018 Prepared by: Mark Schultz Regional Labor Market Analyst Southeast and South Central Minnesota Minnesota Department of Employment and
More informationINTRODUCTION ANALYSIS
A NOTE ON RETURN MIGRATION TO PUERTO RICO, 1970 Americo Badillo Veiga, John J. Macisco, Jr. Kyonghee Min, and Mary G. Powers, Fordham University INTRODUCTION This paper examines the extent of return migration
More informationThe foreign born are more geographically concentrated than the native population.
The Foreign-Born Population in the United States Population Characteristics March 1999 Issued August 2000 P20-519 This report describes the foreign-born population in the United States in 1999. It provides
More informationScarborough City of Toronto Community Council Area Profiles 2016 Census
Bar Chart showing the rate of population growth between the years 2006 and 2016 for the Ward compared to the City of based on the 2006 and data. For more information, please contact Michael Wright at 416-392-7558
More informationCLACLS. A Profile of Latino Citizenship in the United States: Demographic, Educational and Economic Trends between 1990 and 2013
CLACLS Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies A Profile of Latino Citizenship in the United States: Demographic, Educational and Economic Trends between 1990 and 2013 Karen Okigbo Sociology
More informationIMMIGRATION FACTS. How Changes to Family Immigration Could Affect Source Countries Sending Patterns. Migration Policy Institute
The Migration Policy Institute is an independent, nonpartisan, and nonprofit think tank dedicated to the study of the movement of people worldwide. The institute provides analysis, development, and evaluation
More informationDufferin Grove: Neighbourhood Profile
I. Population and Age Population 21 Neighbourhood Population: 12693 12% of Catchment Area Population: Change in population growth (1996-21): # 145 % 1% same as pop change in the catchment area Population
More informationThe Latino Population of New York City, 2008
The Latino Population of New York City, 2008 Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue Room 5419 New York, New York 10016 Laird
More informationProfile of New York City s Bangladeshi Americans
Profile of New York City s Bangladeshi Americans Introduction Using data from 2006-2010 and 2011-2015 American Community Survey (ACS) Selected Population Tables and the 2010 U.S. census, this profile outlines
More information2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON - WARD 1 PROFILE
CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON WARD 1 PROFILE WARD HIGHLIGHTS Population 53,130 Population 51.0% Females Population by Age Group 9% 20% 014 10.14% of total population 36 Median Age
More informationDemographic Change How the US is Coping with Aging, Immigration, and Other Challenges William H. Frey
Demographic Change How the US is Coping with Aging, Immigration, and Other Challenges William H. Frey Brookings Institution University of Michigan www.frey-demographer.org US: Total and Age 65+ Growth,
More informationWard 4 Etobicoke Centre City of Toronto Ward Profiles 2016 Census
Bar Chart showing the rate of population growth between the years 2006 and 2016 for the Ward compared to the City of based on the 2006 and data. For more information, please contact Michael Wright at 416-392-7558
More information2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON - WARD 3 PROFILE
2011 CENSUS & NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY CITY OF BRAMPTON WARD 3 PROFILE WARD HIGHLIGHTS Population 47,500 2011 Population 50.7% Females 2011 Population by Age Group 13% 18% 014 9.07% of total population
More informationOhio s Immigrants. Toledo and Dayton December 10-11, George Gund Foundation Migration Policy Institute
Ohio s Immigrants George Gund Foundation Toledo and Dayton December 10-11, 2015 Acknowledgments Ariel Ruiz at MPI analyzed the data and wrote the slides for this presentation. Colin Hammar and James Bachmeier
More informationSECTION 1. Demographic and Economic Profiles of California s Population
SECTION 1 Demographic and Economic Profiles of s Population s population has special characteristics compared to the United States as a whole. Section 1 presents data on the size of the populations of
More informationTable 2.1 Korean Immigrants and Settlement Intentions, 1965 to 2004
Table 2.1 Korean Immigrants and Settlement Intentions, 1965 to 2004 Percentage Intending to Live in Period Immigrants New York New Jersey 1965 to 1969 17,869 1970 to 1974 92,745 12 4 1975 to 1979 148,645
More informationFacts & Figures in this issue: income employment growth trends baby boomers millennials immigration
Facts & Figures in this issue: income employment growth trends baby boomers millennials immigration 2017 Baby Boomers The term baby boomer refers to individuals born in the United States between 1946 and
