SHRI KRISHAN LAW COLLEGE, KOTPUTLI (JAIPUR)

Transcription

1 Contract I (General Principles) Paper I 1. Acceptance is to an offer what a lighted match is to a train of gunpowder. Anson. izlrko ds fy, Lohd`fr dk ogh egro gs tks ck:n ls Hkjh xkm+h ds fy, ekfpl dh,d tyrh gqbz fn;klykbz dk gs &,UluA 2. An agreement with minor is void. Explain the statement with exceptions & cases. vo;ld ds lkfk fd;s x;s djkj 'kwu; ;k O;FkZ gksrk gs \ bldh foospuk blds vioknksa rfkk oknksa dh lgk;rk ls dhft,a 3. Define consideration and mention exceptions of the consideration. izfrqy dh ijfhkk"kk nhft;s rfkk blds viokn Hkh crkb;sa Or Agreements without consideration are void. Explain it, if any exceptions discuss its. fcuk izfrqy ds djkj 'kwu; gsa] Li"V dhft,a ;fn dksbz viokn gks rks crkb;sa 4. Discuss the law relating to frustration of contract under Indian contract Act Is commercial impossibility a ground of frustration. Give relevant laws. Hkkjrh; lafonk vf/kfu;e 1872 ds vurxzr lafonk dh fu"qyrk ls lecfu/kr fof/k dk myys[k dhft,a D;k O;kikfjd vlehkork fu"qyrk dk vk/kkj gs \ lecfu/kr fu.kz;ksa dk myys[k dhft,a 5. All contract are agreements but all agreements are not contract discuss. lhkh lafonk, djkj gksrh gs fdurq lhkh djkj lafonk ugha gksrsa O;k[;k dhft,a 6. An agreements requires a meeting of minds. Comment.,d djkj esa ekufld lgefr vko ;d gsa foospuk dhft,a 7. Explain the provisions of Indian contract Act 1872 which deals with the concept of quasi contract. Hkkjrh; lafonk vf/kfu;e 1872 ds mu izko/kkuksa dk myys[k dhft, tks lafonk dyi ;k v/kzlafonk ls LkEcfU/kr gsaa 8. Expalin the difference between wagering agreement and contigement agreement and define the both also. ckth djkj o lekfjr djkj esa vurj dhft, rfkk mudh ifjhkk"kk Hkh nhft;sa 9. Agreements is restraint of trade are void. Discuss it with exception. O;kikj vojks/kh djkj 'kwu; gksrs gs \ vioknksa lfgr bldk o.kzu dhft,a Or What do you mean by void agreement, explain it. Discuss exception if any. 'kwu; djkj ls vki D;k le>rs gs] Li"V dhft,] dksbz viokn gks rks O;k[;k dhft,a 10. Explain the grounds of discharge of contract. Lafonk ds muekspu ds vk/kkjksa dk myys[k dhft;sa 11. Explain the facts, arguments and principles of Law laid down Lalman Shukl Vs Gauri Dutt (1913) 489 Case. Ykkyeu 'kqdy Vs xksjhnrr ¼1913½ 489 ds rf; o izfrikfnr fof/k ds fl)kurksa dk myys[k dhft,a

2 Contract II (Specific Contracts) Paper II 1. What is contract of bailment? What is standard of care a bailee has to take in respect of goods bailed to him? Explain the Bailee s particular lien? mifu/kku lafo/kk fdls dgrs gs\ mifufgrh dks mifufgr olrqvksa ds lecu/k es a fdruh lko/kkuh cjruh pkfg,a mifufgrh ds fof k"v /kkj.kkf/kdkj dh O;k[;k dhft,a 2. What is contract of Guarantee? What are its essential ingredients? To what extent a surety is liable under the conteract of guarantee? Explain? izfrhkwfr dh lafo/kk fdls dgrs gs \ blds D;k vko ;d rro gsa izfrhkwfr dh lafo/kk ds vurxzr,d izfrhkw fdl lhek rd nkf;rok/khu gksrk gsa O;k[;k dhft,a 3. Explain creation and termination of agency? When it is irrevocable by the principal? vfhkdj.k dk l`tu,oa vur dk le>kb,a fdu n kkvksa esa vfhkdj.k ekfyd }kjk vur djus ;ksx; ugh gksrk gs\ 4. Define sale what are the elements of sale? Distinguish between sale and agreement to sale and hire purchage? foø; dk ifjhkkf"kr dhft,a foø; d vko ;d rro D;k gs\ foø;,oa foø; dk djkj es vurj Li"V dhft,a 5. Define condition and warranties? What do you understand by implied conditions and implied warranties? 