The 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force

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1 The 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force The Balance of Power Alex I'imie

2 Flickr: US Army Navy SEALs jump from a CH- 46E helicopter during a 2011 training mission. Photo: Flickr/U.S. Navy

3 ProPublica

4

5 AFP/Ge<y Images

6 Credit: Benjamin Lowy A pair of 150- J- long U.S. Air Force B- 1 bombers on a 12,000 + mile round trip from their home base in South Dakota, over the AtlanQc Ocean to Libya, on a dual bombing mission over Moammar Gadhafi s forces. Photo: Air Force

7 Mohamed Sheikh Nor

8 When was the last Ome Congress declared war?

9

10 Agenda Ø The Constitutional Framework Ø Modern Examples of War-making Ø The 2001 AUMF Ø Moving Forward

11 Congress + Declarations History and Frameworks

12 The Congress shall have the power to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water to raise and support Armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years.

13 U.S. Declarations of War 1812 G. Britain 1846 Mexico 1898 Spain 1917 Germany 1941 Aus/Hungary 1941 Japan 1941 Germany 1941 Italy 1942 Bulgaria 1942 Hungary 1942 Romania

14 The executive Power shall be vested in a President... Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take [an] Oath... to... preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and the Navy of the United States...

15 Institutional Tensions Thornton- Latrobe- Bulfinch James Hoban

16 Modern Authorizations A Look at Korea, Vietnam, and Libya

17 Korean War

18 UN Approval instead of Congress

19

20 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

21 War Powers Resolution of 1973

22 War Powers Resolution of Hours to noqfy Congress of armed forces commi<ed to military acqon Day limit on armed forces Day withdrawal period

23

24 2001 AUMF AuthorizaQon for Use of Military Force

25 60 Words That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States.

26 At least years Navy SEALs jump from a CH- 46E helicopter during a 2011 training mission. Photo: Flickr/U.S. Navy

27 PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA May 23 rd 2013 I look forward to engaging Congress and the American people in efforts to refine, and ultimately repeal, the AUMF s mandate. And I will not sign laws designed to expand this mandate further. Photo: PoliQco

28 Susan Walsh/AP Photo

29

30 That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States.

31 That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States.

32 That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States.

33 That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States.

34 That the President is authorized to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international terrorism against the United States.

35 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) Mahmud AL- Halabi

36 AUMF Timeline September 2001 AUMF is initiated September 2011 U.S. drones kill Al-Awlaki January 2014 Sen. Kaine and McCain introduce War Powers Consultation Act May 2014 Rep. Barbara Lee proposes a bill to repeal the AUMF March 2003 Iraq War October 2002 The AUMF is refined May 2013 President Obama calls for the refine, and ultimately the repeal, of the AUMF May 2014 Rep. Adam Schiff s amend. to sunset the AUMF defeated in the House

37 ADAM SCHIFF May 21 st 2014 Even in the absence of an AUMF, the administration would retain the necessary authority to respond to threats from al- Qaeda. Photo: Julia Schmalz Bloomberg via Ge<y Images

38 BARBARA LEE June 13 th 2014 As the President has so eloquently stated, our military cannot solve all crises. The future of Iraq is in the hands of the Iraqi people. Photo: Daily News

39 RAND PAUL January 14 th 2014 With the return of our troops and practical side of the mission concluded, I feel it is necessary to bring the war to an official and legal end. Photo: The Liberty Beacon

40 Institutional Tensions Thornton- Latrobe- Bulfinch James Hoban

41 War Powers Consultation Act 7 30 The President must consult with Congress before ordering deployment into a significant armed conflict, or, combat operaqons lasqng, or expected to last, more than seven days. Require that all members take a vote of support or opposiqon for any significant armed conflict within 30 days

42 The 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force The Balance of Power Alex I'imie

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