dk;zdkjh v/;{k ekuuh; U;k;ewfrZ f'ko dhfrz flag fcgkj jkt; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj ivuk

Transcription

1 Approved by:- Executive Chairman Hon'ble Mr. Justice Shiva Kirti Singh Bihar State Legal Services Authority PATNA Compiled by Radha Krishna Member Secretary Bihar State Legal Services Authority Patna vuqeksnu izkir%& dk;zdkjh v/;{k ekuuh; U;k;ewfrZ f'ko dhfrz flag fcgkj jkt; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj ivuk ladyudùkkz jk/kk d`".k lnl; lfpo fcgkj jkt; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj ivuk Proof reader: Ram Vinod Singh Joint Secretary Bihar State Legal Services Authority and Vijay Anand Tiwary Assistant Registrar BSLSA 'kqf}dùkkz jke fouksn flag la;qä lfpo fcgkj jkt; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj,oa fot; vkuan frokjh lgk;d fuca/kd fcgkj jkt; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj

2 iznùk vf/kdkj,oa dùkzo; rfkk vu; fof/k;ksa dh laf{kir tkudkjh ds laxzg dk eq[; óksr lafo/kku] vu; fof/k] jk"vªh; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj }kjk fuxzr fn'kk&funsz'k rfkk ekuuh; U;k;ewfrZ Jh vyrel dchj] dk;zdkjh v/;{k] jk"vªh; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj,oa U;k;k/kh'k] mppre U;k;ky; ekuuh; U;k;ewfrZ Jh vkj-ohjfounzu] v/;{k] mppre U;k;ky; e/;lfkrk,oa dfulys,'ku ;kstuk lfefr],oa ekuuh; U;k;ewfrZ Jh ih- lnkf'koe~] v/;{k ikjk yhxy HkkWysfUV;lZ ;kstuk] mppre U;k;ky; }kjk le;& le; ij fn;s x;s lecks/ku blds vk/kkj gs A Conferred rights and duties under the constitution and law books, guideline as contained in schemes issued by National Legal Services Authority and time to time addresses made by their Lordships Hon'ble Mr. Justice Altamas Kabir, Executive Chairman, National Legal Services Authority, Judge Supreme Court of India, Hon'ble Mr. Justice R.V.Ravindran, Chairman of Supreme Court Mediation and Conciliation Committee, Judge Supreme Court of India and Hon'ble Mr. Justice P. Sathasivam, Pioneer of Para Legal Volunteers Scheme, Judge Supreme Court of India.

3 dekad vuqdzfedk i`"b Sl. No. Index Page 01 dkuwu D;k gs\ What is Law U;k;ky; ds izdkj 02&03 02 Types of Courts laos/kkfud fof/k 04&10 03 Constitution Law ekuokf/kdkj dh j{kk vf/kfu;e &13 04 The Protection of Human Rights Act, ukjh 'kfädj.k&efgykvksa ls lacaf/kr Empowerment of Womendkuwu Law related to Women 13 ¼d½?kjsyw fgalk ls efgyk laj{k.k 13&16 (a) The protection of Women vf/kfu;e 2005 from Domestic violence Act ¼[k½ cky&fookg fu"ks/k vf/kfu;e] &18 (b) The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 2006 ¼x½ ngst izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e &19 (c) The Dowry Prohibition Act, ¼?k½ Mk;u izfkk ¼fuokj.k½vf/kfu;e 20 (d) Prevention of Dain (Witchcraft) Act 1999 ¼³½ vusfrd nqo;kzikj ¼fuokj.k½vf/kfu;e 20&21 (e) The Immoral Traffic ¼p½ efgykvksa dh vf'k"v izlrqfr¼izfr"ks/k½ vf/kfu;e 1986 ¼N½ xhkz dk fpfdrldh; lekiu vf/kfu;e 1971 ¼t½ tue iwoz ijh{k.k rduhd ¼nq:i;ksx dk fofu;eu,oa fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e 1994 (prevention) Act (f) The Indecent Representation of Women (prohibition) Act &23 (g) Medical Termination of pregnancy Act (h) Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and prevention of misuse) Act 1994 ¼>½ ekr`ro ykhk vf/kfu;e] &25 (I) The Maternity Benefit Act, vuqlwfpr tkfr,oa tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj 25&27 06 Scheduled Castes and fu"ks/k½ vf/kfu;e] 1989 Scheduled Tribes (prevention ¼d½ vuqlwfpr tkfr,oa vuqlwfpr tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fu"ks/k½ vf/kfu;e] ¼[k½ jk"vªh; efgyk vk;ksx vf/kfu;e] fd'kksj U;k; ¼ckydks dh ns[k&js[k,oa laj{k.k½ vf/kfu;e] 2000 of Atrocities Act &29 (a) The Scheduled Castes and the schedule tribes (prevention of atrocities) Rules, &30 07 (b) The National Commission for women Act &34 08 The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, mihkksäk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] &35 09 The Consumer Protection Act fookg laca/kh fof/k;k Laws relating to Marriage 35 ¼d½ fgunw fookg vf/kfu;e] &41 (a) The Hindu Marriage Act ¼[k½ fgunw nùkd,oa Hkj.k&iks"k.k 41&44 (b) The Hindu Adoption and vf/kfu;e] 1956 Maintenance Act ¼x½ fgunw mùkjkf/kdkj vf/kfu;e] &46 (c) The Hindu Succession Act, ¼?k½ fgunw vok;ldrk,oa laj{kdrk 46&47 (d) The Hindu Minority and vf/kfu;e] 1956 Guardianship Act Hkkjrh; blkbz fookg vf/kfu;e Indian Christian Marriage Act 48

4 1872 ¼d½ fookg fopnsn vf/kfu;e] &49 (a) Divorce Act 1869 (As ¼la'kksf/kr 2001½ amended in 2001) ¼[k½ vkuun fookg vf/kfu;e] (b) The Anand Marriage Act dsoy fl[kksa ij ykxw 1909 apply only to Sikhs ¼x½ ikjlh fookg,oa rykd vf/kfu;e] 50&51 (c) The Parsi Marriage & 1936 Divorce Act 1936 ¼?k½ fo'ks"k fookg vf/kfu;e] &53 (d) The Special Marriage Act 1954 ¼³½ eqflye fookg,oa fookg&fopnsn 53 (e) Muslim marriage and dissolution ¼p½ eqflye fookg& fopnsn vf/kfu;e] 53&54 (f) The Dissolution of Muslim 1939 marriage Act 1939 ¼N½ eqflye efgyk rykd ij vf/kdkjksa 55 (g) The Muslim women dk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 1986 (protection of right on divorce 12 Hkj.k&iks"k.k rfkk leifr dk forj.k rfkk O;kns'k ds izko/kku Act 1986) 55&56 12 Provision for maintenance and distribution of property and injunction ifjokj U;k;ky; vf/kfu;e] &57 13 Family Court Act ¼d½ cppksa ds laca/k esa dqn fof/k;sak dh 58 (a) Knowledge about laws tkudkjh relating to the children lafo/kku esa fn;s x;s dqn vu; izko/kku 58&60 14 Some other constitutional provision 15 vks ksfxd,oa dkexkj fof/k;k 60&62 15 Industrial and Labour Laws ¼d½ ca/kqvk etnwj izfkk ¼lekiu½ 62&63 (a) The Bonded Labour vf/kfu;e] 1976 system (Abolition) Act ¼[k½ ckyd ¼Je fxjohdj.k½ 63&64 (b) The Children (pledging of vf/kfu;e] 1933 labour) Act ¼x½ lafonk Je ¼fu;eu,oa lekiu½ vf/kfu;e] &65 (c) The Contract labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act dkj[kkuk vf/kfu;e] &67 16 The Factories Act CHAPTER III v/;k; III ¼d½ vijk/k ds fy, lkeku; 'kkflr 67 General Penalty for offences Hkkjrh; izk.kuk'kd nq?kzvuk vf/kfu;e] The Indian Fatal Accident Act, ¼d½ vks ksfxd fookn vf/kfu;e] &70 (a) The Industrial Dispute Act, vurjkzt;h; izoklh dkexkj ¼fu;kstu dk 70&71 18 The Inter State Migrant fofu;eu rfkk lsok 'krz½ vf/kfu;e] workmen (Regulation of 1979 Employment and conditions of service Act 1979 ¼d½ dkexkj izfrdj vf/kfu;e] &72 (a) The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 ¼[k½ vlaxfbr dkexkj lkekftd lqj{kk 72 (b) The Unorganized worker's vf/kfu;e] 2008 security Act, ¼x½ vlaxfbr etnwjksa ds fy, lkekftd 72&73 (c) Social security schemes for lqj{kk ;kstuk;sa the unorganized labours ¼?k½ vf/kdkjksa dks izkir djus dk rjhdk 73 (d) Way to access to rights egkrek xk /kh jk"vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj 73 xkjuvh vf/kfu;e] Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005