'krksz,oa okjafv;ksa ls vki D;k le>rs gs\ foof{kr 'krksz o foof{kr okjafv;ksa dks le>kb;sa 6. Write note on the doctrine of Caveat emptor. Refer to emerging trends in this respect in the Indian society? ^^ØsRkk lko/kku^^ ds fl)kur ij fvii.kh fyf[k,a mlds lunhkz esa lekt es a mn; gks jgs orzeku vk;keksa dk o.kzu dhft,\ 7. Who is unpaid Seller? Explain the rights of unpaid seller against the goods? vlanr foøsrk dksu gs\ eky ds izfr vlanr foøsrk ds vf/kdkjksa dh foospuk dhft,a 8. Write short note on the following : (i) Nobody can pass a better title than he himself has. (ii) Risk Prima Facie passes with property. (iii) Doctrine of holding out. (iv) Implied authority of a partner. (v) Mercantile Agent fueu ij fvii.kh fyf[k;s & ¼i½ dksbz Hkh O;fDr vf/kdkj ls Js"B vf/kdkj dk Lor% vu; dks glrkurfjr ugh dj ldrka ¼ii½ tksf[ke izfke n`"v;k leifr ds lkfk glrkurfjr ugh dj ldrka ¼iii½ O;ins ku dk fl)kura ¼iv½ Hkkxhnkj dk miykf{kr izkf/kdkj ¼v½ okf.kft;d vfhkdrkz 9. The relationship of Partnership arises from contract not by status. Discuss with help of decided cases. Hkkxhnkjh ds lecu/k lafonk ls mriuu gksrs gs u fd izflfkfr ls fuf.kzr oknksa dh lgk;rk ls bldh O;k[;kd dhft,\ 10. What is dissolution of a firm? What are the various modes of dissolution of a firm? Explain. QeZ ls fo?kvu ls vki D;k le>rs gs\ QeZ ds fo?kvu ds dksu ls fofhkuu rjhdsa gs\ O;k[;k dhft,a 11. Discuss the facts, arguments, decision and the Principal laid down in :- (i) State of Gujrat V/s Memon Mohd AIR 1967 S.C. xqtjkr jkt; V/s esseu eksgeen AIR 1967 S.C. (ii) Amritlal Goverdhan lallan v/s State bank of Travan Core AIR 1960 ve`r yky xkso/kzuyyu v/s LVsV cs ad vkwq Vªkoudksj AIR 1960

3 Paper III (Law of Torts and Consumer Protection) 1. Explain in detail all the essential elements of Tort with the help of illustrations? Differentiate between Torts & Crime. n`"vkrksa dh lgk;rk ls vid`r; ds lhkh vko ;d rroksa dks folrkj ls le>kb,a vid`r;,oa vijk/k es a vurj crkb;sa 2. Write a short note on the followings : (i) Injuria Sine Damnum (ii) Damnum sine Injuria (iii) Ubi Jus ibi Remedium fueu ij laf{kir fviif.k;ka fyf[k;s %& ¼1½ gkfu ds fcuk {kfr ¼2½ {kfr ds fcuk gkfu ¼3½ tgk vf/kdkj ogk mipkj 3. Discuss with the help of decide lose act of God and Inevitable Accident? nsoh; d`r; o vo ;EHkkoh nq?kzvuk dks fu.khzr oknksa dh lgk;rk ls Li"V dhft,a 4. What is vicarious liability? Discuss the liability of the government for tort committed by its servant. izfrfuf/kd nkf;ro D;k gs\ vius lsodksa }kjk fd;s vid`r; ds fy, ljdkj dk nkf;ro Li"V dhft,a 5. Every person is under a legal duty to take care towards his neighbout. Discuss with the help of decided case. Discuss Negligence? izr;sd O;fDr vius im+kslh ds izfr lko/kkuh cjrus fof/kd dùkzo; ds v/khu gsa bl dfku ds lunhkz es mis{kk dks ifjhkkf"kr dhft,a 6. What is Contributory Negligence? Illustrate the principle of Contributory Negligence? ;ksxnk;h mis{kk D;k gs \ ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ls lecfu/kr izeq[k fooknksa dk o.kzu dhft,a 7. The principle of strict liability has became the principle of absolute liability in India. Discuss the statement. Hkkjr ess a dbksj nkf;ro dk fu;e iw.kz nkf;ro dk fu;e cu x;k gs \ Li"V dhft,a 8. Write a short notes on the following : (i) Res ipsa loquitor (ii) Joint tort feasors (iii) Doctrine of common