Liberalism Lets Loose

Transcription

1 Liberalism Lets Loose Liberalism The principal ideas of this movement were equality and liberty. Liberals demanded rep. gov t, equality under law, and individual freedoms.

2 Liberalism Moves Forward I. England: Democracy through Evolution (Const. Monarchy) A. Undemocratic Features of Eng. Gov t 1. Voting Restrictions 2. Open Ballot 3. Unfair Representation a. pop. shift b. rotten boroughs c. Pocket boroughs 4. Office Restrictions 5. House of Lords 6. Parties undem. 7. Peterloo video??

3 B. Struggle to extend the Right to Vote (Compromise vs. Revolution) 1. Gradual Reforms a. taxes b. penal system/police c. Catholics

4 2. Reform Bill of 1832 Great Reform Bill P.M. Earl Grey a. First bill to test evolutionary method of change were riots when the bill first appeared and was turned down. b. Reduced property qualifications for voting middle class, 80,000 to 500,000 (still only 5% male pop.) P.M. Earl Grey c. Took representation from rotten or pocket borough d. Moved representation to Industrial areas e. Move House of Commons power from aristocracy to middle class. Wm. IV Public Duke of Wellington

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6 3. Chartist Movement City Workers - Peoples Charter used parades and mass meetings. Mass petition for: a. Universal male suffrage b. = election districts c. secret ballot d. Annual elec. of Parl. e. No property qualifications for Parl. f. Salaries for members of Parl. g. Chartist movement failed initially, later all ideas passed.

7 4. Reform Bill of 1867 P.M. Benjamin Disraeli (Tory) a. Reduce property qual. to vote = city workers vote b. Disraeli hoped that the workers would join his party, they instead joined Liberal Party, later formed Labor party

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9 5. Wm. Gladstone (Liberal Party) a. Promoted secret ballot - (Why is this a big deal???) b. Reform Bill of 1884 promoted by Gladstone, extended right to vote agricultural workers Who is this? What is he doing?

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11 6. Reform Bill of 1918 All men over the age of 21 receive the right to vote, universal male suffrage. Most women over 30 received vote. Women receive vote in appreciation of work during WW1. 7. Reform Bill of 1928 Parliament grants the right to vote ot all women over 21. Universal suffrage. Emmeline Pankhurst going to jail for protesting.

12 2. Legalization of unions How does this help people? 3. Reform criminal code more just, death penalty not used as much 4. New Labor Laws a. Workers compensation b. Minimum wage c. Social Security d. Health Insurance

13 C. Other Reforms 1. Repeal Corn Laws 1 st Corn Law was 1804, landowners, who dominated gov t sought to protect their profits by imposing a duty on imported corn. (tariff) a. Bad harvest in Causes bread prices to go up. Industrial workers demanded higher wages to pay for increased food prices. As well as strikes there were food riots all over Britain. b. The Corn Laws were finally repealed in 1846, a triumph for the manufacturers, whose expansion had been hampered by protection of grain, against the landed interests. c. Creates jobs at ports, hurts small farmers (why?)

14 4.e. Child Labor Laws no one under 13 can work more than 9 hrs. a day, no more than 69 hrs a week no child under 10 in mines, under 18 and women no more than 10 hrs a day -Later - 10 hr. work day for men

15 5. Slavery abolished 6. Municipal Corporation Act set up city gov t 7. Public Health Act of 1848 sanitation levels set 8. Education Act of 1870 all get elementary education for a small fee.

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17 II. Ireland??? A. Early History - Video 1. What did the video say??? B. Irish Reform Movement (Nationalism) Included in Parl Catholic Eman. Act 3. Potato famine video Disestablishment Act 5. Land Acts 6. Home Rule Fails Separation 8. Independence except

18 III. Revolutions in France A. Louis XVIII (Bourbon) 1. Moderate 2. Limited suffrage 3. Kept B. Charles X Old Regime ideals 2. Riots 3. Charles flees C. Louise Philippe Citizen King 1. Favors 2. Liberals want 3. City Workers want 4. Results 5. Louis Blanc 6. Rev. of Abdicates

19 D. 2 nd Republic ( ) 1. Write new const. ideas of 2. Elects Louis Napoleon a. Very popular b. Abolish republic 1851

20 E. Empire Under Nap. III 1. Gov t looked Dem. a. Const., Leg., & male suffrage b. Reality 2. Early Popularity a. city workers b. Middle class c. Nationalists d. Farms 3. Discontent a. Liberals b. Catholics c. Nationalists d. Devil s Island 4. Crimean War - video

21 5. Downfall Franco-Prussian War a. Nap. Oppose Ger. Unification b. Bismarck -pictures c. French easily defeated - lose Alsace, Lorraine, and $ d. Nationalists this & Mexico (success in Asia, & Africa) e. Revolution

22 F. 3 rd Republic of France ( ) 1. Problems Election a. Republicans majority b Republic started c. Results PM, Pres., multi-parities, coalitions, compromise free public ed. (push Rep. ideas) 3. Royal Threats to the Republic a. Boulanger Affair

23 b. Dreyfus Affair 1894 c. Accomplishments 1) Coalition gov t 2) Survival 3) Sep. Church and State 4) Free/Comp. Ed. 5) Est. Soc. Sec 6) Business growth

24 VI & 1848 Revolts in Rest of Europe (handout) A Revolts 1. Successful a. France b. Belgium nationalism movement ends Holland s rule 2. Unsuccessful a. Italy b. Poland

25 B Revolts (Handout)