5 ¼d½ vf/kfu;e ds vurxzr izkir vf/kdkj 74 Rights available under the Act 74 ¼[k½ dsls vf/kdkj izkir fd;k tk;s 74&75 (a) How access to right U;wure etnwjh vf/kfu;e] &78 20 The Minimum Wages Act canh ls lacaf/kr fof/k;k 79&80 21 Law relating to prisoners canh vf/kfu;e The Prisoners Act, ¼d½ canh ¼U;k;ky;ksa esa miflfkfr½ 80 (a) The Prisoners (Attendance 80 vf/kfu;e] 1955 in Court) Act, 1955 ¼[k½ canh vf/kfu;e] (b) The Prisoners Act, 'kgjh Hkwfe ¼gncanh,oa fu;eu½ 81&83 23 The Urban land (Ceiling and vf/kfu;e] 1976 Regulation) Act, fcgkj Hkwfe lq/kkj vf/kfu;e] &84 24 The Bihar Land Reforms Act, fcgkj dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] &85 25 The Bihar Tenancy Act, ¼d½ fcgkj vlkeh Hkw[k.M ¼vfHkys[k 86 (a) The Bihar tenant's Holding j[kko½ vf/kfu;e] 1973 (Maintenance of Records) Act, ¼[k½ 'kgjh {ks= esa nkf[ky [kkjht 86&87 (b) Mutation of a holding fcgkj iapk;r jkt vf/kfu;e] &88 26 Bihar Panchayat Raj Act, ¼d½ xzke iapk;r ds eq[; dk;z0 88&90 (a) Main functions of Gram ekrk&firk,oa ofj"b ukxfjd Hkj.k&iks"k.k,oa dy;k.k vf/kfu;e] fcgkj Hkwfe lq/kkj ¼lhek {ks= fu/kkzj.k rfkk vfrfjä Hkwfe vtzu½ vf/kfu;e] 1961 Panchayat 90&92 27 The Maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens Act, &93 28 The Bihar Land Reforms (Fixation of Ceiling area and Acquisition of surplus land) Act, fcgkj _.knkrk vf/kfu;e] &94 29 Bihar Money lenders Act fuca/ku vf/kfu;e] &95 30 The Registration Act, ¼d½ lkoztfud Hkwfe vfrdze.k vf/kfu;e] 96 (a) Public Land Encroachment Act, r`rh; fyax ls lacaf/kr O;fä 96&98 31 People Belonging to the third sex eksvj okgu vf/kfue; ds vurxzr 98&99 32 Compensation under Motor eqvkotk Vehicle Act ¼d½ jsy ls nq?kzvuk ;k {kfr gksus ij 99 eqvkotk (a) Claim against railways lkekftd lqj{kk funs'kky; lekt dy;k.k 99- fohkkx,oa ljdkj }kjk pyk;h tk jgh 101 dqn ;kstukvksa dh tkudkjh 34,p-vkbZ-oh- rfkk,m~l ds laca/k esa dqn 101&10 tkudkjh 3 35 f'k{k.k lalfkkuksa esa jsfxax 103& yksd vnkyr rfkk yfecr oknksa dks?kvkus 105&11 esa muds egùo 0 37 yksd vnkyr }kjk vokmz dk izk:i 111& & Information regarding some schemes launched by the Government Directorate of social security & social welfare department 34 Some information about HIV/AIDS 35 Ragging in educational institutions 36 Importance of Lok Adalat and Schemes in reduction of backlog of cases 37 Format of Award of Lok Adalat

6 38 jk"vªh; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj }kjk cuk;h x;h dqn lgk;rkfkz ;kstukvksa dh laf{kir tkudkjh 113& fof/kd lsok gsrq vkosnu izi=&1 116&11 7 ¼d½ izi=& II 118& jk"vªh; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj ¼vlaxfBr 120&12 {ks= ds dkexkjksa dks fof/kd lsok½ ;kstuk] ¼d½ jk"vªh; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj ¼fof/kd lgk;rk fdyuhd½ ;kstuk] 2010 ¼[k½ jk"vªh; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdkj ¼ekufld :i ls fcekj rfkk ekufld :i ls ykpkj dks fof/kd lsok½ ;kstuk] & & Information about some schemes for legal aid and services made by the National Legal Services Authority 39 The Form of Application of Legal Services (a) Form II National Legal Services 120- Authority (Legal services to 121 the workers in the unorganization sector (a) National Legal Services Authority (Legal aid clinics) schemes, 2010 (b) National Legal Services Authority (Legal Services to the Mentally ill person and persons with mental disabilities) schemes, ikjk yhxy HkkWysfUV;lZ ;kstuk] 2009& Para Legal Volunteers Scheme ¼d½ dk;zdze dks dsls iwjk fd;k tk;sxk 124&12 (a) How to implement the 8 project ¼[k½ ikjk yhxy HkkWysfUV;lZ ds dùkzo; 128 (b) Duties of Para Legal Volunteers 42,-Mh-vkj- ¼oSdfYid fookn& gy Qksje½ 128&13 42 ADR (Alternative Dispute dh O;oLFkk 1 Resolution) Forum

7 Page 1 ewyhkwr vko';d dkuwuh ikb lhkh ds fy, Fundamental Essential Lesson in Law for all dkuwu D;k gs \ What is Law? ;g fofhkuu izdkj ds fu;eksa ls cuk;k x;k,slk izko/kku gs tks lh; lekt dh lhkh O;oLFkvksa¼izk.kfy;ksa½ dks fu;af=r o lapkfyr djrs gq, vf/kdkj dh j{kk djrk gs rfkk dùkzo;ksa dk ikyu djkrk gs A What is law? Law consists of certain types of rules regulating system of a civilized society and human conduct and enforcing the rights and duties created by such rules. vf/kdkj D;k gs \ ;g,slk fgr gs ftls O;ogkfjd fu;e }kjk laj{k.k izkir gs vksj ;g os/kkfud ;k usfrd gks ldrk gs A dùkzo; D;k gs \ og dk;z@o;ogkj ftls fu;ekuqlkj O;fä dks djuk pkfg, vksj og os/kkfud ;k usfrd Hkh gks ldrk gs A fnokuh@o;ogkfjd rfkk vijkf/kd U;k; D;k gs \ fnokuh@o;ogkfjd izfdz;k ds vurxzr fdlh O;fä }kjk dh xbz {kfr ds fo:} eqvkotk ;k {kfriwfrz dh dkuwuh dkjzokbz dh tkrh gs tcfd vijkf/kd U;k; rc tue ysrk gs tc 'kjhj ;k leifr dks,slh {kfr igq pk;h tkrh gs tks dkuwu }kjk n.muh; gks A What is right? It is an interest protected by rules of conduct and it may be legal or moral. What is duty? It is an act which ought to be perfomed either being legal or moral What are civil and criminal Justice? Under Civil Proceeding action is taken for providing compensation/ relief for any wrong act whereas Criminal Justice consists in a proceeding for such injuries to person or property which is punishable under law.