Employment (iv) Nervous Shock fueu ij laf{kir fviif.k;ka fyf[k;s%& ¼1½?kVuk Lo;a cksyrh gs ¼2½ la;qdr vid`r;drkz ¼3½ lkeku; fu;kstu dk fl)kur ¼4½ ekufld vk?kkr 9. What is information? What are its kind. What are the defences available to a dependant? ekugkuh D;k gs\ ;g fdrus izdkj dh gs\ ekugkuh ds ekeyksa esa izfroknh dks D;k cpko miyc/k gsa 10. A person is liable only upto the extent to which he can forsee the consequences of his act as a reasonable man. Discuss the remoteness of damage. (In Jure non Remota Causa Set Proxima Spectur.) O;fDr dk nkf;ro dsoy ml lhek rd gksrk gs ftl lhek rd og vius dk;ksz ds ifj.kke dk vuqeku dj ldrk gsa bl dfku ds lunhkz esa {kfr dh nwjofrzrk dks le>kb,a 11. Discuss the establishment, Procedure of the meeting and object of central and state consumer protection council? dsunzh;,oa jkt; mihkksdrk laj{k.k ifj"kn dh lajpuk] vf/kos ku dh izfø;k,oa mn~ns ; dh foospuk dhft,a

4 Paper IV (Family Law - I) Hindu Law 1. Discuss various schools and sub schools of Hindu Law. On what points do they differ from each other and how far they relevant in the present time? fgunq fof/k ds fofhkuu 'kk[kkvksa vksj mi kk[kkvksa dh foospuk dhft;sa fdu fcunqvksa ij mues a ijlij fhkuurk gs vksj orzeku le; esa mudh dgkw rd izklafxdrk gsa 2. The provisions of section 5 at the Hindu Law Marriage Act 1955 are such that it contravened under the marriage as void or voidable. Explain in detail. fgunq fookg vf/kfu;e 1955 dh /kkjk 5 ds izko/kku bl izdkj gsa fd muds myya?ku ij fookg 'kwu; vfkok 'kwu;dj.kh; gksrk gs folrkj ls le>kb;sa 3. Discuss the remedy of restitution of conjugal rights under the Hindu Marriage Act Is this remedy constitutionally valid? fgunq fookg vf/kfu;e 1955 ds vurxzr nkeir; vf/kdkjksa dh izr;klfkkiuk ds mipkj dks le>kb;sa D;k ;g mipkj laos/kkfud :Ik ls os/k gsa 4. Describe the rule of succession in the case of intestate Hindu female under the Hindu succession act, 1956? fuozfl;r fgunq L=h ds fgunq mùkjkf/kdkj vf/kfu;e 1956 ds vurxzr mùkjkf/kdkj ds fu;eks a dk o.kzu dhft,a 5. What are the requisites of a valid adoption under the Hindu adoption and maintenance act 1956? fgunq nùkd,oa Hkj.k iks"k.k vf/kfu;e 1956 ds vurxzr os/k nùkd xzg.k dh D;k&D;k vko ;drk,sa gsa 6. What are the kinds of guardians recognized by the Hindu Minority and guardianship Act What are the powers of a Netural guardian to alienate his minor s immonable droperty. fgunq voldrk,oa laj{krk vf/kfu;e 1956 ds }kjk fdrus izdkj ds laj{kdksa dks eku;rk izkir gs\,d uslfxzd laj{kd dh vius vo;ld dh vpy leifr dks vurj.k djus dh 'kfdr;ka gsa 7. State the provisions of law enumerated order sec 18 of Hindu Adoption and maintenance Act, 1956 with regard to maintenance of wife. fgunq nrrd,oa Hkj.kiks"k.k vf/kfu;e 1956 dh /kkjk 18 esa micaf/kr iruh ds Hkj.k iks"k.k ls lecfu/kr fof/k ds izko/kkuksa dk myys[k dhft,a 8. Discuss the ground for obtaining decree at divorce. On what special ground of Hindu Wife claim a decree divorce against the husband under the provisions at the Hindu Marriage Act fookg fopnsn dh fmøh izkir djus ds eku; vk/kkjksa dh foospuk dhft, fdu&fdu vk/kkjksa ij,d fgunq IkRuh vius ifr ds fo:) fgunq fookg vf/kfu;e 1955 ds vurxzr fookg fopnsn dh fmøh izkir dj ldrh gsa 9. Write short notes : - (i) (ii) (iii) 10. Explain : - (i) Shebait (ii) Debutte Property (iii) Divorce by mutual consent (iv) Sources of Hindu Law Hindusuccession (Amendment) Act fgunq mùkjkf/kdkj laj{k.k v-fu ds micku/k Relation Back theroty HkwrfrfFk dk fl)kur Disqualification at heirs mùkjkf/kdkfj;ksa dh v;ksx;rk,a le>kb;s %& ¼1½ 'ksok;r ¼2½ nsoksrrj leifrr ¼3½ ikjlifjd lgefr ls fookg fopnsn ¼4½ fgunw fof/k ds L=ksr

