Intersecting Interregionalism

Transcription

1 Intersecting Interregionalism

2 United Nations University Series on Regionalism Volume 7 Series Editors: PHILIPPE DE LOMBAERDE AND LUK VAN LANGENHOVE International Editorial Board members include: LOUISE FAWCETT Oxford University SIEGLINDE GSTÖHL College of Europe, Bruges HENRYK KIERZKOWSKI Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva FUKUNARI KIMURA Keio University, Tokyo EDWARD D. MANSFIELD University of Pennsylvania T. ADEMOLA OYEJIDE University of Ibadan JACQUES PELKMANS College of Europe, Bruges JOAQUIN ROY University of Miami RAMÓN TORRENT University of Barcelona The United Nations University Series on Regionalism, launched by UNU-CRIS and Springer, offers a platform for innovative work on (supra-national) regionalism from a global and inter-disciplinary perspective. It includes the policy-oriented World Reports on Regional Integration, published in collaboration with other UN agencies, but it is also open for theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions from academics and policy-makers worldwide. Book proposals will be reviewed by an International Editorial Board. The series editors are particularly interested in book proposals dealing with: comparative regionalism; comparative work on regional organizations; inter-regionalism; the role of regions in a multi-level governance context; the interactions between the UN and the regions; the regional dimensions of the reform processes of multilateral institutions; the dynamics of cross-border micro-regions and their interactions with supra-national regions; methodological issues in regionalism studies. Accepted book proposals can receive editorial support from UNU-CRIS for the preparation of manuscripts. Please send book proposals to: pdelombaerde@cris.unu.edu and lvanlangenhove@cris.unu.edu. For further volumes:

3 Francis Baert Tiziana Scaramagli Fredrik Söderbaum Editors Intersecting Interregionalism Regions, Global Governance and the EU

4 Editors Francis Baert UNU-CRIS Bruges, Belgium Tiziana Scaramagli United Nations University Paris, France Fredrik Söderbaum University of Gothenburg Gothenburg, Sweden ISSN ISSN (electronic) ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

5 Preface This book has its early origins in the collaborative work initiated through two European Union-funded research projects from which we benefited greatly in producing this volume. Firstly, through work conducted in the context of the Network of Excellence on Global Governance, Regionalisation and Regulation: The Role of the EU (GARNET), coordinated by the Centre for the Study of Globalisation and Regionalisation (CSGR) at the University of Warwick and funded under the European Commission s 6th Framework Programme (FP6). One of GARNET s themes was Regionalism and Interregionalism, and a variety of workshops and seminars, that subsequently spurred the discussions leading up to this book, were organised on this topic. Secondly, some of the results on interregionalism that came out of GARNET were further developed and tested in the field of peace and security studies in the project Changing Multilateralism: the EU as a Global-Regional Actor in Security and Peace (EU GRASP), funded under the European Commission s 7th Framework Programme (FP7) and coordinated by the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU CRIS). The underlying idea behind this book is that the phenomenon of interregionalism is sometimes misunderstood and that the research agenda on interregionalism is heading in the wrong direction. As an attempt to improve the situation, we decided to structure the book around theory and regional agency. For the first part of the book we searched for leading theorists who could provide distinct theoretical perspectives on comparative and intersecting interregionalisms. For the second part of the book we invited experts who could provide thought-provoking studies on the role played by EU member states, the Council of the EU, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Court of Justice in interregional relations around the world. These contributions were first discussed at a workshop organised by UNU CRIS and partly sponsored by GARNET. The institutional support from UNU CRIS and the participants of that workshop are gratefully acknowledged. Although some of the participants are not contributors to this volume, they nevertheless provided v

6 vi Preface invaluable inputs by stimulating the discussions during the workshop. Several authors have subsequently met with the editors at other workshops and conferences to further discuss the topic and their contribution. The institutional and financial support from the GARNET Network of Excellence, the EU GRASP project and UNU CRIS has been crucial for the success of this project. Our special thanks go to the UNU CRIS Director, Luk Van Langenhove, who has been a strong and generous supporter of the project from the beginning. We received valuable inputs and suggestions for improvement on several chapters of the book from Sarah Delputte and Fabienne Bossuyt. We would also like to express our appreciation to Alexandra Kent, Nieves Claxton and Leila Brahimi for language editing. And last, but by no means least, we would like to express our gratitude to the editorial team at Springer for its support, professionalism and patience. Bruges, Paris and Gothenburg December 2013 Francis Baert Tiziana Scaramagli Fredrik Söderbaum

7 Contents 1 Introduction: Intersecting Interregionalism Francis Baert, Tiziana Scaramagli, and Fredrik Söderbaum Part I Theorising Interregionalism 2 Interregionalism and International Relations: Reanimating an Obsolescent Research Agenda? Jürgen Rüland 3 Interregionalism and the European Union: Conceptualising Group-to-Group Relations Mathew Doidge 4 Regional Actorship: A Comparative Approach to Interregionalism Björn Hettne 5 Interregionalism: A Security Studies Perspective Ruth Hanau Santini, Sonia Lucarelli, and Marco Pinfari Part II Regional Actors and Strategies 6 The European Union and the Contradictions of Complex Interregionalism Alan Hardacre and Michael Smith 7 The Impact of the Iberian States on European Union Latin American Interregionalism Sebastian Santander 8 How Does the European Parliament Contribute to the Construction of the EU s Interregional Dialogue? Olivier Costa and Clarissa Dri vii