More informationPost-Secondary Education, Training and Labour September Profile of the New Brunswick Labour Force
Post-Secondary Education, Training and Labour September 2018 Profile of the New Brunswick Labour Force Contents Population Trends... 2 Key Labour Force Statistics... 5 New Brunswick Overview... 5 Sub-Regional
More informationManaging Migration and Integration: Europe and the US March 9, 2012
Managing Migration and Integration: Europe and the US March 9, 2012 MIGRANTS IN EUROPE... 1 ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF MIGRANTS... 3 INTEGRATION POLICIES: GERMANY... 4 INTEGRATION POLICIES: US... 5 Most Americans
More informationLevels and trends in international migration
Levels and trends in international migration The number of international migrants worldwide has continued to grow rapidly over the past fifteen years reaching million in 1, up from million in 1, 191 million
More informationJoint Center for Housing Studies Harvard University
Joint Center for Housing Studies Harvard University New Americans, New Homeowners: The Role and Relevance of Foreign-Born First-Time Homebuyers in the U.S. Housing Market Rachel Bogardus Drew N02-2 August
More informationSocial and Demographic Trends in Burnaby and Neighbouring Communities 1981 to 2006
Social and Demographic Trends in and Neighbouring Communities 1981 to 2006 October 2009 Table of Contents October 2009 1 Introduction... 2 2 Population... 3 Population Growth... 3 Age Structure... 4 3
More informationBRAMALEA. Overview A. Demographic and Cultural Characteristics
The Social Planning Council of Peel Portraits of Peel BRAMALEA Overview 13-1 A. Demographic and Cultural Characteristics Population: Size, Age and Growth 13-2 Immigrants 13-3 Visible Minorities 13-4 Language
More informationCalifornia s Congressional District 37 Demographic Sketch
4.02.12 California s Congressional District 37 Demographic Sketch MANUEL PASTOR JUSTIN SCOGGINS JARED SANCHEZ Purpose Demographic Sketch Understand the Congressional District s population and its unique
More informationMigration Information Source - Chinese Immigrants in the United States
Pagina 1 di 8 Chinese Immigrants in the United States By Aaron Terrazas, Jeanne Batalova Migration Policy Institute May 6, 2010 The United States is home to about 1.6 million Chinese immigrants (including
More informationInstitute for Public Policy and Economic Analysis
Institute for Public Policy and Economic Analysis The Institute for Public Policy and Economic Analysis at Eastern Washington University will convey university expertise and sponsor research in social,
More informationBrockton and Abington
s in Massachusetts Selected Areas Brockton and Abington by Phillip Granberry, PhD and Sarah Rustan September 17, 2010 INTRODUCTION This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social,
More informationMIGRATION TRENDS IN SOUTH AMERICA
South American Migration Report No. 1-217 MIGRATION TRENDS IN SOUTH AMERICA South America is a region of origin, destination and transit of international migrants. Since the beginning of the twenty-first
More informationPeople. Population size and growth
The social report monitors outcomes for the New Zealand population. This section provides background information on who those people are, and provides a context for the indicators that follow. People Population
More informationRace, Ethnicity, and Economic Outcomes in New Mexico
Race, Ethnicity, and Economic Outcomes in New Mexico Race, Ethnicity, and Economic Outcomes in New Mexico New Mexico Fiscal Policy Project A program of New Mexico Voices for Children May 2011 The New Mexico
More information2011 National Household Survey Profile on the Town of Richmond Hill: 1st Release
2011 National Household Survey Profile on the Town of Richmond Hill: 1st Release Every five years the Government of Canada through Statistics Canada undertakes a nationwide Census. The purpose of the Census
More informationAnalysis of Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of African Immigrants in USA
Analysis of Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of African Immigrants in USA Monica Nyamwange Department of Geography and Urban Studies William Paterson University Wayne, New Jersey 07470 Abstract
More informationForeign Migration to the Cleveland-Akron-Lorain Metropolitan Area From 1995 to 2000
EngagedScholarship@CSU Urban Publications Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs 12-22-2005 Foreign Migration to the Cleveland-Akron-Lorain Metropolitan Area From 1995 to 2000 Mark Salling, m.salling@csuohio.edu
More informationWe know that the Latinx community still faces many challenges, in particular the unresolved immigration status of so many in our community.