5 Paper V (Family Law - II) Mohammedan Law 1. Discuss the various sources of Muslim Law and their significance. eqflye fof/k ds fofhkuu L=ksarksa dh foospuk dhft;s vksj muds egro dks le>kb;sa 2. What are the various kinds of Muslim Marriage? Which Marriage are prohibited and why? eqflye fookgksa ds fofhkuu izdkj D;k gsaa eqflye fof/k ds fdu fookgks a dks fuf"kn~ fd;k gs vksj D;ks a \ 3. Define Talaq (Divorce). Describe its various kinds in muslim law can a muslim wife divorce her husband? If so under what circumstances? rykd dks ifjhkkf"kr dhft,a eqflye fof/k es a blds fofhkuu izdkjksa dks le>kb;sa D;k,d eqflye iruh vius ifr ls fookg&fopnsn dj ldrh gs\ ;fn,slk gks rks fdu ifjflfkfr;ksa esaa 4. What is the nature of dower under Muslim Law/ What are its various kinds / Discuss the nature of a Muslim window right to retain possession of her husband s property in lieu of her dower. eqflye fof/k ds vurxzr esgj dh izd`fr dh O;k[;k dhft,a blds fofhkuu izdkj D;k gsa \ vius esgj ds,ot es a vius ifr dh leink ij dctk cuk;sa j[kus gsrq eqflye fo/kok ds vf/kdkj dh izd`fr dh foospuk dhft,a 5. What is Hiba? State its essential conditions. Distinguish between Hiba-bil-aiwaz dnd Hiba-ba shartul aiwaz? fgck D;k gs \ bldh vko ;d 'krsz crkb;s fgck&fcy&,ot vksj fgck&fc&'krqzy,ot esa vurj crkb;sa 6. What are the essentials of a valid Waqf? Expalin and discuss the power of Mutawalli in relation to waqf property. odq ds vko ;d rro D;k gsa\ odq leifrr ds lecu/k es a eqroyyh ds vf/kdkj D;k gsa\ budh foospuk dhft,a 7. Who can claim pre-emption? Discuss the constitutional validity of this right. vxz&ø;kf/kdkj dh ekax dksu dj ldrk gs \ bl vf/kdkj dh laos/kkfud os/krk dk o.kzuk dhft,a 8. State and extent to which a Muslim can create will of his property? Point out the difference between sunni and shia law.,d eqflye viuh leifùk dh olh;r fdl lhek rd dj ldrk gs \ lquuh,oa f k;k fof/k esa varj Li"V dhft;sa 9. Shrots notes : (a) Death bed transactions (Marz ul maut) (b) Option of puberty (c) Mutah Marriage (d) Doctrine of Aul and Rudd (e) Doctrine of Musha (f) Acknowledgement ¼1½ e`r;q 'k;~;k ¼etZ&my&ekSr½ ¼2½ O;Ldrk dk fodyi ¼[;kj&my&oqyqx½ ¼3½ eqrk&fookg ¼4½ vksy,oa jn dk fl)kur ¼5½ eq kk dk fl)kur ¼6½ vfhklohd`fr

6 Paper VI (Constitutional Law) 1. What is the importance of preamble of the constitution of India? State as to whether it can be amended. Also state as to whether it can be utilized for the purpose of inter predation of the various provisions of the constitutional. Lite cases in this ground. Hkkjr ds lafo/kku dh mn~nsf kdk dk D;k egro gs\ D;k blesa la kks/ku fd;k tk ldrk gs\ ;g Hkh crkb, fd D;k bl mn~nsf kdk dks lafo/kku ds fofhkuu micu/kks a ds fuozpu ds fy, mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gs\ bl fo"k; esa fuf.kzr oknksa dks vius Lrj ls bafxr dhft,a 2. The Indian republic is a secular state and guarantees freedom of conscience and belief in all persons. Comment on this statement. Hkkjrh; x.krku= /kez fujis{k jkt; gs vksj lc O;fDr;ksa dh vkrek dh vksj fo okl dh Lora=rk lqjf{kr djrk gsaa bl dfku ij fvii.kh dhft;sa 3. Discuss the constitutional position of the president of India. Can be without his consent to a legislative