Migration! Before we start: DO NOW IN YOUR NOTES. Why have and do people move across time and space?

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1 Migration! Before we start: DO NOW IN YOUR NOTES. Why have and do people move across time and space? One day you will probably migrate away from Chicagoland area What will the catalyst for movement be? Will you return?

2 Migration Recap THINK ABOUT IT Can you describe or give an example of: Voluntary migration Forced migration A historical migration pattern Interregional migration

3 Migration Take a minute to brainstorm what you think migration is.

4 What Is Migration? Movement is inherently geographical. All movement involves leaving home. Three types of movement: 1. Cyclic 2. Periodic 3. Migration

5 Periodic Movement What Is Migration? Involves a longer period of time away from the home base than cyclic movement Migrant labor Transhumance, a system of pastoral farming where ranchers move livestock according to the seasonal availability of pastures College attendance Military service 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

6 Cyclic Movement What Is Migration? Involves journeys that begin at our home base and bring us back to it Regular sequences of short moves within a local area = activity spaces Commuting Seasonal movement Nomadism 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

7 Migration What Is Migration? Permanent relocation across significant distances International migration/transnational migration Emigrant = migrates out of country Immigrant = migrates into country Internal migration varies according to the mobility of the population John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

10 Choose one type of cyclic or periodic movement and then think of a specific example of the kind of movement you chose. Now, determine how this movement changes both the home and the destination as a result of this cyclic or period movement John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

11 Immigration Migration to a location Emigration Migration from a location When you immigrate you go in to a location, when you emigrate from a location you exit that location.

12 Where do people emigrate from? Brainstorm! Where do you think most people emigrate from? They have been emigrating from: Latin America Asia Africa Eastern Europe

13 Net migration The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants. +=Net In-Migration -= Net Out-Migration

14 KI 1 Where are Migrants Distributed? Distance of Migration U.S. Immigration Patterns

15 Chart from page 79 Wilbur Zelinsky Migration Transition Stage Demographic Transition Migration Transition 1 Low NIR, high CBR, high CDR 2 High NIR, high CBR, rapidly declining CDR 3 Declining NIR, rapidly declining CBR, declining CDR High daily or seasonal mobility in search of food High international emigration and interregional migration from rural to urban areas High international immigration and intraregional migration from cities to suburbs 4 Low NIR, low CBR, low CDR Same as stage 3

16 Two Types of Migration Forced Migration Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate. Voluntary Migration Human migration flows in which the movers respond to perceived opportunity, not force.

17 Forced Migration

18 A person who flees across an international boundary because of a wellfounded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.

19 Cuban Refugees

20 Sudanese Refugees

21 Forced

24 International Migration A look at international migration Forced migration the migrant has been compelled to move by cultural factors Voluntary migration the migration has chosen to move for economic improvement international migration - 7 minutes

26 Internal Migration Internal migration permanent movement within the same country Interregional migration movement from one region of a country to another Intraregional migration movement within one region

28 U.S. Immigration 17 th and 18 th Centuries WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY!

29 U.S. Immigration: 19 th Century WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY!

30 U.S. Immigration: Recent Immigration from LDCs WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY!

31 KI 2 Where do people migrate WITHIN a country? Interregional Migration Intraregional Migration

32 From Region to region (very different locations) within the same country INTERREGIONAL MIGRATION

33 Changing Center of U.S. Population

34 Recent Interregional Migration

35 Center of US Population

36 With Russia more closely linked economically to Europe, which region of the country is likely to attract interregional migration?

37 Sustainability and Trail of Tears

38 Not as well-known as interregional migration, but much more popular! Within the same region of a country INTRAREGIONAL MIGRATION

39 Rural to Urban Urbanization Worldwide, 20 million people a year are moving to urban areas If they move from a rural area in one region of the country to an urban area in another region of the country, it is interregional If they move from rural to urban within their same region, it is intraregional

40 Intraregional Rural to Urban Urban to Suburban

41 AS I ENTER Think about/write out: 2 questions you have about migration Agenda: Distribute Population/Migration Study Guide Collect Political Cartoons Notes on Migration Finish Migration Key Issues SUBSTITUTE TOMORROW- map quiz day Announcement: Please look at the calendar for upcoming FRQ and MC Assessment dates!

42 Check for understanding: How do the following impact regional migration? Economy Changing techniques or practices of primary sector jobs, such as farming, leads to outmigration Deindustrialization, such as no longer manufacturing cars in an area, leads to outmigration Growth of jobs in suburbs

43 How do the following impact Friction of Distance regional migration? Commuting- you no longer have to live close to work; trains allow migration to suburbs Age Structure of the Population Retirees may move to retirement areas such as Florida to take advantage of the weather Young couples with Children move to suburban locations for the environment

44 Key Issue 3 Reasons for Migrating Migrating to find work Characteristics of Migrants

45 Types of Movement Cyclic Movement movement away from home for a short period. Periodic Movement movement away from home for a longer period. Commuting Seasonal movement Nomadism Migrant labor Transhumance Military service

46 Migration to the U.S. Push Factors Pull Factors

49 Types of Push and Pull Factors We will discuss: Economic Conditions Culture and Traditions Environmental Conditions In your textbook Political Circumstances Armed Conflict and Civil War Technological Advances

50 3 Main types of Push and Pull Factors Economic Factors Most people migrate from one country to another for economic reasons job opportunities

people who have been forced to migrate from their homes

51 Cultural Factors Cultural factors can be especially compelling push factors forcing people to move Refugee: people who have been forced to migrate from their homes Forced migration has occurred for 2 reasons Slavery Political instability

52 Describe what you see in this picture.

53 Environmental Factors People are pulled toward physically attractive regions Attractive environments include: People are also pushed from their homes by bad physical conditions Unattractive/Hazardous environments include:

56 Key Issue 4 Why do Migrants Face Obstacles? Controlling Migration Unauthorized Immigration Attitudes toward Immigration

57 Intervening Obstacles Environmental or Cultural feature that hinders migration. Hindering factors:

58 Characteristics of Migrants Most long-distance migrants are male Most long-distance migrants are adult individuals rather than families Migrant families with children are increasing Increasing female migration social and status changes in home country Family status 40% male ages % Children under 15 5% over 65

59 Recap- MEMORIZE THIS! EG Ravenstein s laws (We already covered the specifics) 1. The distance migrants typically move 1. Most within the same country and a short distance 2. If they do go international- towards an economic center 2. The reasons why migrants move 1. Push/Pull Factors 1. Political 2. Environmental 3. Economic 3. The characteristics of migrants

60 Controlling Migration Quota: maximum limits on the number of people that could immigrate in a one-year period Brain Drain: giving preference to skilled workers, leads to large-scale emigration by talented people

61 Extras!!! Forced Migration Katrina Devastation 3 minutes No Ward: Forced Migration of Katrina Survivors 11 minutes

63 Fence Climbing 1 minute Border Volleyball 1.5 minutes

64 Migration Map Forbes Migration Map

65 Imagine you are from an extremely poor country, and you earn less than $1 a day. Choose a country to be from, and look for it on a map. Assume you are a voluntary migrant. You look at your access to transportation and the opportunities you have to go elsewhere. Be realistic, and describe how you determine where you will go, how you get there, and what you do once you get there.

Chapter 3: Migration

Chapter 3: Migration The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography Migration pg 80 A type of mobility -? move to a new location Migration = relocation diffusion Emigration -? Immigration -?