1 Ten years ago United Way issued a groundbreaking report on the state of the growing Latinx Community in Dane County. At that time Latinos were the fastest growing racial/ethnic group not only in Dane
More informationGopal K. Singh 1 and Sue C. Lin Introduction
BioMed Research International Volume 2013, Article ID 627412, 17 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/627412 Research Article Marked Ethnic, Nativity, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Disability and Health
More informationMAGNET Migration and Governance Network An initiative of the Swiss Development Cooperation
International Labour Organization ILO Regional Office for the Arab States MAGNET Migration and Governance Network An initiative of the Swiss Development Cooperation The Kuwaiti Labour Market and Foreign
More informationWard 17 Davenport City of Toronto Ward Profiles 2016 Census
Bar Chart showing the rate of population growth between the years 2006 and 2016 for the Ward compared to the City of based on the 2006 and data. For more information, please contact Michael Wright at 416-392-7558
More informationCITY OF MISSISSAUGA. Overview 2-1. A. Demographic and Cultural Characteristics
Portraits of Peel Overview 2-1 A. Demographic and Cultural Characteristics Population: Size, Age and Growth 2-2 Immigrants 2-3 Visible Minorities 2-4 Language 2-5 Religion 2-6 Mobility Status 2-7 B. Household
More informationADMISSIONS SURVEY FALL 2017 ENTERING CLASS
ADMISSIONS SURVEY FALL 2017 ENTERING CLASS Response to Survey: 100% represents 1% or less Gender Male 44% 46% Female 55% 52% Trans - Gender non-conforming - Choose not to answer - 2% Language Most Comfortable
More informationCommunity College Research Center
Community College Research Center Fact Sheet: Access and Achievement of Hispanics and Hispanic Immigrants in the Colleges of the City University of New York Derived from: Access and Achievement of Hispanics
More informationOVERVIEW. Demographic Trends. Challenges & Opportunities. Discussion
People on the Move James H. Johnson, Jr. Frank Hawkins Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise Kenan-Flagler Business School University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill January 2017 OVERVIEW Demographic
More informationImmigrant Remittances: Trends and Impacts, Here and Abroad
Immigrant Remittances: Trends and Impacts, Here and Abroad Presentation to Financial Access for Immigrants: Learning from Diverse Perspectives, The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago by B. Lindsay Lowell
More informationNorth York City of Toronto Community Council Area Profiles 2016 Census
Bar Chart showing the rate of population growth between the years 2006 and 2016 for the Ward compared to the City of based on the 2006 and data. For more information, please contact Michael Wright at 416-392-7558
More information18 Pathways Spring 2015
18 Pathways Spring 215 Pathways Spring 215 19 Revisiting the Americano Dream BY Van C. Tran A decade ago, the late political scientist Samuel Huntington concluded his provocative thought piece on Latinos
More informationThe Impact of Immigrant Remodeling Trends on the Future of the Home Improvement Industry
The Impact of Immigrant Remodeling Trends on the Future of the Home Improvement Industry Abbe Will Remodeling Futures Conference September 22, 2009 Why Study Immigrant Remodeling Trends? Immigrants have
More informationPatrick Adler and Chris Tilly Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, UCLA. Ben Zipperer University of Massachusetts, Amherst
THE STATE OF THE UNIONS IN 2013 A PROFILE OF UNION MEMBERSHIP IN LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA AND THE NATION 1 Patrick Adler and Chris Tilly Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, UCLA Ben Zipperer
More informationPopulation Outlook for the Portland-Vancouver Metropolitan Region
Portland State University PDXScholar Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies Publications Institute of Portland Metropolitan Studies 2007 Population Outlook for the Portland-Vancouver Metropolitan Region
More informationEconomic Activity in London
CIS2013-10 Economic Activity in London September 2013 copyright Greater London Authority September 2013 Published by Greater London Authority City Hall The Queens Walk London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk
More informationHow Extensive Is the Brain Drain?