8 2 Page 2 U;k;ky;ksa dk oxhzdj.k rfkk fnokuh izfdz;k lafgrk] vijkf/kd izfdz;k lafgrk rfkk caxky] vkxjk,oa vklke flfoy dksvz vf/kfu;e ds vurxzr mudh 'kfä;k mppre U;k;ky; mpp U;k;ky; rfkk ftyk U;k;ky; &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Classes of Courts, Civil Court and Criminal Courts and their power under Civil & Criminal procedure and Bengal, Agra & Assam Civil Court Act. Supreme Court of India. High Court AND District Civil Court eqaflq ¼flfoy tt duh; dksfv½ mu eqdneksa dks ns[krk gs ftldh ekfy;r ¼okn ewy;½ :0 30]000@& rd gks lc tt ¼flfoy tt ojh; dksfv½1 eqdnek dh ekfy;r ¼okn ewy;½ :0 30]000@& ls mij gks A vf/kdre lhek ugha gs ftyk,oa l= U;k;k/kh'k ¼vij ftyk,oa l= U;k;k/kh'k lfgr½ eqaflq ;k lc tt ds fu.kz; ds fo:) ftyk U;k;k/kh'k ds :i esa 2 yk[k rd ekfy;r rd ds eqdneksa ds vihy dh lquokbz djrk gs A dqn fnokuh eqdnesa tks VsªM ekdz,dv Hkkjrh;, mùkjkf/kdkj vf/kfu;e] eksvj okgu nq?kzvuk vf/kfu;e vkfn ls lacaf/kr gs] lh/ks ftyk,oa l= U;k;k/kh'k ds U;k;ky; esa nkf[ky gksrs gsa A Munsif (Civil Judge Junior division) Any suit of the value up to Rs. 30,000/- Sub Judge (Civil Judge Senior division) Any suit of the value above Rs.30,000/- having no maximum limit District & Sessions Judge (including Addl. D& Ss Judge) An appeal lie before Distt. Judge against any judgment passed in Civil Suit of which value is not more than two lac.

9 3 Page 3 vkijkf/kd U;k;ky; District Criminal Courts U;kf;d n.mkf/kdkjh f}rh; Js.kh&,d o"kz ds dkjkokl dh ltk rfkk,d gtkj :i;s rd dk tqekzuk ns ldrs gsa A U;kf;d n.mkf/kdkjh izfke Js.kh& rhu o"kz rd ds dkjkokl dh ltk rfkk ik p gtkj :i;s rd dk tqekzuk nsldrs gsa A lgk;d l= U;k;k/kh'k&dsoy e`r;q n.m ;k vkthou dkjkokl ;k nl o"kz ls vf/kd dkjkokl ds vfrfjdr dksbz ltk ns ldrk gs A eq[; n.mkf/kdkjh e`r;q n.m ;k vkthou dkjkokl,oa lkr o"kz ls vf/kd dkjkokl dh ltk dks NksM+dj dksbz ltk ns ldrs gsa A l= U;k;k/kh'k ¼vij l= U;k;k/kh'k lfgr½ dksbz Hkh ltk ns ldrs gsa ysfdu e`r;qn.m mpp U;k;ky; ls leiq"v gksuk vko';d gs A l= U;k;k/kh'kds :i esa U;kf;d n.mkf/kdkjh ;k lgk;d l= U;k;k/kh'k }kjk nh x;h ltk tks lkr o"kz ls de gs] ds fo:} vihy lqu ldrk gs Magistrate of the 2nd class who can pass sentence of imprison ment up to one year and can award fine up to Rs. 1000/- Magistrate or the 1st class can pass sentence of imprison ment up to three year and fine of Rs. 5000/- Assistant Sessions Judge can pass any sentence of imprison ment except death, imprison ment for life or beyond ten years Sessions Judge including Addl. Sessions Judge -any sentence but death sentence subject to confirmation by High Court and in criminal matter an appeal lie before Sessions Judge in which sentence passed by 2nd class or 1st class magistrate or Assistant Sess. Judge or u/s 325 or 360 Cr.P.C. vijk/k D;k gs \ dksbz dk;z ;k yksi tks] dkuwu }kjk n.muh; gs vksj ftlds laca/k esa ifjokn yk;k tk ldrk gs ;gk ;g tkuuk t:jh gs fd leeu okn,oa okj.v dsl D;k gs \ What is an offence? An act or omission made punishable by Law and a complaint may be made in that respect. Here it is necessary to know the meaning of Summon case and Warrant case. tks vijk/k okj.v dsl ds vurzxr ugha vkrk gs og leeu dsl gs A okj.v dsl ml vijk/k ds laca/k esa gksrk gs ftlesa e`r;qnam] vkthou dkjkokl ;k nks o"kz ls vf/kd ds dkjkokl dh ltk nh tk ldrh gs Summon case means a case relating to an offence, and not being a Warrant case. Warrant case means a case relating to an offence punishable with death, OR imprisonment for a term exceeding two years.

10 4 Page 4 mppre U;k;ky;,oa mpp U;k;ky; dk xbu,oa vf/kdkj Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dh ppkz djrs le; djsxsa A Establishment of Supreme Court and High Courts and their powers will be discussed in course of discussion of the constitution of India. Hkkjrh; n.m lfgrk ds vurzxr 7 o"kz ls de mez ds cppksa }kjk fd;k x;k dksbz dk;z ;k yksi vijk/k ugha gs A ¼S.82½ fnokuh fof/k ¼dkuwu½ blds vurxzr O;fDr ds vf/kdkj ;k tckcnsgh ds laca/k esa fu.kz; nsrs gq, vuqrks"k ¼fjfyQ½ iznku djuk gs A vkijkf/kd fof/k ¼dkuwu½ blds vurxzr fdlh O;fä dh vkijkf/kd tckcnsgh dk fu/kkzj.k dj ltk nh tkrh gs A laos/kkfud dkuwu fnukad dks Hkkjrh; turk us lozleefr ls Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dks viuk;k ftlds vurxzr O;fDr ds vf/kdkj] dùkzo;] lekurk] HkkbZpkjk dk izko/kku fd;k x;k ] lekt dks pykus dh O;oLFkk,oa ikyu djds o djkus ds fy, mppre,oa mpp U;k;ky; dk xbu fd;k x;k rfkk le;kuqlkj O;fä;ksa ds fgr dh j{kk ds fy, u;s izko/kku ¼dkuwu½,oa vu; lk/ku miyc/k djkus ds fy, vuqpnsn ds vurxzr izko/kku cuk;s x;s gs ftldh foospuk vkxs dh x;h gs Under Indian Penal Code an act or omission done by a child under the age of 7 years is not an offence (Sec.- 82) Civil Law By it right and obligation of people is decided and relief is granted. Criminal Law It determines criminal liability of people and punishes. Constitutional Law On the people of India Unanimously gave to ourselves and adopted constitution of India providing provision for rights and duties of the people, equality fraternity and other provision to run the system of India and to enact wherever it necessitates and provision for enforcement of right by establishment of Supreme Court of India and High Court. Further discussion of constitution is made ahead.

