The Age of Anxiety. Chapter 35

Transcription

1 The Age of Anxiety Chapter 35

2 Adolf Hitler Originally he wanted to be an artist, and traveled to Vienna to study at their famous schools. A native of Austria, however he was not willing to fight for the Austrian Army. Ended up fighting for Germany during WWI, and blamed the Jews for the German defeat. This belief began his goal in life to bring Germany out of the post WWI era. Which soldier is Adolf Hitler??

3 The World after the War Gertrude Stein noted that You are all a lost generation What does this mean? Authors wrote novels covering the horror and savagery of WWI All Quite on the Western Front- Erich Maria Remarque A Farewell to Arms- Ernest Hemingway Western society was considered to be on the decline, because of imperialism and warfare Do you believe that this is a correct statement?

4 Democracy in decline People all around the world felt that the institution of democracy was beginning to decline in popularity The idea of electing officials into office as not a bright idea anymore and started to call for elite rule. Commoners associated democracy with corrupt and ineffective party politics.

5 Scientists and their Brilliant ideas Albert Einstein Theory of special relativity E=MC2 Space and time are relative to the person measuring them. Einstein had AD/HD and actually discovered this without the use of a calculator. Idea helped lead to the creation of the Atomic Bomb

6 Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis First to focus on psychological explanations rather than physiological ones. Used clinical observations to prove his findings Identified conflict between conscious and unconscious mental processes Believed that psychoanalysis was key to understanding all human behavior.

7 ART!!!!

8 Economic Situation in Europe=NOT GOOD Middle 1920s it seemed that the economic situation had returned back to normalcy Industrial productivity was back to prewar levels Economic recovery was very complex in Europe Tied in with reparations, war debts, flow of US funds into the continent The Governments of A/H and Germany were relying on US investment to fund their payments of reparation France and Britain relied on those reparation payments to pay off the loans that they were given from the US during the war

9 Drop in worldwide prices Technological advancements were leading to a drop in the price of raw materials. Rubber Coal New synthetics hurt the cotton industry

10 Black Thursday October 24, 1929 There were hints of an approaching economic slowdown People were concerned and sold their stocks in large amounts This caused stock prices to plummet People that had placed large amount of money in the stock market lost it all

11 Problems Faced Unemployment skyrocketed as a result of the financial crisis. Production fell due to the lack of business By 1932, industrial production was half of what it was in 1929 Europeans were affected b/c they depended on US exports but those exports did not exist anymore

12 Unemployment By 1933, there were 30 million unemployed industrial workers in the US Affected men and women Shantytowns grew in urban areas, suicide rates increased The wealthy still enjoyed a comfortable living and the lower class despised them for this.

13 The New Deal President Franklin Roosevelt took steps to turn the economy around Provide jobs and farm subsidies Guaranteed minimum wage Social Security Public Works projects

14 Russian Civil War Soon after Lenin and the Bolshevik Party took power in Russia, opposition appeared The Russian Communist Party (Reds) opposed the Bolsheviks Reds vs. Whites(anticommunists) The White army was defeated in 1920 b/c of poor organization and lack of support

15 War Communism New form of Nationalism Vanquished private property Gov t assumed control of banks, industry, etc Anything that was privately owned Churches even became government property NEP (New Economic Plan) Temporarily restored the market economy Larger companies and industry remained in the states control From the NEP Russia will become Socialist Russia

16 Joseph Stalin His name means man of steel Developed his Five Year Plan Transform the Soviet economy to be an industrial power Steel and Machinery Collectivized Agriculture Would increase productivity In reality, it set unrealistic production targets

17 The Great Purge Between 1935 and 1938, Stalin removed men that appeared an opposition to him from their positions in the government These people faced execution or suffering in labor camps 1939: 8 million Soviets in labor camps, 3 million were dead

18 Fascism Comes from the Roman term fasces Symbol of authority which consisted of a bundle of wooden rods wrapped around an axe Fascists sought to create a new national community Revival of the lost national traditions Worship of the state Devotion to a strong leader Ultra-nationalism

19 Benito Mussolini Gained widespread support in 1920 Resulted from the successful use of violence against socialists in Italy His Black Shirt army took control of Rome in 1921, the Prime Minister asked Mussolini to become Prime Minister rather than calling the military

20 Assignment The class will be divided into 3 groups: Each group will be assigned either Hitler, Mussolini, or Stalin Using the paper provided, each group will need to create an outline of a human body In the body you may place: Terms, Pictures, Symbols, Phrases (etc ) that represent your dictator Use your book for this information You will be graded on your participation and creativity