8-3.4 NEW AMERICAN POLITICS & THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION

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1 8-3.4 NEW AMERICAN POLITICS & THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION

2 I. EARLY 2 POLITICAL PARTY SYSTEM FEDERALISTS WERE: 1. LARGE LAND OWNERS 2. WEALTHY MERCHANTS 3. PROFESSIONALS IE COLLEGE PROFESSORS TEACHERS, LAWYERS BANKERS, DOCTORS ANTI-FEDERALISTS WERE: 1. SMALL FARMERS 2. SHOPKEEPERS 3. LABORERS

3 I. EARLY 2 POLITICAL PARTY SYSTEM FEDERALISTS ANTI-FEDERALISTS BELIEVED IN: -STRONG NATIONAL GOV -WEAKER STATE GOV -GOV. CONTROLLED BY THE ELITE -INDIRECT ELECTION OF REPS -LONG TERMS OF OFFICE -LESS CONCERN ABOUT INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES BECOME / CHANGE NAME TO: DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS -BELIEVED IN: -WEAK NATIONAL GOV -STRONG STATE GOV -GOV. CONTROLLED BY THE COMMON CLASS OF MEN -DIRECT ELECTIONS OF REPS -SHORT TERMS OF OFFICE -VERY CONCERNED ABOUT INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES

4 II.Issues of the early constitutional government A>1789- NEW CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT **President: Is George Washington **Secretary of Treasury: Is Alexander Hamilton THEY WANTED: 1. An economic policy that would strengthen federal government 2. The Federal Govt. to assume the war and state debts 3. Create a national bank 4. Protective tariffs on imports

5 B> Two political parties formed over issues Federalists: Led by Hamilton believed 1. Fed Gov. Should be -- Strong and Powerful 2. Economy Should be-- Manufacturing and Trade Democratic-Republicans: Led by Jefferson & Madison believed 1. State Gov. Should be-- Strong 2. Economy Should be--small farms and small businesses

6 C> South Carolina S political Support is Split 1. LOWCOUNTRY: ARE FEDERALISTS VS. 2. UPCOUNTRY: ARE DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS

7 C> South Carolina S political Support is Split 3. TWO KEY ISSUES AND THE OPPOSING OPINIONS OF THE 2 POLITICAL PARTIES ISSUE # 1 FEDERAL GOV ASSUMING DEBT OF REV WAR. FEDERALISTS: SUPPORT THIS ACTION DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS: AGAINST THIS ACTION OUTCOME: FEDERALISTS WIN AND FED GOV. ASSUMES REV WAR DEBT DEM-REPUBS GET FED CAPITAL MOVED TO CURRENT LOCATION ( WASHINGTON D. C. ) ISSUE #2 CREATING A NATIONAL BANK FEDERALISTS: SUPPORT THIS ACTION DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS: AGAINST THIS ACTION OUTCOME: FEDERALISTS WIN AND FED GOV. CREATES A NATIONAL BANK DEM-REPUBS ARGUE FOR STATES RIGHTS

8 III. Interpretation of the constitution & The Bank FEDERALIST REPS VOTE YES FOR THE NATIONAL BANK WHY? federalists THEY HAVE A LOOSE INTERPRETAION OF THE CONSTITUTION THE 1OTH AMENDMENT SAYS CONGRESS HAS THE AUTHORITY TO CREATE LAWS THAT ARE NESSESSARY AND PROPER DEM-REPUBS VOTE NO FOR THE NATIONAL BANK WHY? Democratic - republicans THEY HAVE A STRICT INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION DEM-REPUBS BELIEVE A BANK WILL MAKE THE FED. GOVERNMENT MORE POWERFUL THAN THE CONSTITUTION SAYS IT CAN BE

9 Iv. Foreign policy & Reaction to French Revolution federalists FEDS OPPOSE AMERICAN SUPPPORT Democratic - republicans DEM REPUBS : SUPPORT AMERICAN SUPPORT # 1 PRES WASHINGTON ( F ) ATTEMPTS TO REMAIN NEUTRAL # 2 PRES JOHN ADAMS ( F ) SENDS CHARLES PICKNEY TO TALK PEACE

10 Iv. Foreign policy & Reaction to French Revolution federalists 1. X Y Z AFFAIR: THREE FRENCH OFFICIALS BRIBE THE U.S. GOV. TO RESOLVE THE TENSION OF AMERICA S POLITICAL POSITION ON THEIR REVOLUTION Democratic - republicans 2. DEM REPUBS : VILLIFY / TRASH PRES ADAMS 3. FEDERALLISTS PREPARE FOR WAR

11 Iv. Foreign policy & Reaction to French Revolution federalists FED ACTION! FEDERALISTS: ANGRY OVER INSULTS TO ADAMS PASS THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS: NEW PAPERS WERE SHUT DOWN JOURNALISTS WERE JAILED FEDS TRIED TO DESTROY THE DEM- REPUB POLITICAL PARY Democratic - republicans DEM-REPUB REACTION! DEM-REPUBS: CLAIM THAT.. A & S ACTS WERE UNCONSTITUTIONAL A & S ACTS VILOATED FREEDOM OF SPEECH

12 Iv. Foreign policy & Reaction to French Revolution federalists FEDERALIST PARY LOOSES THE NEXT ELECTION FOR PRESIDENT DEM-REPUB THOMAS JEFFERSON IS ELECTED PRESIDENT IN 1800 Democratic - republicans THOMAS JEFFERSON & JAMES MADISON WROTE VIRGINIA RESOLUTION KENTUCKY RESOLUTION BOTH RESOLUTIONS SAY STATES CAN NULLIFY OR CANCAL AN ACT OF CONGRESS THEY FIND TO BE UNCONSTITUTIONAL THIS BECOMES THE FOUNDATION FOR STATES RIGHTS DOCTRINE

13 v. War of 1812 federalists WAR OF 1812 FEDS ARE AGAINST INVOLVMENT Democratic - republicans WAR OF 1812 D-R S ARE FOR INVOLVEMENT WHY? IMPRESSMENT OF AMER SHIP CREWS BRITISH SHIP SINKS AN U.S. CARGO SHIP BRITISH HELP ORGANIZE NATIVE AMERICAN ATTACKS ON WESTERN FRONTIRE SETTLERS

14 Vi. POLITICAL results War of 1812 federalists Democratic - republicans WAR OF 1812 WAR OF 1812 FED PARTY DIES BECAUSE OF THEIR OPPSITION TO WAR OF 1812 *AMERICA & D-R S DEFEAT THE BRITISH GOV AND MILITARY AGAIN NO LAND IS LOST OR GAINED MORE CITIZENS BECOME NATIONALISITIC AKA ( NATIONALISM RISES D-R S SLOWLY ADOPT AND SUPPORT A FEW FED POLICIES- -- THE NATIONAL BANK --PROTECTIVE TARIFFS

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