bill passed by both the houses of Parliaments? Illustrate your answer with the help of provisions of the constitution of India. Hkkjr ds jk"vªifr dh laos/kkfud flfkfr dh foospuk dhft;sa D;k og laln ds nksuksa lnuksa es a ikfjr fdlh fo/ks;d dks viuh Lohd`fr nssus ls euk dj ldrk gs \ Hkkjr ds lafo/kkuksa dh lgk;rk ls vius mùkj fyf[k,a 4. Discuss the Jurisdiction and power of the Supreme Court. mppre U;k;ky; dh vf/kdkfjrk,oa 'kfdr;ksa dh foospuk dhft;sa 5. Discuss the union state legislative releation. In what circumstances the parliament becomes empowered to make law on the state list? la?k jkt; ds fo/kk;h lecu/kks a dh ppkz dhft,a fdu ifjflfkfr;ksa esa laln jkt; lwph es a ds fo"k; ij fof/k cukus gsrq vf/kdkfjr gks tkrh gsa 6. Discuss the provisions relating to freedom of trade, commerce, and intercourse as laid down in the constitution of India. Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa O;kikj] okf.kt; vksj lekxe dh Lora=rk ls lecfu/kr micu/kks a dh O;k[;k dhft;sa 7. Discuss the constitutional protection of the Civil Servant with the help of decided case laws. fuf.kzr oknksa dh lgk;rk ls jkt; lsodksa dks miyc/k laos/kkfud laj{k.k dh ppkz dhft,a 8. What do you understand by right to life and liberty? How the scope of life and liberty has been expanded by Apex court? Discuss. izk.k,oa nsfgd Lok/khurk ls vki D;k le>rs gs\ fdl izdkj izk.k,oa nsfgd Lok/khurk ds vf/kdkj dks lokszpp U;k;ky; esa folr`r fd;k gs\ myys[k dhft,a 9. Explain the concept of equality under Article 14 of the Indian Constitution. What is doctrine of Reasonable classification? How it is significant for establishing the equality? Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqpnsn 14 ds rgr ^lerk dh vo/kkj.kk^ dks crkb;sa ;qfdr;qdr oxhzdj.k dk fl)kurk D;k gss\ fdl izdkj ;g lerk LFkkfir djus gsrq egroiw.kz gsa 10. Discuss the power of parliament to amend the constitution of India. Define the doctrine of basic structure. laln dh Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dks la kksf/kr djus lecfu/kr 'kfdr dk myys[k dhft,a ewy <k ps ds fl)kur dks ifjhkkf"kr dhft,a 11. Short Note : - (i) a Relation between fundamental rights and Directive Principles. ewy vf/kdkj vksj uhfr funs kd rroks ds lecu/k (ii) Doctrine of Pith and Substance lkj,oa rro dk fl)kur (iii) Parliament Priviledges lalnh; fo ks"kkf/kdkj (iv) Emergency vkikrdky (v) Protection against Double Jeopardy nksgjs n.m ds fo:) laj{k.k (vi) Doctrine of Eclipse vkpnknku dk fl)kur (vii) State jkt; (viii) Doctrine of Pleasure izlkni;zur dk fl)kur (ix) Protection from Ex Post Facto Law dk;kszurj fof/k;ksa ds laj{k.k

7 Paper VII (Legal Language and Legal Writing including General English) M.M. 100 Attempt question no 5 which is compulsory and any other four questions. All questions carry equal marks. Q.1 Explain any five of the following Legal terms and makes the sentence (a) Cognizable, (b) Preamble, (c) Mortgage, (d) Hearsay, (e) Vismajor, (f) Deformation, (g) De-facto, (h) Tort, (i) Ultra Virus, (j) Act of God. (k) Bailment (l) Chattel, (m) Prejury Q.2 Explain any fice of the Latin Maxims in English and Makes statement (i) Caveat Emptor, (ii) Doli incapx, (iii) Mersne profit, (iv) Animus, (v) De-Jure, (vi) Mens Rea, (vii) Suo- Moto, (viii) Ex-Offico, (ix) Ejusdem Generis (x) Actusreus Q.3 Give one war Substitute the following. Attempt any ten. (i) One who can not read or write (ii) That which destroy