11 5 Page 5 Hkkjrh; lafo/kku lafo/kku dh izlrkouk esa Hkkjr dh turk }kjk ;g Li"V?kks"k.k dh x;h gs fd ge Hkkjroklh 'kifkiwozd laizhkqrk leiuu lkekftd Hksn jfgr iztkrkaf=d x.kra= Hkkjr o"kz dh LFkiuk] Hkkjr ds lhkh ukxfjdksa dks lkekftd] vkffkzd,oa jktusfrd U;k; fnykus] vfhko;fä dh Lora=rk] fo'okl] iwtk dh Lora=rk oxsjg] lhkh dks leku volj iznku djus vksj lhkh ds chp lekurk,oa vkilh HkkbZpkjk dks c<+kok nsrs gq, O;fDr dh izfr"bk,oa,drk vksj v[k.mrk ds fy, 26 uoecj] 1949 o"kz esa lafo/kku dks viukrs vksj cukrs gq,] djrs gsa A lafo/kku ds vurxzr Hkkjrh; turk ds eksfyd vf/kdkj vuqpnsn&14 jkt; fdlh O;fä dks dkuwu ds Lrj ij leku volj rfkk leku j{kk iznku djsxk A vuqpnsn 15 fdlh Hkh ukxfjd ds lkfk tkfr] fyax] ewyoa'k] tuelfkku ds vk/kkj ij HksnHkko ugha fd;k tk;sxk vksj lhkh dks lkoztfud LFkkuksa rfkk rkykc]?kkv] lm+d] vkje] dqvk ] nqdku ;k gksvy ij tkus ls ugha jksdk tk ldsxk ftls ljdkjh [kpz ls iw.kzr% ;k vkaf'kd :i ls cuk;k x;k gks A jkt; dks fo'ks"k O;oLFkk efgykvksa vksj cppksa ds fy, djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk rfkk lkekftd,oa 'ks{kf.kd :ils finm+s oxz ds lkfk vuqlwfpr tkfr,oa vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds mrfkku ds fy, fo'ks"k O;oLFkk dh tk ldrh gs A Constitution of India We, the people of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a sovereign socialist secular Democratic Republic and to secure to all its citizens: Justice, Social, economic and political; Liberty of thoughts, expression, belief, faith and worship; Equality of status and of opportunity; and to promote among there all; Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation. In our constituent Assembly this twenty sixth day of November, 1949, do hereby adopt, enact and give to over selves this Constitution. Under Constitution of India Fundamental Rights of the people of India Article- 14 The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India. Article 15 The State shall not discriminate against any citizen, on grounds only of religion, race, Caste, Sex, Place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and place of public entertainment; or b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or party out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public. The State may make any special provision for women, children or for advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizen or for the scheduled casts and the scheduled tribes.

12 6 Page 6 vuqpnsn 16 lkoztfud ¼ljdkjh½ fu;qfä;ksa esa tkfr] fyax] tue LFkku vkfn ds vk/kkj ij volj iznku djus ls budkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gs A ljdkj fu;qfä;ksa,oa izksuufr esa finm+h tkfr;ksa] vuqlwfpr tkfr,oa vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa ds vkj{k.k dh O;oLFkk dj ldrh gs A vuqpnsn 17 izpfyr o.kz O;oLFkk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, NqvkNwr dks lekir djrs gq, bls n.muh; cuk;k x;k gs A vuqpnsn 19 Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dks fopkj O;ä djus dh Lora=rk gs] dgha Hkh tkus] fcuk 'kl= ds,d= gksus] clus ;k la?k cukus] O;olk; djus dh Hkh Lora=rk gs A vuqpnsn 21 izr;sd ukxfjd dks vius <ax ls thus dk vf/kdkj gksxk vksj flok; dkuwuh izko/kku ds nsfgd,oa O;fäxr Lora=k ls oafpr ugha fd;k tk ldsxk A vuqpnsn 22 vkijkf/kd ekeyksa ds fy, fxj rkj O;fä dks ;g vf/kdkj gksxk fd fxj rkjh ds vk/kkj dh lwpuk mls nh tk;sa vksj mls vius odhy ls lykg djus dk Hkh vf/kdkj gksxk rkfd og viuk cpko dj lds A fxj rkj O;fä dks 24?kaVs ds Hkhrj eftlvªsv ds le{k izlrqr fd;k tkuk vfuok;z gs ¼dfri; ekeyksa esa] tsls 'k=q vu; ns'kh; ;k fujks/kkred fu;e ds vurxzr dh x;h fxj rkjh vkfn dks NksM+dj½ Article 16 No citizen can be denied opportunity in matter relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State on the basis of caste, religion, birth place etc. and the State may make provision for reservation of appointment in favour of backward class and promotion for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Article 17 Keeping in view the four castes system prevailing in the society, untouchability has been abolished and any person found practicing it will be punishable Article 19 Citizens of India have right to freedom of speech and expression, to assemble peaceably, to form associations or unions, to make freely throughout the India as to reside and settle on any part of the territory of India, to practice any profession or to carry on occupation Article 21 No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Article 22 A person arrested on the criminal charges shall have right to consult his/her counsel and such arrested person should be produced within 24 hours of arrest before a Magistrate and the reason of arrest be also informed but the arrested person shall have no such right if arrested under preventive laws or such person is enemy alien etc.

13 7 Page 7 vuqpnsn 23 fdlh ekuo ls csxkj ;k vu; cyiwozd Je djokuk fu"ks/k gs rfkk ekuo O;kikj Hkh djuk vijk/k gs A 'kks"k.k ds fo:) ;g O;oLFkk dh x;h gs A vuqpnsn 24 dksbz Hkh cppk] ftldh vk;q 14 o"kz ls de gs] ls Je ;k etnwjh ugha djok;h tk ldrh gs vksj fdlh Hkh dkj[kkuk ;k [kku ;k vu; [krjukd dk;z esa dkexkj ds :i esa ugha j[kk tk ldrk gs A vuqpnsn 25 izr;sd ukxfjd lkoztfud 'kkfur lnkpkj,oa LokLF; vkfn dks fcuk uqdlku igq pk, viuk /kkfezd d`r; djus,oa /kez viukus,oa /kez dk izpkj djus ds fy, Lora= gs rfkk dksbz /kkfezd dk;z,oa iwtk djus ds fy, Lora= gs A vuqpnsn 26 izr;sd leiznk; dks vius /kez ds izpkj&izlkj djus] /kkfezd d`r; vkfn ds fy, lalfkk LFkkfir djus,oa laifr vftzr djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk ijurq ;g vf/kdkj yskd 'kkfur vkfn ds v/khu gksxk A vuqpnsn 28 dksbz 'ks{kf.kd lalfkku] tks iw.kzr% jkt; fuf/k ls pyk;k tkrk gs] og /kkfezd f'k{kk iznku ugha djsxk A vuqpnsn 29 izr;sd oxz dks] ftldh viuh Hkk"kk] lald`fr] fyfi vkfn gs vksj tks nwljs oxz ls fhkuu gs] mls lajf{kr djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk A jkt; }kjk iksf"kr ;k jkt; fuf/k ls lgk;rk ikus okyk f'k{k.k lalfkku tkfr] /kez vkfn ds vk/kkj ij fdlh ukxfjd dk ukekadu djus ls budkj ugha djsxk A Article 23 Traffic in human being and beggar and other similar forced labour and prohibited. It is right against exploitation. Article 24 No child shall be employed to work in a factory or mine or engaged in any hazardous employment of whose age is below 14 years. Article 25 All persons are equally entitled to profess, practice and propagate religion but subject to public order, morality and health. Article 26 Every religious section shall have right to acquire property and manage it and to establish institution subject to public order. Article 28 No religious instruction shall be imparted by any educational institution wholly maintained out of state fund. Article 29 Any section of citizens shall have right to conserve its distinct language, script or culture and no citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by state fund on grounds only of religion, race, caste etc..

