Brexit--Doing it the hard way 笔记版本

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1 Brexit--Doing it the hard way 笔记版本 Brexit n. 英国退欧 (Britain 和 exit 的合成词 ) [ 例句 ]That in turn means there is a real risk of a U.K exit or "Brexit". 这反过来意味着英国退出或者说是英国脱欧有着切实的风险 [1]It might be called May s paradox. Since she became prime minister last July, Mrs May has been urged by businesses to clarify her Brexit goals. Yet every time she has tried, investors have reacted by selling sterling, because she has shown a preference for a hard (or, as her advisers prefer, clean ) Brexit that takes Britain out of the EU s single market and customs union. paradox ['pærədɒks] n. 悖论, 反论 ; 似非而是的论点 ; 自相矛盾的人或事 [ 例句 ]How to reconcile this paradox? 如何解释这种矛盾? prime [praɪm] n. 初期 ; 青年 ; 精华 ; 全盛时期 adj. 主要的 ; 最好的 ; 基本的 vt. 使准备好 ; 填装 vi. 作准备 adv. 极好地 [ 例句 ]This should be the prime of our lives. 这应该是我们人生的黄金时期 clarify ['klærɪfaɪ] vt. 澄清 ; 阐明 vi. 得到澄清 ; 变得明晰 ; 得到净化 [ 例句 ]He issued a statement to clarify the situation. 他发表了一项声明以澄清形势 investor [ɪn'vestə] n. 投资者 [ 例句 ]I have investor "interest", but no checks. What should I do? 我要给投资人 " 利息 ", 但没有支票. 应该怎么办? sterling ['stɜːlɪŋ] n. 英国货币 ; 标准纯银 adj. 纯正的 ; 英币的 ; 纯银制的 [ 例句 ]You can change your sterling into the local currency at the airport. 你可以在机场把你的英镑兑换成当地的货币

2 [2]In fact the pound rose on January 17th when she gave a speech that set out her most detailed thinking so far about Brexit. That was partly because her decision to leave the single market and customs union had been widely trailed, causing the pound to fall in the run-up to her speech. But it may also have been because markets were pleasantly surprised by her language in setting out a dream of a liberal, open future for the country she spoke behind the slogan A Global Britain and her expressed wish for continuing friendly relations with Europe. union ['juːnjən; -ɪən] n. 联盟, 协会 ; 工会 ; 联合 [ 例句 ]Some of the union members did not want to picket. 工会的一些会员不想担任罢工纠察员 trailed [treild] adj. 被牵引的 v. 拖, 尾随, 追踪 (trail 的过去分词形式 ) [ 例句 ]fillet de cheval r?ti, you couldn't do much with horse ice-cream, so it sort of trailedby the end. 马肉片, 你不能对马肉冰激凌指望太多, 所以就有些虎头蛇尾了 liberal ['lɪb(ə)r(ə)l] n. 自由主义者 adj. 自由主义的 ; 慷慨的 ; 不拘泥的 ; 宽大的 [ 例句 ]They disagreed on how to define liberal. 他们对如何解释 liberal 一词的词义有不同意见 slogan ['sləʊg(ə)n] n. 标语 ; 呐喊声 [ 例句 ]If this sounds like a slogan, it is. 如果这听起来像是口号, 它的确是 [3]There is a liberal vision of a post-brexit future in which Britain escapes the most protectionist features of the EU and opens its economy to the rest of the world. It is one that includes lower taxes, less pettifogging regulation and freer trade. During the referendum campaign it was sometimes talked of as Singapore on steroids : a dynamic, open Britain capable of competing not just with other EU countries but with the whole world. protectionist [prəʊ'tekʃənɪst] n. 贸易保护主义者 adj. 贸易保护主义的 ; 保护贸易论的