germs, (iii) Absence of government, (iv) Too much official formaling, (v) One who walks in sleep, (vi) A speech delivered without previous preparation, (vii) A letter whose writer is unknown, (viii) government by one man, (ix) A person who in unable topay his debt. (x) Person with no belief in religion. Q.4 Attempt any five of the following pair of words. Give their meaning and use them in sentence of your own: (i) Advice, Advise, (ii) Bale, Bail, (iii) Course, Coarse, (iv) Goal, Goal, (v) Differ, Deter, (vi) Altar, alter, (vii) Die, Dye, (viii) Affect, Effect, (ix) Career, Carrier, (x) Apposite, Opposite. Q.5 Compulsory question (Passage for Comprehension) Read the followings passage carefully and answer the question given below it : Kuljeet Singh alias Ranga Khus, the petitioner herein was convicted along with one Jasbir Singh alias Billa, by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Delhi for Various offences in Connection with the mureder of two young children- Geeta Chopra and her brother, Sanjay The two accused were sentenced to death for the offence under section 302 read with section 34 of the Penal code and tow varying terms of imprisonment inder sections 363, 365,366 and 376 read with section 34 of the code. The order of convection and sentence, including the sentence of death was confirmed by the Delhi High Court by its judgment dated November 16, 1979 were upon the two accused filed special leave Petitions 562 and 1793 of 1980 in this court challengers their connation and sentence those special leave Petitioners were dismissed on December 8, 1980 by a Bench of this Court consisting of Justice O. Chinnappa Reddy, Justice Baharul Islam and one of us. The chief Justice by this writ petition the petitioner virtually asses for the reapprasal of his case and a reconsideration of the dismissal of his special leave petition. The Thrust of the petition is against the sentence of death imposed on the petitioner. QUESTIONS:- 1. Who are petitioners in this case? 2. What was the sentence, and under what sections of the Penal code 3. Which court connected the petitioners and was confirmed by which court? 4. What was the constitution of Bench, Who heard special leave Petitions filed by the accused? 5. What is the truth of petition? Q.6. Write a letter to your friend advising him not to accept dowry at the time of his marriage. Q. 7 Write an Essay in English in about 500 words, on one of the following topics : (i) Women Empowerment (ii) Human Rights (iii) Juvenile Delinquency (iv) Child Labour in India (v) Legal aid to poor s (vi) Election commission

8 Q. 8 Write a précis of the following passage and give it an appropriate title: In spite of rigorous precautions against accidents may people are injured every year in factous and elsewhere. In addition some people are born into physical disabilities. They are either blind or deaf or in some way deformed from birth upto quite recent time, little planned action was taken to fit handicapped people for employment. A number of charitable organizations tried to help them in case of hardship, but few seriously held the idea the thease people might still have stabilities in their directions only during the last few decades has society slowly come to acknowledge its responsibilities and to recognize that handicapped people can be trained to play a useful part in economic as well as social life. The