14 8 Page 8 vuqpnsn 30 Hkk"kk ;k /kez ij vk/kkfjr vyila[;d leqnk; dks viuh :fp ds vuqlkj f'k{k.k lalfkku LFkkfir djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk A mi;qzdr eksfyd vf/kdkjksa dh j{kk gsrq dksbz Hkh ukxfjd mppre U;k;ky; esa lafo/kku ds vuqpnsn 32 rfkk mpp U;k;ky; esa vuqpnsn 226 ds vurxzr vkosnu ns ldrk gs A nwljk i;kzir mipkj miyc/k ugha gksus dh flfkfr esa U;k;ky; dks canh izr;{khdj.k] ijekns'k] fu"ks/k] mrizs"k.k ;k vf/kdkj i`pnk fjv] vkns'k ;k funs'k tkjh djus dk vf/kdkj izkir gs tks O;fä dh ifjflfkfr ds vuqlkj dh x;h izkfkzuk ij vk/kkfjr gksxk A canh izr;{khdj.k tc dksbz O;fä fof/k fo:) canh cuk;k x;k gks rks oslh flfkfr esa viuh O;fäxr Lora=rk ds fy, og mppre U;k;ky; ;k mpp U;k;ky; esa vkosnu ns ldrk gs A ijekns'k ;g fdlh O;fä] fuxe] fueu U;k;ky; ;k ljdkj ds fo:) fuxzr fd;k tkrk gs tc og yksd dùkzo; ftls djus ds fy, dkuwu ck/; gs] ml dùkzo; dks djus esa foqy jgrk gs rks ml fo'ks"k dùkzo; dks djus ds fy, ;g vkns'k ;k fjv tkjh fd;k tkrk gs A izfr"ks/k ;g v/khulfk U;k;ky; dks {ks=kf/kdkj ls ckgj tkdj dk;zokgh djus ls jksdrk gs A Article 30 All minorities shall have right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice whether based on religion or language. A Citizen of India has right to move either to Supreme Court or High Court for remedy (redressal ) of his/her right, if right has been infringed, by filing an application under article 32 before the Supreme Court and under article 226 of the constitution before the High Court for issuance of order, direction or writ of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo-warrant or certiorari according to circumstance and grievances when no alternative efficacious remedy is available. Habeas Corpus If a person has been illegally detained, in such circumstance to secure personal liberty, he may move before the Supreme Court or High Court. Mandamus It is issued to direct a person, corporation, inferior Court or Government requiring to do some Particular thing specified which appertains to office and is in the nature of a public duty to do that which is under a clear legal duty to do. Prohibition It restrains the tribunal from proceeding further in excess of jurisdiction.

15 9 Page 9 vf/kdkj i`pnk vos/k <ax ls fdlh in dks /kkj.k djus okys O;fä ds fo:) ;g vkns'k ;k fjv tkjh fd;k tkrk gs vksjs mls ;g crkus ds fy, dgk tkrk gs fd og fdl vf/kdkj ls in /kkj.k fd;k gs ;k nkok dj jgk gs A mrizs"k.k ;g fueu U;k;ky; dh dk;zokgh dks lekir djus ds fy, tkjh fd;k tkrk gs tc fueu U;k;ky; us {ks=kf/kdkj ds fcuk ;k mlds ckgj tkdj dk;zokgh dh gks ;k fof/k fo:) dk;zokgh dh gks A Quo- warrant It lies against a person who has wrongfully usurped an office, franchise, writ calls upon the holder of the office to show and what authority he holders office of franchise. Certiorari It lies to quash or remove proceeding on the ground of want or excess of jurisdiction or order being had on its face. vuqpnsn 51¼d½ lafo/kku dk ikyu djsa vksj mlds vkn'kksz] lalfkkvksa] jk"vª&/ot vksj jk"vªxku dk vknj djsa A Lora=rk ds fy, gekjs jk"vªh; vkunksyu dks izsfjr djus okys mpp vkn'kksz dks ân; esa latks, j[ksa vksj mudk ikyu djsa A Hkkjr dh izhkqrk],drk vksj v[kamrk dh j{kk djsa vksj mls v{kq..k j[ksa A ns'k dh j{kk djsa vksj vkg~oku fd, tkus ij jk"vª dh lsok djsa A Hkkjr ds lhkh yksaxksa esa lejlrk vksj leku Hkzkr`Ro dh Hkkouk dk fuekz.k djs tks /kez] Hkk"kk vksj izns'k ;k oxz ij vk/kkfjr lhkh HksnHkko ls ijs gks],slh izfkkvksa dk R;kx djs tks fl=;ksa ds leeku ds fo:) gsa A Article 51 (A) To abide by the constitution and respect its ideals and institution, the National Flag and the National Anthem To Cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspered our National Straggle for freedom To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India. to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities, to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.

16 10 Page 10 gekjh feyh&tqyh lald`fr dh xksjo'kkyh ijaijk dk egro le>sa vksj mldks cuk, j[ksa A izkd`frd i;kzoj.k dh] ftlds vurxzr ou] >hy] unh vksj ou; thou gsa] j{kk djs vksj mldk lao/kzu djs rfkk izk.kh ek= ds izfr n;khkko j[ks A oskkfud n`f"vdks.k] ekuorkokn vksj KkuktZu rfkk lq/kkj dh Hkkouk dk fodkl djs A lkoztfud laifùk dks lqjf{kr j[ks vksj fgalk ls nwj jgs A O;fDrxr vksj lkewfgd xfrfof/k;ksa ds lhkh {ks=ksa esa mrd"kz dh vksj c<+us dk lrr iz;kl djs ftlls jk"vª fujarj ubz miyfc/k;ka izkir djrs gq, Å pk mbrk tk; A /kkjk 2 ¼d½ ekuokf/kdkj dk eryc mlls gs tks O;fä ds thou] Lora=rk] lekurk,oa izfr"bk ls laca/k j[krk gs ftls lafo/kku }kjk iznùk fd;k x;k gs ;k vurjkz"vªh; fu;eksa ds vuqlkj ¼la;qDr jk"vª dh vke lhkk }kjk 1966 esa viuk;k x;k½ lekfgr gs vksj U;k;ky; }kjk mldk ikyu djok;k tk ldrk gsa /kkjk 3,oa 21 ds vuqlkj jk"vªh; ekuo vf/kdkj vk;ksx,oa jkt; ekuo vf/kdkj vk;ksx dk xbu fd;k tkrk gs A /kkjk 2(e) /kkjk 30 ds vurxzr fufnz"v fd;k x;k ekuokf/kdkj U;k;ky; ;fn l= U;k;ky; fo'ks"k U;k;ky; ds :i esa fufnz"v gs rks og ;k fo'ks"k U;k;ky; xfbr gs mls lecksf/kr gs A To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture. To protect and improve the natural invironment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have compassion for living creatures to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of enquiry and reform To safeguard public property and to abjure violence To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement. Section 2 (d) Human rights means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual by the constitution or embodied in the international covenants (adopted by G.A.D.U.N. in 1966) and enforceable by Courts in India. Section 3 and 21 The National Human Rights Commission and the State Human Rights Commission are constituted. Sec. 2(e) Human Rights Court as specified u/s 30 if (a) a Court of Session is specified as a special Court or (b) a special Court is already constituted.

17 11 Page 11 véok jkt; ljdkj eq[; U;k;k/kh'k dh lgefr ls vf/klwpuk }kjk U;k;ky; dks fufnz"v djsxk ftls fopkj.k dk {ks=kf/kdkj gksxk A /kkjk&12 vk;ksx ds dk;z,oa {ks=kf/kdkj vk;ksx fueu ;k muesa ls fdlh dk;z dks leikfnr djsxk%& ¼d½ Lo;a ;k izhkkfor O;fä }kjk vkosnu fn;s tkus ij (i) ekuo vf/kdkjksa ds myya?ku ;k mlds nq"izsj.k ds laca/k esa (ii) ljdkjh lsod }kjk ekuo vf/kdkjksa ds myya?ku ds jksdus esa mis{kk fd;s tkus ds f'kdk;r dh tk p djsxk A ¼[k½ fdlh dk;zokgh] ftlesa ekuo vf/kdkj ds myya?ku dh f'kdk;r dk ekeyk lfuufgr gks] glr{ksi dj ldsxk A ¼x½ jkt; ljdkj dks lwpuk nsdj tsy ;k vu; canhx`g esa tkdj dsfn;ksa ds jgus dk Lrj] lq/kkj] lqj{kk] fpfdrlk vkfn ij viuh flqkfj'ksa ljdkj dks nsuk A ¼?k½ ekuo vf/kdkj ds cpko ds fy, lafo/kku esa iznùk vf/kdkjksa ij iqufozpkj djuk vksj mugsa izhkkoh <ax ls ykxw djus laca/kh lq>ko nsuk A ¼³½ vkradoknh dkjukesa vksj mlds dkj.kksa ds rf; ij iqufozpkj rfkk ekuo vf/kdkj ds mihkksx esa cu jgs ck/;dkjh ckrksa ds laca/k esa mik; laca/kh lq>ko nsuk A Otherwise by notification the State Government may specify in concurrence with the Chief Justice to try offences. Section 12 Function and power of the Commission:- (a) Enquire, suo moto or on a petition presented to it by a victim or any person on his behalf, into complaint of- (i) Violation of human rights or abetment thereof; or (ii) negligence in the prevention of such violation, by a public servant; (b) intervene in any Proceeding involving any allegation of violation of human rights before a court. (c) Visit, under intimation to the State Government, any Jail or any other institution under the control of the State Govt. where persons are detained or lodged for the purpose of treatment reformation or protection and to study the living conditions of the inmates and make recommendation thereon. (d) Review the safeguards provided by or under the constitution or any law for the time being in force for the protection of human rights and recommend measures for their effective implementation. (e) Review the factors, including acts of terrorism, that inhibit the enjoyment of human rights and recommend appropriate remedial measures

