WWI was very expensive. It cost Canada on average more than one million dollars per day. Canada was spending more (expenditure) more than it made

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2 WWI was very expensive. It cost Canada on average more than one million dollars per day. Canada was spending more (expenditure) more than it made (revenue). Canada s gov. sold gov. bonds to investors with a promise of a 5% return. (Bw gov. Made 640 million dollars).

3 Canada s gov. sold gov. bonds to investors with a promise of a 5% return. (B/w gov. made 640 million dollars).

4 Victory Bonds: These bonds were offered to the general public at a rate of return of 5.5%. 3 millon Canadians bought them raising $1738 million The total amount raised from these war loan bonds was $2377 million!!!

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6 Income Tax In 1917, Canada made for the first time a direct tax. This Income War Tax collected 3% of the gross earnings of a family who earned more than $3000/year and individuals earning more than $1500/annum. The average family income was $800 per year. Only 31,130 Canadians paid this temporary tax.

7 Children and Thrift Stamps: Children bought each stamp for 25 cents and was stuck on a card. Children received a War Savings Stamp when $4.oo worth of stamps were bought. A War Saving Stamp could be cashed in for $5.00 in 1924.

8 Children and Thrift Stamps: A sheet of War Bond stamps bearing the image of a warship advises purchasers to buy "Thrift Stamps," which could be traded at the rate of 16 to one War Savings Stamp. One could then trade ten of these, pasted in a War Savings Certificate, for a bond that would mature several years later at rates of 4.5 per cent or more. The children would thereby support the war effort, and save for their future.

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11 Imperial Munitions Board: factories across Canada employed 300,000 Canadians. These factories made airplanes, ships and 1/3 of the shells fired by the Allies. Farmers were called to help: In 1915, Canada had its largest wheat crop ever. B/w : field crops increased 163%; Fisheries increased 74%; Forest products increased 70%; Minerals increased 19%; Total Exports increased 223% and Imports increased 37%

12 In 1914, Canada passed the War Measures Act This Act allowed the gov., to put people considered a threat into an internment camp. Canada used it to imprison Ukrainian and Germans living in Canada. In 1914, there were 500,000 German, Austrian and Hungarian people in Canada.

13 8579 people including 156 kids were imprisoned in 24 camps in Canada (mostly Ukrainians) These people were forced to do manual labour (including building some of Canada s 1 st National Parks)

14 Right- The Spirit Lake enemy internment camp in northern Quebec. (What were the conditions of the camp like?)

15 These Enemy Aliens only crime was being born in a different country. A North West Mounted Police Report stated: the closest investigation has not revealed the slightest trace of organization or concerted movement amongst the alien enemies.

16 Mr. Spade, who was German, lived at 2 or 4 Jersey Avenue in Toronto. At that time we lived at number 14. This happened after supper because I didn t see it, but I heard them talk about it. A whole gang of men came around and got him and took him to Clinton Street. They tarred and feathered him. Why I don t know. Except he was a German.

17 People of German ancestry in the town of Berlin, Ontario tried to show their loyalty by changing the town s name to Kitchener. Germans in Carlstadt, Alberta changed the town s name to Alderson.

18 Propaganda: Def n: is a systematic spreading of ideas influencing people to support a particular cause or point of view. For ex., Canada printed posters urging Canadians to enlist, and that our enemy was mean and terrible.

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23 Conscription: Def n the compulsory enlistment into the armed forces. PM Borden promised no conscription at the outset of the war but by 1917, volunteers were deceasing and our Allies were asking him to increase the number of soldiers.

24 Left Henri Bourassa Henri led the opposition in Quebec against conscription Henri s Pamphlet (4 July 1917) stated: Canada has already made a military display... proportionately superior to that of any nation engaged in the war Conscription means national disunion and strife

25 Conscription: The 1917 Election was won by Robert Borden. With the help of the Military Voters Act, and the Wartime Elections Act, Borden won and Conscription was past.

26 Conscription: The Military Service Bill was passed in 1917, making conscription law. Many French Canadians and Pacifists were against conscription. (Right Riot breaks out in Quebec)

27 Conscription: By Nov., 1918, only about 45,000 conscripts reached the battlefield.

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