second world war gave importance to this: During the war, preside on resources of labour compelled all fighting nations to call on the services of handicapped people for tasks adapted to, and within the limits of their capacities. A man might have lost the use of his legs, but still be able to use his hands with skill. Another person might have lost his sight, but still be capable of training in ways in which his other senses could be emplyed effectively in furtherance of the war effort. In recent years scientific inversions and discourvies have lessened the disabilities of deafness, some forms of paralysis and other physical handicaps. Scientists working in association with engineers have devised methods by which handicapped people can take up work again thanks to the inention of mechanical limbs, the improvement of hearing aids and so on. (263 Words) Q. 9 Translate the English passage of question no. 8 into Hindi. Q10. Translate the following into English. U;k;ikfydk dk ;ksxnku cmk egroiw.kiz gsa gekjh O;oLFkk la?kkred gsa la?kkred O;oLFkk esa dbz ljdkjksa dk vflrro,d lkfk gksrk gssa ftuds e/; lkozhkksfed O;fDr;ks a dk fohkktu gksrk gs vksj jkt; ds fofhkuu vaxks esa mls ck Vk tkrk gsa lafo/kku }kjk fo/kkf;uh vksj foùkh; O;oLFkk, tfvy gsa mlus yksxks dks eksfyd vf/kdkj iznku fd;s gsaa ewykf/kdkj O;fDr;ks a dks jkt; ds fo:) izkir gq, gssa O;fDr;ks a dh rqyuk esa jkt; dkqh egùoiw.kz lalfkk gsa vr% Lka?kkRed lafo/kku esa fuk"i{k rfkk Lora= U;k;ikfydk dk egùoiw.kz LFkku gs vksj blh dh fø;kfuofr la?kkred lafo/kku dh lqyrk ds fy, ijeko ;d gsa

9 Paper VII (a) (Legal and constitutional History of India) M.M. 100 uksv%& fueufyf[kr iz u dsoy vuqeku gs bu ij iw.kzr% fuhkzj ugh jgsaa 1. The year 1726 marked the beginning of the new phase in the evolution of the Judicial administration in India Explain. What modifications have been made by the charters of ^^1726 dk o"kz Hkkjr esa uohu U;k; iz kklu ds mn~hko ds :i esa fpfugr gsa^^o;k[;k dhft,a 1753 ds jktkkk ds }kjk D;k lq/kkj fd;s x,a 2. Explain the composition, jurisdiction and the working of the mayor s courts established under the charter of 1726, and in what aspects they different from mayor court establish in 1686? 1726 dh jktkkk ds vurxzr LFkkfir es;j U;k;ky; ds xbu] {ks=kf/kdkj rfkk dk;z iz.kkyh dh folrkj ls foospuk dhft, rfkk 1686 esa LFkkfir es;j U;k;ky; ls ;g fdl izdkj fhkuu Fks \ 3. Critically examine the provisions of the Regulating Act 1773 and state the significance of the Act of settlement of jsx;qysfvax,dv] 1773 ds izko/kkuksa dh lekykspukred tkap dhft;s,oa,dv vkwq lsvyesuv ] 1781 dk egro crkb;sa 4. Discuss critically Waren Hastings judicial plan of State how far his reforms in 1774 were are improvement on that of the earlier plan of vnkyr O;oLFkk ls vki D;k le>rs gsaa 1772 dh ;kstuk esa D;k nks"k fo/keku Fks rfkk fokjsu gsflvxal us fdl izdkj bu nks"kks dks nwj fd;ka 5. Discuss the constitution of supreme court established in Calcutta at 1774 and discuss the various Power and Jurisdiction of court? 