18 12 Page 12 ¼p½ vurjkz"vªh; le>ksrksa] tks ekuo vf/kdkj ds laca/k esa gksa] dk v/;;u dj mls izhkkodkjh <ax ls ykxw djokus dk lq>ko nsuk A (f) Study treaties and other international instruments on human rights and make recommendations for their effective implementations. ¼N½ ekuo vf/kdkj ds laca/k esa vuqla/kku djuk vksj vuqla/kku dks c<+kok nsuk A (g) undertake and promote research in the field of human rights. ¼t½ ekuo vf/kdkj laca/kh tkudkfj;k lekt ds fofhkuu oxksz esa QSykuk rfkk ekuo vf/kdkj dh lqj{kk] cpko laca/kh tkudkfj;ksa dks izdk'ku] lsfeukj] izsl ;k Vh0oh0 vkfn ds ek/;e ls c<+ok nsuk A ¼>½ ekuo vf/kdkj ds fy, dk;zjr xsj ljdkjh lalfkkvksa ds iz;kl dks izksrlkgu nsuk A ¼ k½ ekuo vf/kdkj dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, vko';d vu; dk;z djuk A /kkjk&18 tk p ds ckn vk;ksx fueu dne mbk,xk%& ¼1½ tk pksijkur ekuo vf/kdkj ds myya?ku ;k cpko esa fd;s x;s mis{kk ds laca/k esa lacaf/kr inkf/kdkjh ds fo:) ljdkj ;k mi;qdr inkf/kdkjh dks dk;zokgh gsrq flqkfj'k djuk A ¼2½ mppre U;k;ky; ;k mpp U;k;ky; ds le{k funs'k] vkns'k ;k fjv tkjh djusds fy, izkfkzuk djuk A (h) spread human rights literacy among various sections of society and promote occurrences of the safeguards available for the protection of those rights through publications, the media, seminars and other available means; (i) encourage the efforts of non governmental organizations and institutions working in the field of human rights. (j) Such other functions as it may consider necessary for the promotion of human rights; Section 18 After enquiry commission will take the following steps: (1) on enquiry if violation or negligence in protection of human rights is found, then to recommend to the Govt. or an appropriate authority for initiation of proceeding against the erring officer. (2) approach the Supreme Court or the High Court concerned for such direction, orders or writs as that court may deem necessary;

19 13 Page 13 ¼3½ ihfm+r O;fä ;k mlds ifjokj dks eqvkotk nsus ds fy, ljdkj ;k inkf/kdkjh ls flqkfj'k djuk A ¼4½ tk p fjiksvz dh izfr vkosnd ;k mlds izfrfuf/k dks miyc/k djk,xk A ¼5½ tk p fjiksvz dh izfr ds lkfk flqkfj'k dks ljdkj ;k inkf/kdkjh dks,d ekg ds vunj Hkstsxk lkfk gh dh x;h dkjzokbz ;k dh tkus okyh dkjzokbz vk;ksx dks viuh fvii.kh ds lkfk Hkstsxk A ¼6½ ekuokf/kdkj vk;ksx tk p izfrosnu ¼fVIi.kh ds lkfk½,oa dh x;h dkjzokbz ;k dh tkus okyh izlrkfor dkjzokbz dks izdkf'kr djsxk A /kkjk&29 jkt; ekuokf/kdkj vk;ksx dks Hkh ogh 'kfä;k izkir gksaxh,oa dk;z {ks= jgsxk tks jk"vªh; ekuokf/kdkj vk;ksx dks gs A (3) Recommend to the concerned Government or authority for the grant of such immediate interim relief to the victim or the members of his family as the commission may consider necessary. (4) Subject to the provisions of clause (5) provide a copy of the enquiry report to the petitioner or his representative. (5) Copy of inquiry report with recommendation shall be sent to the govt. or authority within a period of one month and shall also forward action taken or proposed to be taken to the commission. 6) Human Rights Commission equiry report alongwith comment and action taekn or proposed action to be taken will publish. Section 29 State Human Rights Commission shall have the same power and Jurisdicti0n which are enjoyed by the National Human Rights commission. ukjh l'kfädj.k efgykvksa ls lacaf/kr dkuwusa Law Related to Women?kjsyw fgalk ls efgyk laj{k.k vf/kfu;e] 2005?kjsyw fgalk D;k gs\ The Protection of Women from Domestic violence Act, 2005 What is domestic violence.

20 14 Page 14 /kkjk 2 ¼N½,oa 3 ds vuqlkj 'kkjhfjd nqo;zogkj vfkkzr 'kkjhfjd ihm+k] vigkfu ;k thou ;k vax ;k LokLF; dks [krjk ;k ysfxax nqo;zogkj vfkkzr efgyk dh xfjek dk myya?ku] vieku ;k frjldkj djuk ;k vfrdze.k djuk ;k eksf[kd vksj HkkoukRed nqo;zogkj vfkkzr vieku] migkl] xkyh nsuk ;k vkffkzd nqo;zogkj vfkkzr vkffkzd ;k foùkh; lalk/kuksa] ftldh og gdnkj gs] ls oafpr djuk] ;s lhkh?kjsyw fgalk dgykrs gsa A /kkjk& 4?kjsyw fgalk fd;k tk pqdk gks ;k fd;k tkus okyk gs ;k fd;k tk jgk gs] dh lwpuk dksbz Hkh O;fä laj{k.k vf/kdjh dks ns ldrk gs ftlds fy, lwpuk nsus okys ij fdlh izdkj dh fteesnkjh ugha r; dh tk,xh A /kkjk&5 ;fn /kjsyw fgalk dh dksbz lwpuk fdlh iqfyl vf/kdkjh ;k laj{k.k vf/kdkjh ;k eftlvªsv dks nh x;h gs rks muds }kjk ihfm+rk dks tkudkjh nsuh gksxh fd%& ¼d½ mls laj{k.k vkns'k ikus dk ¼[k½ lsok iznkrk dh lsok miyc/krk ¼x½ laj{k.k vf/kdkjh dh lsok dh miyc/krk ¼?k½ eq r fof/kd lgk;rk izkir djus dk ¼³½ ifjokn&i= nkf[ky djus dk vf/kdkj izkir gs A ij laks; vijk/k ds fy, iqfyl dks dkjzokbz djus ls ;g izko/kku ugha jksdrk gs A /kkjk 10 lsok iznkrk] tks fu;er% fucaf/kr gks] og Hkh eftlvªsv ;k laj{kk vf/kdkjh dks?kjsyw fgalk dh lwpuk ns ldrk gs A Section 2 (g) and 3 Domestic violence is physical abuse committed either by causing physical harm, danger to life or health or sexual abuse which includes humiliation or violates the dignity of women or by verbal or emotional abuse causing insult, ridicule with regard to not having child or male child or even by economic abuse by depriving economic or financial resources to which the aggrieved person is entitled. Section 4 Any person may give information of Domestic violence already committed or is being committed or to be committed to protection officer for which the person who has given the informati0n shall not be held for the same. Section 5 If any information about an act of Domestic violence is given to a Police Officer, protection officer or Magistrate then it shall be their duty to inform the victim that she has a rights:- (a) to apply for protection order (b) availability of services of service provider (c) availability of services of protection officer (d) right to get free legal service (e) to file a complaint. But police shall also have jurisdiction in cognizable offence. Section 10 Services provider if registered under the law may furnish report about Domestic violence.

