Chapter 4 Culture & Currents of Thought
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1 Chapter 4 Culture & Currents of Thought
2 Chapter 4 Culture & Currents of Thought Section 4: The Contemporary Period (1867-NOW) Part 3: Capitalism, Socialism & Fascism
3 Background Industrialization in Canada 2 nd half of 19 th century Capital = money needed to start and maintain businesses Successful businesses made profit = more capital to invest in other businesses This cycle continues = CAPITALISM
4 Capitalism Economic system that focuses on the accumulation of wealth Profit Invest in businesses and use profit to invest in other businesses Private businesses/ factories Free competition/ free market If a company fails Too bad! Charbonneau Shoe Factory - Drummondville, Quebec around 1910
5 Capitalism Capitalism still exists today For the sake of this class focus on the late 1800s to the early 1900s Wealthy businessmen investing in factories/other companies Banks acted as a way to lend capital to start businesses
6 Capitalism People who represent capitalism: Elite British business class John Redpath Banks Members of the Montreal Curb Market (Montreal Stick Exchange) Multinationals Insurance companies Sun Life Insurance Multinational = Large company
7 Capitalism Left: Exterior of the Montreal Stock Exchange building in 1905 Right: Interior of the Montreal Stock Exchange building in 1903
8 Capitalism How was capitalism expressed? Architecture: Large buildings owned by large companies Wealthy neighborhoods in Montreal: Westmount, Golden Square Mile Neighborhoods where you could find factories: Griffintown, St. Henri, Lachine Canal area Neighborhoods/ Streets with stores and shops St. Laurent Street Sun Life Building, Montreal
9 Capitalism Left: Construction of the Sun Life Building (2 nd stage) in 1923 Right: Sun Life Building in 1931 Tallest Building in the British Empire at the time
10 Capitalism How d the pic turn out? Amazing except you ruined it Left: St. Laurent Street, Montreal around 1905 Right: St. Laurent Street, Montreal early 1920s
11 Capitalism Uh oh The toilet's clogged again.. and overflowing Left: Map of the location of the Sun Life Building Right: Sun Life building in 2007
12 Capitalism Left & Right: Photographs of working class homes in Montreal (St. Henri) around Often times, more than one family would occupy these homes.
13 Capitalism Duplex row housing in a working class neighborhood Gareau Lane- Griffintown, Montreal. 1903
14 Capitalism Mrs. Snyder s Residence. Westmount-Montreal. 1894
15 Capitalism Herbert Holt Residence. Golden Square Mile-Montreal. 1890
16 Background Great Depression 1929-late 1930s Stock market crash after much market speculation Mass unemployment during the 1930s 1 in 4 eligible Canadians not working ~ 25% UNEMPLOYMENT
17 Background Unemployed men sleeping on park benches. Montreal Quebec. 1935
18 Background Food line at the Young Street Mission. Toronto, Ontario. Early 1930s
19 Background This picture is titled: Moving Day Why? Montreal, Quebec. 1930
20 Public works projects Background Construction projects that were run by the different governments (federal, provincial or city) Gave people (usually men) work with low wages Building bridges, renovating infrastructure, building roads to nowhere (any type of infrastructure)
21 Background Men burying electrical wires on Parc Avenue. Montreal, Quebec. 1935
22 Work relief camps Background Camps (looked like sleep away camps) that men would travel to Construction projects close to the camps Run by the federal or provincial governments Roads, bridges, highways, etc.
23 Background Men from a work relief camp building a road. Ontario. 1934
24 Background Work relief camp. Ontario. Mid 1930s
25 Direct aid Background Aid given to citizens by different levels of government Food stamps, coupons, tokens for staple foods like milk and bread Soup kitchens (sometimes run by community groups and religious organizations) Free clothing and haircuts
26 Background During / after the Great Depression less trust in capitalism People started to think that Capitalism is flawed People/groups thought that there must be a better way avoid Great Depression from happening again New IDEOLOGIES & political parties start to emerge worldwide & in Quebec
27 Socialism An IDEOLOGY that will defend the Greater Good Interests of the greater number of people takes priority over smaller groups (Example: middle class VS wealthy/upper class) An idea eventually defended/promoted by the government Governments implement laws/programs to support/protect the general population Healthcare, employment insurance, etc. New political parties promoted this ideology during /after the Great Depression
28 Socialism People/groups that represent Socialism: Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) a NEW political party that was founded in 1932 Albert St.-Martin fought for workers rights / womens rights even before the Great Depression Workers Unions Lea Roback a woman that fought for workers rights / womens rights Labour Defence League
29 Socialism Albert St.-Martin in 1905 Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) billboard early 1930s CCF Logo in 1932
30 Socialism How was socialism expressed? Political party posters Strikes/protests Literature (magazine, pamphlets, etc.)
31 Socialism Montreal Worker s strike with Lea Robeck Labour Progressive Party Poster early 1930s
32 Fascism An Ideology that promotes tradition, military force, totalitarianism and extreme ETHNIC nationalism Ethnic Nationalism a single race represents a nation Single government leader/single political party Resemblance to a cult
33 Fascism People/groups who represent Fascism: Hitler, Mussolini, blueshirts Adrian Arcand National Social Christian Party Canadian Fascist Party in 1930s National Social Christian Party Propaganda poster- late 1930s
34 Fascism Adrian Arcand Leader of the National Social Christian Party of Canada Left: Bunito Mussolini Right: Adolf Hitler Photo taken in 1937
35 Fascism How was fascism expressed? Propaganda Literature (newspapers, ect.) Propaganda posters Public displays of fascism (mural in Madonna Della Difesa Chruch in Montreal) Fascist publication late 1930s
36 Fascism Fascist publications in Quebec late 1930s
37 Fascism Vault Mural of Benito Mussolini- Italian fascist Madonna Della Difesa Chruch in Montreal
38 Connections to the Progressions of learning
39 Connections to the Progressions of learning
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