1774 esa dydÿkk esa LFkkfir mppre U;k;ky; ds xbu dh foospuk dhft, lkfk gh bldh kfdr;ks o vf/kdkjks dks Li"V dhft,a 6. The keynote of Bentique s judicial reforms was Inidanization, decentralization and economy. Discuss. csfvad ds U;kf;d lq/kkjksa dh ewy Hkkouk Hkkjrh;dj.k fodsunzh;dj.k,oa fero;rk FkhAfVIIk.kh dhft,a 7. The reforms of 1909 failed in their object Examine critically the above statement. ^^1909 dk vf/kfu;e vius mn~ns ;ks a dh izkfir esa vlqy fl) gqvk ^^ mdr dfku dk vkykspukred ijh{k.k dhft,a 8. Discuss the main provisions of Government of India Act 1935 Hkkjr ljdkj vf/kfu;e 1935 ds eq[; izko/kkuksa dk myys[k dhft, 9. Write short note on any four of the following fueufyf[kr esa ls fdugha pkj ij laf{kir fvii.kh fyf[k;sa (A) Dyarchy system of lord clive nksgjs 'kklu (B). Simon Commission - lkbeu vk;ksx (C) Lex Loci Report - LFkkuh; fof/k izfrosnu (D) Pit s India Act, 1784 fiv~l bf.m;k,dv 1784 (E) Punishment in India before ls iwoz Hkkjr esa n.m 10. Stat the facts, arguments, dicisions and principles of law laid down in the case of trail of Raja Nand Kumar case jktkuun dqekj ijh{k.k 1775 ds rf;] nyhy] fu.kz;,oa fof/k ds izfrikfnr fl)kurksa dk o.kzu dhft,a

10 Paper IX (Public Interest Lawyering Legal, Aid, Paralegal Services and Moot Court.) M.M. 100 uksv%& fueufyf[kr iz u dsoy vuqeku gs bu ij iw.kzr% fuhkzj ugh jgsaa 1. What is Public Interest Litigation? Explain the nature and main objectives of Public Interest Litigation? tufgr okn D;k gs \ tufgr okn dh izd`fr o eq[; mìs ;ks dks Li"V dhft,a 2. Discuss the constitution, Functioning and powers of the National Legal Service Authority? jkf"vª; fof/kd lsok izkf/kdj.k ds xbu] dk;z rfkk kfdr;ks a dk o.kzu dhft,a 3. Public Interest Litigation is being misused in India. Discuss in detail in the limelight of supreme court cases. yksdfgr okn dk Hkkjr esa nq:i;ksx fd;k tkrk gs A lokszpp U;k;ky; ds oknksa ds izdk k esa folr`r :i ls foospuk dhft, A 4. Discuss the constitution, Functioning and powers of the District Legal Services Authority to be constituted fof/kd lsok izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1987 ds vurxzr xfbr fd;s tkus okys ftyk fof/kd lsok izf/kdj.k ds xbu] dk;ziz.kkyh vksj kfdr;ksa dh foospuk dhft, A 5. Explain the following (Any Two):- 1. Legal Aid Clinic 2. Social action litigation 3. Future of judicial activism in India 4. Para-Legal Services fueu ls fdugha nks dks le>kb;s A 1- fof/kd lgk;rk f kfoj 2- lkekftd vuq;kstu dk;zokgh 3- Hkkjr esa U;kf;d lfø;rk dk Hkfo"; 4- v)z fof?ke lsok, 6. What do you understand by Lok Adalat? Discuss the constitution, Functioning and powers of Lok Adalat? yksd vnkyr ls vki D;k le>rs gs \ yksd vnkyr ds xbu] dk;z,oa kfdr;ks a dh foospuk dhft, \ 7. Write short note on the following: 1. Provision for legal aid under of constitution. 2. Provision for legal aid under of C.P.C 3. Legal aid to Indigent person. fueu ij laf{kir fviif.k;ka fyf[k;s%& 1. lafo/kku ds vurxzr fof/kd lgk;rk ds izko/kku 2. flfoy izfø;k lafgrk ds vurxzr fof/kd lgk;rk ds izko/kku 3- fu/kzu O;fDr dks fof/kd lgk;rka 8. What do you mean by concept of locus standi? What are the essential conditions for liberalization of locus standi? lqus tkus ds vf/kdkj ls vki D;k le>rs gs A lqus tkus ds vf/kdkj ds mnkjhdj.k ds fy, D;k vko ;d krsz gas \ 9. Write short note on the following: 1. Difference Between the public interest litigation and private interest litigation. 2. Role of judiciary in India on Environmental problems. fueu ij laf{kir fviif.k;ka fyf[k;s%& 1. yksdfgr okn o futh fgr okn esa vurj 2. i;kzoj.kh; lel;kvksa ij Hkkjr esa U;k;ikfydk dh Hkwfedk A 10. State the facts and principles of law laid down in Bandhua Mukti Morcha Vs Union of India, AIR 1984, S.C cunqvk eqfdr ekspkz cuke Hkkjr la/k AIR 1984, S.C esa of.kzr rf;ksa,oa izfrikfnr fl)kurksa dk myys[k dhft, A