21 15 Page 15 /kkjk 12 ihfm+rk ;k laj{k.k vf/kdkjh ;k vu; dksbz?kjsyw fgalk ds ckjs esa ;k eqvkotk ;k uqdklku ds fy, eftlvªsv dks vkosnu ns ldrk gs A bldh lquokbz frffk rhu fnuksa ds vunj dh fu/kkzfjr gksxh,oa fu"iknu 60 fnuksa ds vunj gksxk A /kkjk 14 eftlvªsv ihfm+rk dks lsok iznkùkk ls ijke'kz ysus dk funs'k ns ldsxk A /kkjk 16 i{kdkj,slh bpnk djas rks dk;zokgh can dejs es gks ldsxh A /kkjk 17 rfkk 18 ihfm+rk dks lk>h x`glfkh esa fuokl djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk vksj dkuwuh izfdz;k ds vfrfjdr mldk fu"dklu ugha fd;k tk ldsxk Amlds i{k esa laj{k.k vkns'k ikfjr fd;k tk ldsxk A Section 12 An aggreived person or protection officer or any person may present an application about Demestic violence or for compensation or damage. Date for hearing shall be fixed not beyond three days and disposal shall be in 60 days. Section 14 Magistrate may direct the aggreived person to undergo counselling with service provider. Section 16 Proceeding may be conducted in camera if the parties desiere so. Section 17 & 18 Every women shall have right to reside in a shared household and shall not be evicted except by process of law and protection order may be passed in her favour. /kkjk 19 ihfm+rk dks vksj mlds larku dks laj{k.k iznku djrs gq, laj{k.k nsus dk LFkkuh; Fkkuk dks funs'k nsus ds lkfk fuokl vkns'k,oa fdlh rjg ds Hkqxrku ds laca/k esa Hkh vkns'k ikfjr fd;k tk ldsxk vksj leifùk dk dctk okil djus dk Hkh vkns'k fn;k tk ldsxk A /kkjk 20 rfkk 22 foùkh; vuqrks"k& ihfm+rk ;k mlds larku dks?kjsyw fgalk ds ckn fd;s x;s [kpz,oa gkfu dh iwfrz ds fy, eftlvªsv funs'k ns ldsxk rfkk Hkj.k&iks"k.k dk Hkh vkns'k ns ldsxk,oa izfrdj vkns'k Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gs A Section 19 Residence order in favour of the victim and her child may be passed giving protection with direction to the Police Station to give protection and may order to return the property to the victim to which she is entitled. Section 20 and 22 Monetary reliefs Magistrate may pass direction for paying monetary relief to meet loss suffered or expenses incured by the victim or her child as a result of domestic violence and also for maintenance with sending copy to the Police Station and compensation order may be passed.

22 16 Page 16 /kkjk 21 vfhkj{kk vkns'k larku ds laca/k esa ns ldsxk ;k larku ls HksaV djus dk Hkh vkns'k esftlvsªv ns ldsxk A /kkjk& 24 i{kdkjksa dks vkns'k dh izfr fu%'kqyd U;k;ky; }kjk fn;k tk,xk A Section- 21 Magistrate may pass an order for custody of child or for arrangement for visit of the child. Section- 24 Copy of order passed by the court shall be given free of cost to the parties. The Protection of Women from Domestic violence Rules 2006 fu;e&9 vkikrdkyhu ekeyksa esa iqfyl dh lsok dh ekax laj{k.k vf/kdkjh ;k lsok iznkrk }kjk dh tk ldrh gs A fu;e& 13 ijke'kznkrkvksa dh fu;qfä laj{k.k vf/kdkjh }kjk miyc/k lwph esa ls dh tk;sxh A Rule 9 In case of emergency Protection Officer or service provider shall seek immediate assistance of the Police. Section 13 Protection Officer shall appoint counsellors out of the available list. cky&fookg izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 2006 ;g vf/kfu;e] cky&fookg vf/kfu;e] 1929] ftlesa 1949 rfkk 1978 esa 'kknh dh mez lhek c<+kus ds fy, la'kks/ku fd;k x;k Fkk] vksj efgyk ekuokf/kdkj vk;ksx dh flqkfj'kksa dks /;ku esa j[k dj cuk;k x;k ijurq mlds vurxzr fookg dks 'kwu;?kksf"kr ugha fd;k tk ldrk Fkk A /kkjk 3 cky fookg] ;fn iq:"k gs vksj mldh mez 21 o"kz ugha gs,oa efgyk gs vksj mldh mez 18 o"kz ugha gs] gksus ij The Prohibition of child Marriage Act, 2006 The present Act has been enacted keeping in view the recommendation of the Human Right commission for women as under earlier Act. The child marriage Restraint Act, 1929 which amended twice in 1949 and 1978 to raise the age limit for the purpose of marriage but under that Act marriage could not have been declared void. Section 3 Marriage of child if male below the age of 21 years and Female below the age of 18 shall be voidable at the option of party under the above age.

23 17 Page 17 ml i{kdkj dh izkfkzuk ij ftldh mez 21 o"kz ;k 18 o"kz ls de gs 'kwu;dj.kh gksxk AfMdzh ftyk U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fd;k tk,xk A okn ukckfyx ds vfohkkod ;k okn fe= }kjk yk;k tk,xk ;fn i{kdkj ukckfyx gs A eqdnek fdlh Hkh le; ysfdu ukckfyx ds ckfyx gksus ds 2 o"kz rd nkf[ky fd;k tk ldsxk A /kkjk 4 efgyk i{kdkj ds Hkj.k&iks"k.k vksj jgus ds fy, O;oLFkk dk vkns'k ftyk U;k;ky; djsxk vksj iq:"k }kjk bldk vuqikyu fd;k tk,xk A ;fn iq:"k i{kdkj ukckfyx gs rks ;g vkns'k mlds vfohkkod ds fo:) fd;k tk;sxk A /kkjk 5 cky fookg ls mriuu larku ds vfhkj{kk,oa Hkj.k&iks"k.k ds laca/k esa ftyk U;k;ky; }kjk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k tk ldsxk A If the contracting party is minor, the case shall filed through grardian or next friend. A case may be filed any time but before the child filing the petition completes two years of attaining majority. Section 4 The District Court may make order, interim or final, to pay maintenance and to make provision for residence of female. If the male is minor, the order will be made against his guardian. Section 5 District Court shall make an order for custody and maintenance of children of child marriage. /kkjk 8 ftyk U;k;ky; esa vuqrks"k ds fy, vkosnu nkf[ky fd;k tk ldsxk /kkjk 12 ukckfyx dk fookg ;fn vfohkkod ds laj{k.k ls fudkydj] ;k cyiwozd ;k /kks[ks ls ;k fookg oklrs csp nsus ij dh x;h gs rks og fookg 'kwu; gksxk A /kkjk 13 U;kf;d n.mkf/kdkjh izfke Js.kh ukckfyx ds fookg dks jksdus dk vkns'k] vkosnu ;k ukckfyx fookg fu"ks/k inkf/kdkjh ds vkosnu ;k vu; ek/;e ls f'kdk;r fd;s tkus ij ikfjr dj ldsxk,oa Lo;a Hkh tkudkjh izkir gksus ij vkns'k ls fookg jksd ldsxk A Section 8 For grant of reliefs a petition may be filed in the District Court. Section 12 If a child marriage is solemnised taking out of the custody of a guardian or by force or deceitful means or on sale for marriage purpose shall be null and void. Section 13 A Judicial Magistrate of the 1st class may issue injuction prohibiting child marriage on filing petition by the child marriage prohibiting officer or by any person or suo moto.

