Mackenzie King was the dominant Canadian political leader from the 1920s through the 1940s. served as the tenth Prime Minister

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1 Politics Discussing the theme of politics in Chapter Six; encompassing King TO St. Laurent to Diefenbaker; Newfoundland, Duplesis, and Roots of Quebec Nationalism By: Ryan Riahi and Jeremy Armstrong

2 Mackenzie King William Lyon Mackenzie King, PC, OM, CMG (December 17, 1874 July 22, 1950), also commonly known as Mackenzie King, was the dominant Canadian political leader from the 1920s through the 1940s. He served as the tenth Prime Minister of Canada from December 29, 1921 to June 28, 1926; from September 25, 1926 to August 7, 1930; and from October 23, 1935 to November 15, A Liberal with 22 years in office, he was the longest-serving Prime Minister in Canadian history. Trained in law and social work, he was keenly interested in the human condition (as a boy, his motto was "Help those that cannot help themselves"), and played a major role in laying the foundations of the Canadian welfare state. According to his biographers, King lacked the typical personal attributes of great leaders, especially in comparison with Franklin D. Roosevelt of the U.S., Winston Churchill of Great Britain, Charles de Gaulle of France, or even Joey Smallwood of Newfoundland. Voters did not love him. This explains why he (arguably) singlehandedly led Canada into a war.

3 Mackenzie King Con t Became Prime Minister in 1921 and held that position for the 22 years King tried to further Canadian autonomy by expanding the department of external affairs King or Chaos was the liberals slogan in 1935 During the war he tried to appeal to the population by no conscription and help mostly on the home front. Not necessarily conscription, but conscription if necessary.

4 Diefenbaker John George Diefenbaker, He was the only Progressive Conservative (PC or Tory) party leader between 1930 and 1979 to lead the party to an election victory, doing so three times, although only once with a majority of seats in the Canadian House of Commons. In the House of Commons, Diefenbaker was repeatedly a candidate for the PC leadership. He attained leadership of the party in 1956, leading it for eleven years. In 1957, he led the party to its first electoral victory in 27 years

5 Diefenbaker "the only way to stop the march on the part of the government towards arbitrary power said Diefenbaker about the bill of rights Diefenbaker became prime minister in 1957 new vision. A new hope. A new soul for Canada was what Diefenbaker said about opening the great white north Diefenbaker suggested that South Africa remain in the commonwealth, no matter what colour skin

6 Canadian Autonomy and Louis St. Laurent s contribution thereof. After Louis St. Laurent was appointed by Mackenzie King to become the Minister of Justice, and the minister of external affairs, he eventually rose above the ranks and became the prime minister of Canada. He led a progressive government that aimed to expand social welfare programs, especially old age pension and family allowances. He made great contributions towards maintaining and promoting Canada s culture and autonomy from Britain.

7 Louis St. Laurent Was the second French- Canadian Prime Minister. Uncle Louis was the nickname given to him because he talked with children and was a very relaxed kind man who appealed to the Canadian populace. He was the successor to Mackenzie King as the leader of the Liberal Party He desired to maintain Canada s status as a middle power in military, social, and economic aspects He was so well liked that he was awarded a prestigious medal for his service to this country

8 Duplesis Maurice Le Noblet Duplessis (French pronunciation: [dzyplɛsi]; 20 April September 1959) served as the 16th Premier of the Canadian province of Quebec from 1936 to 1939 and 1944 to He rose to power after uniting his Conservative party and the breakaway Action liberale nationale progressive faction of the Liberal party of Premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, to form a new conservative party, the Union Nationale.[1]

9 The Nation Expands Newfoundland Joins Canada By a margin of only four per cent, the people of Newfoundland voted to join the Dominion of Canada in 1948, after three years of intense and emotional debate. In the mid-1940s renewed prosperity raised the question of Newfoundland's future. Some Newfoundlanders want to return to their old status as an independent Dominion in the Commonwealth. Others want to join Canada. Opinions were generally mixed. Still others want to join the United States. It is determined that the people themselves should decide. On March 31, 1949, as a result of the territory's second referendum, Newfoundland formally becomes Canada's tenth province. The fiery leader of the pro-confederation movement, Joey Smallwood, becomes the province's first premier

10 Quebec Nationalism The Rise of a New Era Understanding contemporary Quebec nationalism is difficult considering the ongoing debates on the political status of the province and its complex public opinion No political option (outright independence, sovereigntyassociation, constitutional reforms, or signing on to the present Canadian constitution) has achieved decisive majority support and contradictions remain within the Quebec polity. One debated subject that has often made the news is whether contemporary Quebec nationalism is still "ethnic" or if it is "linguistic" or "territorial".

11 Justin Trudeau On Quebec Nationalism In response to a question about the Liberal leadership race, Justin Trudeau speaks against the idea of 'Quebec as a Nation'. Modern take on Quebecois nationalism. watch?v=rmssx2svtdc Shows how much opinions have changed over the years.

12 Questions 1. Who was the dominant Canadian political leader from the 1920s through the 1940s? 2. Who wanted to provide Canada with new vision. A new hope. A new soul for Canada? 3. Who made great contributions towards maintaining and promoting Canada s culture and autonomy from Britain. 4. Who was the second French- Canadian Prime Minister. 5. Have opinions towards French Nationalism changed over the years?

13 Bibliography Moscovitch, Allan. "Welfare State". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica-Dominion Institute. Retrieved 9 June John English, and J.O. Stubbs, eds. Mackenzie King: Widening the Debate, (1977) J. L. Granatstein, Mackenzie King: His life and world (1977) H. Blair Neatby, "King and the Historians," in John English and J.O. Stubbs, eds. Mackenzie King: Widening The Debate, (1977) H. Blair Neatby, "King, William Lyon Mackenzie," Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Michael Bliss, Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from Macdonald to Mulroney (1994), pp The Shaping of Québec Politics and Society: Colonialism, Power, and the Transition to Capitalism in the 19th Century. Washington: Crane Russak p ISBN Bourque, Gilles (1970) (in French). Classes sociales et question nationale au Québec, Montréal: Editions Parti pris. p. 350.