8 viii Contents 9 The Court of Justice of the European Union and Other Regional Courts Stefaan Smis and Stephen Kingah 10 Conclusion Francis Baert, Tiziana Scaramagli, and Fredrik Söderbaum Index

9 Contributors Francis Baert (Editor) is Researcher at the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU CRIS) in Bruges, and the Centre for European Studies (CEUS) of Ghent University. Olivier Costa is CNRS Senior Research Fellow at the Centre Émile Durkheim, Sciences Po Bordeaux and Visiting Professor at the College of Europe in Bruges, the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) and the Université de Genève. Mathew Doidge is Fellow of the National Centre for Research on Europe at the University of Canterbury (New Zealand). Clarissa Dri is Lecturer in International Relations at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis (Brazil). Alan Hardacre was previously a Lecturer at the European Institute of Public Administration (EIPA) in Maastricht. He was also an International Expert in Regional Integration for the International Trade Centre in Geneva and a visiting Fellow of Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok. He is now in the private business sector. Björn Hettne is Professor Emeritus in Peace and Development Research in the School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg. Stephen Kingah is Research Fellow at the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU CRIS) in Bruges. Sonia Lucarelli is Associate Professor of International Relations at the University of Bologna (Italy) and Director of Research of the Forum on the Problems of Peace and War in Florence. Marco Pinfari is Fellow in Global Politics at the Departments of Government and International Relations, London School of Economics. ix

10 x Contributors Jürgen Rüland is Professor of Political Science at the University of Freiburg and Chairperson of the University of Freiburg s Southeast Asian Studies Program supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Sebastian Santander is Professor of Political Science and Head of the International Relations Research Unit at the Université de Liège (ULg) and visiting professor at the Institute of European Studies at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). He is also an Associate member of the Centre d Etudes sur l Intégration et la Mondialisation at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) and of the Monash European and EU Centre at the Monash University. Ruth Hanau Santini is Lecturer at the University of Naples L Orientale, Nonresident Fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington DC and Associate Fellow at Johns Hopkins University. Tiziana Scaramagli (Editor) is Associate Liaison Officer at the United Nations University Office at UNESCO and PhD Candidate at King s College London. Stefaan Smis is Professor of International Dispute Settlement and International Human Rights Law at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB) and Reader in International Law at the University of Westminster. He is currently also Guest Lecturer at the Centre Régional des Droits de l Homme et du Droit International Humanitaire of the Université Catholique de Bukavu (DR Congo). Michael Smith is Professor of European Politics and Jean Monnet Chair in the Department of Politics, History and International Relations at Loughborough University, where he is also Co-Director of the Centre for the Study of International Governance. Fredrik Söderbaum (Editor) is Associate Professor in Peace and Development Research in the School of Global Studies and the Centre of Globalization and Development, the University of Gothenburg. He is also Associate Senior Research Fellow at the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU CRIS) in Bruges.

11 Abbreviations ACP ALADI ALBA APEC APSA APT ARF ASEAN ASEF ASEM ASEP ASPF AU BBVA BSCH CACM CAN CAP CARICOM CCoJ CFI CFSP CIS CJ CMI COPA COGECA CPLP CSME DG DPJ African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States Latin American Integration Association Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation African Peace and Security Architecture ASEAN Plus Three ASEAN Regional Forum Association of Southeast Asian Nations Asia Europe Foundation Asia Europe Meeting Asia Europe Parliamentary Partnership Asia Europe People s Forum African Union Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Bank Santander Central Hispano Bank Central American Common Market Andean Community Common Agriculture Policy Caribbean Community Community Court of Justice Court of First Instance of the European Union Common Foreign and Security Policy Commonwealth of Independent States Court of Justice of the European Union Chiang Mai Initiative European Farmers and European Agri-Cooperatives Community of Portuguese Language Countries Caribbean Single Market Economy Directorate-General Democratic Party of Japan xi

12 xii Abbreviations EAC East African Community EC European Community ECIP European Community Investment Partners ECJ European Court of Justice ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ECSC European Coal and Steel Community EEAS European External Action Service EEC European Economic Community EP European Parliament EPA Economic Partnership Agreement EPC European Political Cooperation ESDP European Security and Defence Policy EU European Union EUROLAT Euro Latin American Parliamentary Assembly FEALAC Forum for East Asia Latin America Cooperation FIDE Fédération Internationale de Droit Européen FTA Free Trade Agreement FTAA Free Trade Area of the Americas G7 Group of 7 G20 Group of 20 G77 Group of 77 GCC Gulf Cooperation Council ICC International Criminal Court IDB Inter-American Development Bank IBSA India, Brazil, South Africa ICJ International Court of Justice IGAD Intergovernmental Authority on Development IOR ARC Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation JPC MERCOSUR Joint Parliamentary Committee LA Latin America LAC Latin America and Caribbean MEP Member of the European Parliament MP Member of the Parliament MERCOSUR Southern Common Market NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NGO Non-governmental Organisation OAS Organisation of American States OAU Organisation of African Unity OCT Overseas Countries and Territories OSCE Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe PARLASUR MERCOSUR Parliament PARLATINO Latin American Parliament QMV Qualified majority vote

13 Abbreviations xiii SAARC SADC SARC SCO SELA TCL UK UN UNASUR UNCTAD UNOWA US WID WTO South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Southern African Development Community South African Retail Council Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Latin American Economic System Trinidad Cement Limited United Kingdom United Nations Union of South American Nations United Nations Conference on Trade and Development United Nations Office for West Africa United States of America Women in Development World Trade Organisation