3 [ 例句 ] I think we have to be very careful about sending any protectionist signals out there, he said. 我想我们必须对发布任何贸易保护主义的讯号都要非常小心 他说 pettifogging ['peti,fɔiŋ, -fɔ:ɡ] n. 诡辩, 欺骗 adj. 骗人的 ; 琐碎的, 无用的 ; 诡辩的 v. 欺诈 ; 诡辩 (pettifog 的 ing 形式 ) [ 例句 ]Marius, my boy, you are a Baron, you are rich, don't go to pettifogging, I beg of you. 马吕斯, 我的孩子, 你是男爵, 你富有, 我求你不要再去当律师了 freer ['fri:ə] n. 给予自由的人或事物 [ 例句 ]But to be richer, happier, and freer, all you need to do is want less. 但是为了更加富有 开开心和自由, 你需要做的只是少要一些 referendum [,refə'rendəm] n. 公民投票权 ; 外交官请示书 [ 例句 ]Estonia said today it too plans to hold a referendum on independence. 爱沙尼亚今天称它也计划要就独立进行全民公决 steroids ['stiərɔidz] n. [ 生化 ] 类固醇 (steroid 的复数形式 ); 甾体 [ 例句 ]And he did it all without steroids. 他没有借助类固醇便办到了 [4]The trouble is that, for all her pleasing rhetoric, Mrs May is not really pursuing this vision. She has set immigration control as her priority (see Bagehot), even though today s service businesses depend on being able to move people around at short notice, as does high-tech industry. A similar drawback attaches to her insistence on escaping the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Free-trade deals require a neutral umpire. So would any effort, hinted at again by Mrs May, to secure post-brexit barrier-free access to the EU s single market for such key industries as cars and financial services. rhetoric ['retərɪk] n. 修辞, 修辞学 ; 华丽的词藻 adj. 花言巧语的 [ 例句 ]The elections are over, the rhetoric should stop, it s time to go back to work. 选举该结束了, 停止那些花言巧语吧, 是时候回去工作了 drawback ['drɔːbæk] n. 缺点, 不利条件 ; 退税 [ 例句 ]In our case, the only drawback I see is that I can t share certain information withhim.

4 在我们这段关系中, 我看到的唯一缺点就是我不能和他分享某些信息 jurisdiction [,dʒʊərɪs'dɪkʃ(ə)n] n. 司法权, 审判权, 管辖权 ; 权限, 权力 [ 例句 ]This case comes under the jurisdiction of a lower court. 这个案件属于低一级法院的管辖范围 umpire ['ʌmpaɪə] n. 裁判员, 仲裁人 vt. 仲裁, 裁判 vi. 当裁判, 任裁判 [ 例句 ]I can see my hand when I m writing. At Little League games, I can see where thecatcher, batter and umpire are. 她说 : 写字的时候我能看到自己的手, 玩小联盟游戏时我能看到接球手 击球员和裁判的 位置 financial [faɪ'nænʃ(ə)l; fɪ-] adj. 金融的 ; 财政的, 财务的 [ 例句 ]The strength of our country bulwarked us through the financial crisis. 我国的实力使我们得以安然渡过这次金融危机 长难句 : Free-trade deals require a neutral umpire. So would any effort, hinted at again by Mrs May, to secure post-brexit barrier-free access to the EU s single market for such key industries as cars and financial services. 句子主干 :Free-trade deals require a neutral umpire 句子主干 2: So would any effort 注释 : 这里 so 的表达类似于以前咱们学习的 so did I 翻译 : 自贸协定需要中立的裁定 下一句 So 是承接上一句的中立裁定, 也就是后面的这件事情也同样需要中立裁定, 具体是什么事情呢?any effort to secure post-brexit barrier-free access to the EU s single market, 这部分是句子的核心, 即脱欧后为了维持英国进入欧洲单一市场的无障碍通道所作出的努力, 后面指出特别是一些重要的产业, 如汽车以及金融行业 这些努力应该受到中立的裁定 ~ [5]Such a sectoral approach is anyway unlikely to work, for two reasons. One is that the EU will not offer favoured access to its market only for certain industries. The second is that the World Trade Organization does not allow it. The WTO accepts free trade deals and customs unions, but only if they embrace substantially all the trade. Were the EU to single out cars, say, for