24 18 Page 18 /kkjk 16 ukckfyx fookg fu"ks/k inkf/kdkjh dh fu;qfdr ljdkj }kjk dh tk,xh tks vf/kfu;e esa dh x;h O;oLFkkvksa ds vuqikyu djkus ds fy, tckcnsg gksxk A Section 16 Child Marriage prohibition officer shall be appointed by the State govt. who will be responsible for implementation of the provisions made under the Act. The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 /kkjk 2 ngst dk eryc gs dksbz leifr ;k cgqewy; izfrhkwfr nsuk ;k nsus ds fy, izr;{k ;k ijks{k :i ls% ¼d½ fookg ds,d i{kdkj }kjk nwljs i{kdkj dks( ;k ¼[k½ fookg ds fdlh i{kdkj ds vfohkkod ;k nwljs O;fä }kjk fookg ds fdlh i{kdkj dks fookg ds le; ;k igys ;k ckn nsus ;k nsus ds fy, lger gksuk A ysfdu ftu ij eqflye fof/k ykxw gksrh gs muds laca/k esa egj ngst esa 'kkfey ugha gksxk A /kkjk&3 ngst ysus ;k nsus dk vijk/k djus okys dks de ls de ik p o"kz ds dkjkokl lkfk esa de ls de iunzg gtkj :i;s ;k mruh jkf'k ftruh dher migkj dh gks] buesa ls tks Hkh T;knk gks] ds tqekzus dh ltk nh tk ldrh gs A ysfdu 'kknh ds le; oj ;k o/kw dks tks migkj fn;k tk,xk vksj mls fu;ekuqlkj lwph esa vafdr fd;k tk,xk og ngst dh ifjhkk"kk ls ckgj gksxk A Section 2 Dowry - means any property or valuable security given or agreed to be given either directly or indirectly:- (a) by one party to a marriage to the other party to the marriage; or (b) by the parents of either party to a marriage or by any other person, to either party to the marriage or to any other person, party at or before or any time after the marriage in connection with the marriage of said parties but does not include dower or mahr in the case of person to whom the Muslim Personal law (shariat) applies. Section 3 If dowry is given or taken, it shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term not less than five years and with fine which shall be not less than rupees fifteen thousand or the amount of the value of such dowry whichever is more. But by way of gift given at the time of marriage either to the bride or bridegroom and included in the list as per provision will not be covered by the definition of dowry.

25 19 Page 19 /kkjk 4 ngst dh ekax ds fy, tqekzuk& ;fn fdlh i{kdkj ds ekrk firk] vfhkhkkod ;k fj'rsnkj izr;{k ;k ijks{k :i ls ngst dh ekax djrs gssas rks mugsas de ls de N% ekl vksj vf/kdre nks o"kksaz ds dkjkokl dh ltk vksj nl gtkj :i;s rd tqekzuk gks ldrk gs A /kkjk 4, fdlh Hkh O;fä }kjk izdk'ku ;k fefm;k ds ek/;e ls iq=&iq=h ds 'kknh ds,ot esa O;olk; ;k leifùk ;k fglls dk dksbz izlrko Hkh ngst dh Js.kh esa vkrk gs vksj mls Hkh de ls de Ng ekl vksj vf/kdre ik p o"kz ds dkjkokl dh ltk rfkk izunzg gtkj :i;s rd tqekzuk gks ldrk gs A /kkjk 6 ;fn dksbz ngst fookfgrk ds vfrfjdr vu; fdlh O;fDr }kjk /kkj.k fd;k tkrk gs rks ngst izkir djus ds rhu ekg ds Hkhrj ;k vksjr ds ukckfyx gksus dh flfkfr esa mlds ckfyx gksus ds,d o"kz ds Hkhrj mls varfjr dj nsxk A ;fn efgyk dh e`r;q gks x;h gks vksj larku ugha gks rks vfohkkod dks ngst vurj.k fd;k tk,xk vksj ;fn larku gs rks larku dks vurj.k fd;k tk,xk A /kkjk 8, ;fn?kvuk ls,d o"kz ds vunj f'kdk;r dh x;h gks rks U;k;ky; iqfyl fjiksvz ;k {kqc/k }kjk f'kdk;r fd;s tkus ij vijk/k dk lakku ys ldsxk A /kkjk 8ch ngst fu"ks/k inkf/kdkjh dh fu;qfä jkt; ljdkj }kjk dh tk,xh tks cuk;s x;s fu;eksa dk vuqikyu djkus ;k ngst dh ekax ds fy, mdlkus ;k ysus ls jksdus ;k vijk/k dkfjr djus ls lacaf/kr lk{; tqvkus dk dk;z djsxk A Section 4 If the parents, guardian or relative of any party demands dowry will be punished with imprisonment which shall not be less than six months and with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees. Section- 4A Through advestisement if any person offers share in his property or in any buisiness or other interest as consideration for the marriage of his son or daughter will be an offence and shall be punishable notless than six month which may extend to five years imprisonment and fine which may extend to fifteen thousand Section 6 If any property in dowry is received by any person than bride and it is received within three months or if bride was minor and has attained the age of 18 years or if dies leaving no children, then the property shall be transferred to her parents or if died leaving children then to the children. Section 8A The court shall take cognizance on submission of report by the police or on a complaint made by an aggrieved person within one year of the commission of the offence. Section 8B The State Govt. shall appoint Dowry prohibition officer to implement provisions of the Act or to prevent the taking or abetting or demanding dowry or collect evidence for prosection.

26 20 Page 20 /kkjk 2¼2½ Mk;u ls vfhkizsr ml vksjr ls gs ftldh igpku fdlh nwljs O;fä dks dkyk&tknw] cqjh utj ;k ea=ksa ls gkfu igq pkus dh 'kfä j[kus okys ds :i esa dh tkrh gs A /kkjk&2¼3½ igpkudùkkz ls vfhkizsr gs ml O;fä ls gs tks ;fn fdlh O;fä dks Mk;u ds :i esa fpfðr djus ds fy, nwljs O;fä dks cgdkrk vfkok lqfo/kk nsrk gs ftlls fpfðr O;fä dks gkfu igq ps ;k igq pus dh lahkkouk gks A /kkjk 2¼4½ vks>k ls vfhkizsr ml O;fä ls gs tks ;g nkok djrk gs fd og Mk;u dks fu;af=r djus dh {kerk j[krk gs A og xq.kh ;k 'ks[kk ;k vu; uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gs A /kkjk&6 ;fn dksbz O;fä fdlh efgyk ftldh Mk;u ds :i esa igpku dh x;h gks] ds mipkj ds fy, >km+&qw d ;k VksVdk dj ekufld gkfu ;k ;kruk igq pkrk gs ;k izrkfm+r djrk gs rks mls,d o"kz rd ds dkjkokl dh ltk ;k nks gtkj dk tqekzuk ;k nksuksa ls nafmr fd;k tk,xk A Prevention of Dain (writchcraft) Act 1999 Section 2(2) Dain (witch) means such a women who possesses power to cause harm to any other person by means of evil spirit, illusion, phantasm or witchery. Section 2(3) Identifer is a person who initially identities any other person as a witch or who otherwise abets, instigates or facilitate with instend to causing harm to safty, security and reputations of the person whom he identifies as witch (Daain) Section 2(4) Ojha is a person who claims to possess capacity to control Daain (witch) whether he is known in the name of "Guni" or Sokha" or any other name. Section 6 If a woman identified as a Daain (witch) and she in order to redress causes mental harm or torture incourse of exorcism, the person does exorcism on such woman shall be punished for imprisonment upto one year or fime of rupees two thousand or by both. /kkjk 2¼d½ os';ky; ml txg dks dgrs gs ftl dejk] LFkku] x`g ;k fdlh LFkku ij nsfgd 'kks"k.k ;k nqo;zogkj fd;k tkrk gs tks fdlh ds ykhk ;k vkilh ykhk ds fy, O;og`r fd;k tkrk gks A The Immoral Traffic (prevention) Act 1956 Section 2(a) Brothel includes any house, room (conveyance) or place which is used for purpose of sexual exploitation or abuse for the gain of other person or for the mutual gain of two or more prostitutes.