How Extensive Is the Brain Drain? By William J. Carrington and Enrica Detragiache How extensive is the "brain drain," and which countries and regions are most strongly affected by it? This article estimates
More information$ $1,026. HIGHLIGHTS Ward Toronto. 52% with postsecondary 58% $978 average monthly rent. China #1 immigrant place of birth
HIGHLIGHTS Ward Toronto 2010 Household Income 52% with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 58% with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% $978 average monthly
More informationVictoria A City in Capital Regional District
Produced by Stats for Global Non-Response Rate: 24.6 Population Total Immigrants Change in Change in Immigrants Population Number Percent Population Number Percent 1991 71,228 14,665 20.6 1991 to 1996
More informationLatinos in Saratoga County. Trudi Renwick Senior Economist Fiscal Policy Institute April 26, 2008
Latinos in Saratoga County Trudi Renwick Senior Economist Fiscal Policy Institute April 26, 2008 1 Fiscal Policy Institute set out to take a calm look at the real role of immigrants in New York Working
More informationNUMBERS, FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE WORLD FOR RELEASE APRIL 9, 2015 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT:
NUMBERS, FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE WORLD FOR RELEASE APRIL 9, 2015 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Monica Anderson, Research Analyst Mark Hugo Lopez, Director of Hispanic Research Molly Rohal,
More informationLATINOS IN AMERICA: A Demographic Profile
April 2012 LATINOS IN AMERICA: A Demographic Profile Latinos in the United States are a diverse and fast-growing group that is amassing considerable economic and political power. As data from the 2010
More informationSouth Americans Chinese
9 9 9 96 96 95 7 6 5 Do Not Speak English Well Speak Other Langauge at Home 3 5 19 3 6 3 53 Puerto Ricans Native Blacks Dominicans West Indians South Americans Chinese 16 Russians Native Whites 6 Figure
More informationMexicans in New York City, 2007: An Update
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies Centers & Institutes 12-2008 Mexicans in New York City, 2007: An Update Laird Bergad Center
More informationNew data from the Census Bureau show that the nation s immigrant population (legal and illegal), also
Backgrounder Center for Immigration Studies October 2011 A Record-Setting Decade of Immigration: 2000 to 2010 By Steven A. Camarota New data from the Census Bureau show that the nation s immigrant population
More informationNorth Okanagan A Regional District in British Columbia
Population Total Immigrants Change in Change in Immigrants Population Number Percent Population Number Percent 1991 61,744 7,855 12.7 1991 to 1996 9,863 685 8.7 1996 71,67 8,54 11.9 1996 to 1 1,6-28 -
More informationBusiness Data For Engaging in International Real Estate Transactions in Idaho. National Association of REALTORS Research Division
Business Data For Engaging in International Real Estate Transactions in National Association of REALTORS Research Division November 2016 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Table 1. Population by Place of
More informationpeople/hectare Ward Toronto
Bar Chart showing the rate of population growth between the years 2006 and 2016 for the Ward compared to the City of based on the 2006 and data. For more information, please contact Michael Wright at 416-392-7558
More informationAnnual Flow Report. of persons who became LPRs in the United States during 2007.
Annual Flow Report MARCH 008 U.S. Legal Permanent Residents: 007 KELLy JEffERyS AND RANDALL MONGER A legal permanent resident (LPR) or green card recipient is defined by immigration law as a person who
More informationAfrican immigrants in the Washington region: a demographic overview
African immigrants in the Washington region: a demographic overview Jill H. Wilson, Senior Research Analyst Presented at the DC Mayor s Office on African Affairs 2010 Census Kick-off 1 February 25, 2010
More informationBusiness Data For Engaging in International Real Estate Transactions in California. National Association of REALTORS Research Division
Business Data For Engaging in International Real Estate Transactions in National Association of REALTORS Research Division November 2016 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Table 1. Population by Place of
More informationPopulation Growth and California s Future. Hans Johnson
Population Growth and California s Future Hans Johnson Outline California s rapid growth Population diversity Implications for policy 2 California Has a Large and Growing Population 40,000 Population (in
More informationThe Demography of the Labor Force in Sub- Saharan Africa
The Demography of the Labor Force in Sub- Saharan Africa David Lam Department of Economics and Population Studies Center University of Michigan Conference on Labor Markets in Western Africa: Evidence and
More informationHIGHLIGHTS. 62% with postsecondary 58% $1,081 average monthly rent. $1,026 average monthly rent. China #1 immigrant. China #1 immigrant place of birth
HIGHLIGHTS Ward Toronto 2010 Household Income 62% with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 58% with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% $1,081 average monthly rent
More informationThe Latino Population of the New York Metropolitan Area,
The Latino Population of the New York Metropolitan Area, 2000 2008 Center for Latin American, Caribbean & Latino Studies Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue Room 5419 New York,
More information