Due: Thursday, April 9, 2015

Transcription

1 Chapter 37: New Conflagration World War II Due: Thursday, April 9, 2015 Overview The Second World War ( ) was indeed a conflagration such as the world had never seen before. There was no precedent for scale of the devastation, the millions of dead, the unimaginable barbarity. World War II was the defining event of the twentieth century. It determined the global powers, the global alignments, and many of the issues for the next generation. Some aspects of the war to consider as you read: Appeasement. The causes of the war are complex but must include the failure of western democracies to take seriously the threat of fascism. When Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931, when Italy seized Ethiopia in 1935, when Germany claimed first the Sudetenland and then all of Czechoslovakia in 1938: at every turn, world leaders decided to appease the aggressor rather than risk a war. Isolationism. Sunk in the depression, Britain, France, and the United States erected walls of tariffs against imports, which only deepened the global depression. Disillusioned with the outcome of World War I, the western democracies did not maintain their military strength. When the next war came, they were ill prepared. Total war. Like the First World War, the second involved whole populations on an unprecedented scale. Women on both sides performed industrial work and joined auxiliary forces. Civilians were targets of war through aerial attacks, blockades, rape, and internment. Civilian casualties were in the tens of millions. Genocide. Certainly the most horrifying aspect of the war was the Nazi attempt to methodically exterminate the entire Jewish population of Europe, along with other "undesirable" populations. Nearly six million Jews were killed in the death camps. An uneasy alliance. Capitalist and communist states found common cause in the battle against fascism. By keeping up the pressure on two fronts, the Allies eventually crushed the Axis empire. However, by the end of the war, the alliance between Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union was frayed and unstable. Postwar uncertainties. At the Yalta conference of 1945, the Allies agreed that the Soviets could establish temporary governments in eastern Europe and eastern Germany in exchange for Stalin's pledge to help the United States defeat Japan. These puppet states were supposed to be temporary but instead became permanent dependents of the Soviet Union. The postwar conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union was already apparent. Reading Questions (Vocabulary terms should be highlighted throughout answer) 1. Identify key causes of World War II and the motivations of aggressive powers such as Japan, Italy, and Germany. 2. Outline the global expansion of the war and its eventual end. 3. Identify and analyze Japanese war aims in the Pacific and southeast Asia. 4. Identify key aspects of wartime strategies of collaboration and resistance. 5. Explain the origins and course of the Holocaust. 6. Explain the importance and significance of the roles played by women in World War II. Reading Schedule Intro and Section 1: Origins of WWII Thursday, April 2, 2015 Section 2: Total War The World Under Fire Friday, April 3, 2015 Section 3: Life during Wartime Monday, April 6, 2015 Section 4: Neither Peace nor War Tuesday, April 7, 2015

2 AP Themes SOCIAL Family/ kinship Gender roles/relations Social and economic classes Racial/ ethnic factors Entertainment Lifestyles Haves & have nots Chapter 37 SPICE Chart (Use the examples to help your place information POLITICAL Leaders/groups Forms of government Empires State building/expansion Political structures Courts/laws Nationalism/nations Revolts/revolutions INTERACTIONS (WITH PEOPLE AND THE ENVINRONMENT) War/conflict Diplomacy/treaties Alliances Exchanges between individuals, groups, & empires/nations Trade/commerce Globalization Location Physical Human/environment Migration/movement Region Demography Neighborhood Urbanization Settlement patterns Disease Cities (2 major ones) CULTURAL Religion Belief systems and teachings Holy books Conversion Key figures Deities Art Music Writing/literature Math Science Architecture Technology Innovations Transportation ECONOMY Agricultural/pastoral Economic systems Labor systems/ organizations Industrialization Technology/industry Capital/money Business organizations

3 AP Themes SOCIAL Family/ kinship Gender roles/relations Social and economic classes Racial/ ethnic factors Entertainment Lifestyles Haves & have nots Chapter 37 SPICE Chart (Use the examples to help your place information POLITICAL Leaders/groups Forms of government Empires State building/expansion Political structures Courts/laws Nationalism/nations Revolts/revolutions INTERACTIONS (WITH PEOPLE AND THE ENVINRONMENT) War/conflict Diplomacy/treaties Alliances Exchanges between individuals, groups, & empires/nations Trade/commerce Globalization Location Physical Human/environment Migration/movement Region Demography Neighborhood Urbanization Settlement patterns Disease Cities (2 major ones) CULTURAL Religion Belief systems and teachings Holy books Conversion Key figures Deities Art Music Writing/literature Math Science Architecture Technology Innovations Transportation ECONOMY Agricultural/pastoral Economic systems Labor systems/ organizations Industrialization Technology/industry Capital/money Business organizations

4 Term Axis Powers Definition/significance Vocabulary List Rape of Nanjing Appeasement Munich Conference Warsaw Pact The Blitz Operation Barbarosa Stalingrad A date which will live in infamy Greater Asian Co- Prosperity Sphere Wannsee Conference

5 Term Yalta Conference Definition/significance Vocabulary List Truman Doctrine NATO Allied Powers Tripartite Pact Anschluss Nonagression Pact Blitzkrieg Luftwaffe Lend- Lease Program D- Day

6 Term The Final Solution Definition/significance Vocabulary List Comfort Women Potsdam Conference Marshall Plan United Nations