TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I: LIBERALISM AND THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE DISTINCTION

Transcription

1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction vii xi 1 PART I: LIBERALISM AND THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE DISTINCTION 2. The Public-Private Distinction in Liberal Political Philosophy Introduction The Public-Private Distinction in the History of Western Political Thought Thomas Hobbes and the Leviathan John Locke and the Body Politic Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the Transformation of Man Immanuel Kant, Private Happiness and Public Welfare G.W.F. Hegel and the Spirit Jeremy Bentham and the Logic of Obedience Jiirgen Habermas and the Public Sphere Concluding 33 PART II: CRITIQUES OF LIBERALISM'S PUBLIC-PRIVATE DISTINCTION 3. Marx's Early Critique Introduction: Away from, or Against, the Liberal Public-Private Divide Karl Marx and the Critique of Alienation 3.3. Concluding The American Legal Realist Critique 4.1. Introduction 4.2. The Critique of Laissez-Faire Economics 4.3. The Critique of Contract Doctrine 4.4. The Critique of Property Law 4.5. Evaluating the Legal Realist Critique and its Impact

2 5. Critical Legal Studies (CLS) and its Critique Introduction CLS and the Public-Private Distinction: Selected Works Duncan Kennedy on the Structure of Blackstone's Commentaries Gerald Frug on the City as a Legal Concept Karl Klare on the Public-Private Distinction in Labor Law Paul Brest on State Action and Liberal Theory Frances Olsen on the Family and the Market Duncan Kennedy on the Decline of the Public-Private Distinction Common Traits in the CLS Critique of the Public-Private Distinction An Emphasis on Logical Contingency or Indeterminacy An Emphasis on Historical/Contextual Embeddedness An Emphasis on Ideological Function Structuralism and the CLS Critiques Concluding: The Legacy of CLS for our Thinking About the Public-Private Distinction New Approaches to International Law (NAIL) and its Critique Introducing NAIL Koskenniemi's Structural Analysis of International Legal Argument Concluding: the Public-Private Distinction as Structuring a Grammar Feminist Critiques of the Public-Private Distinction Introduction Feminism in a Nutshell "The Sexual Contract": Feminist Critiques of Liberalism's Public-Private Divide Feminist Public-Private Critiques of Human Rights Feminist Pursuit of Social Change and the Theory-Action Dichotomy Concluding: Living Within and Against a Com:eptual Framework

3 PART III: THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW OBSERVED IN THE PRISM OF THE CRITIQUES 8. The General Human Rights Theory and Idea Introduction: Through the Looking Glass International Law, Human Rights, and the Public-Private Distinction Human Rights and its Histories of the Public-Private Distinction CLS Critiques of Rights Indeterminacy and the Public-Private Distinction as Deferral Ideology and Structural Bias in Human Rights Concluding Observations 206. The Pursuit of Coherence: the Public-Private Distinction in Human Rights Doctrines Introduction Verticality Lost and Regained: Horizontal Effect and Positive Obligations Managing Europe's Public-Private Distinction: the Margin of Appreciation Concluding The Distinction at its Most Concrete: Reading the Public-Private in the European Court of Human Rights' Case Law on Homosexuality Introduction: Practices of Reading Common Readings Alternate Readings Public, Private, and Gay: Dudgeon, Norris, and Modinos The General Structure of the Cases The Applicants and Their Facts Dudgeon 255 :, Norris Modinos The Domestic Law Dudgeon Norris

4 Modinos The Merits of the Cases Interference with an Article 8 Right A Legitimate Aim Necessity in a Democratic Society After Decriminalization: Salgueiro da Silva Mouta, Lustig-Prean & Beckett, Smith & Grady, and A.D.T The Applicants and Their Facts Salgueiro da Silva Mouta: Homosexuality and Family Law as Private and Public Politics Lustig-Prean & Beckett, and Smith & Grady: Dragged Out of the Army Locker The Applicants, Their Ordeal, and Their Politics The Policy Concerning Homosexuals in the Army A.D.T. v. U.K.: Group Sex and Videotapes Selected Public-Private Themes Salgueiro: the Politics of Difference The Army Cases Unity and Fragmentation in the Domestic Constitutional Setting Who Knows Best? The Locus of Authority and the Public-Private Distinction Gays, Women & Racial Minorities: Private Conduct vs. Public Categories The 'Rather Curious Activities' of Laskey, Jaggard, and Brown Laskey, Jaggard, and Brown in Dialogue with the Other Cases The Question of Consent Sadomasochism and Homosexual Behavior Concluding Conclusion: The Public-Private Distinction After the Critiques Cumulative Critiques The (Non-)Responses to the Critiques The Critiques Are Wrong 352

5 The Critiques Are Not Sufficiently Right The Critiques Are 'Merely' Right The Critiques Are Too Right Through the Looking Glass The Public-Private Distinction: Past, Present, and Future 362 LIST OF ACRONYMS 365 BIBLIOGRAPHY 367 SAMENVATTING 399 SUMMARY 413 CURRICULUM VITAE 421