5 barrier-free trade with Britain, the EU would be obliged by the WTO s non-discrimination rules to offer the same deal to all WTO members, including China and India. sectoral ['sektərəl] adj. 部门的 ; 行业的 ; 经济领域的 [ 例句 ]These mechanisms are likely to be launched initially as pilot projects, on a regional orsectoral basis. 这些机制有可能开始会在一个地区或一个行业里作为试点项目开展 embrace [ɪm'breɪs; em-] n. 拥抱 vt. 拥抱 ; 信奉, 皈依 ; 包含 vi. 拥抱 [ 例句 ]Embrace it. 拥抱它 oblige [ə'blaɪdʒ] vt. 迫使 ; 强制 ; 赐, 施恩惠 ; 责成 ; 义务 vi. 帮忙 ; 施恩惠 [ 例句 ]Another is to oblige manufacturers to take back and dispose of certain goods whenconsumers have finished with them. 另一个办法是, 当消费者使用完一些特定的物品后, 迫使制造商收回处置 长难句 : Were the EU to single out cars, say, for barrier-free trade with Britain, the EU would be obliged by the WTO s non-discrimination rules to offer the same deal to all WTO members, including China and India. 条件状语从句 :Were the EU to single out cars, say, for barrier-free trade with Britain, 主句主干 :the EU would be obliged to offer to 注释 : 条件状语从句出现了倒装, 恢复正常是 if the EU were to single out cars for barrier-free trade with Britain 主干就是 the EU would be obliged by sth to offer sth, 也就是欧盟会受到某种规定的约束必须提供某些服务, 翻译 : 如果欧盟对英国单独打开汽车市场的无障碍通道, 那么根据世贸组织的 non-discrimination rules, 这也是一个专有名词, 非歧视原则, 那么欧盟也必须要向所有的世贸组织成员国打开无障碍通道, 包括中国和印度 ~

6 [6]Mrs May was frank about the trade-off between being in the single market and taking back control of borders and laws. She even declared that to stay in the single market would mean to all intents and purposes not leaving the EU at all. But she was less honest in not admitting that Brexit will impose costs, and that a hard Brexit will make them heavier. A YouGov poll for Open Britain, a pro-eu group, finds that even a majority of Leave voters are not prepared to be made worse off in order to control immigration. frank [fræŋk] n. 免费邮寄特权 adj. 坦白的, 直率的 ; 老实的 vt. 免费邮寄 [ 例句 ]As a teacher, to be honest means being loyal to the educational career, keeping onimproving, being sincere to others and being frank and honest to students. 教师要做到诚信就要对事业忠诚 精益求精 对人真诚 对学生坦诚 declare [dɪ'kleə] vt. 宣布, 声明 ; 断言, 宣称 vi. 声明, 宣布 [ 例句 ]Have you anything to declare? 你有什么东西要申报吗? poll [pəʊl] n. 投票 ; 民意测验 ; 投票数 ; 投票所 adj. 无角的 ; 剪过毛的 ; 修过枝的 vt. 投票 ; 剪短 ; 对 进行民意测验 ; 获得选票 vi. 投票 [ 例句 ]Who else do they poll for? 它还为谁做民意调查? majority [mə'dʒɒrɪtɪ] n. 多数 ; 成年 [ 例句 ]His opinion represents that of the majority. 他的意见代表大多数人的意见 immigration [ɪmɪ'ɡreɪʃn] n. 外来移民 ; 移居 [ 例句 ]But what about the "War on Immigration"? 那么 移民战争 又如何呢?

7 [7]Mrs May s response that the economy has done better since the referendum than economists forecast is disingenuous. Not only have easier monetary and fiscal policy and the fall in sterling cushioned the impact but Brexit has not yet happened and until recently many firms hoped to stay in the single market. Nor did Mrs May offer any solution to the problems that leaving the single market and customs union will cause for the border with Ireland, where there are currently no customs checks. disingenuous [,dɪsɪn'dʒenjʊəs] adj. 虚伪的 ; 不诚实的 ; 不老实的 ; 狡猾的 [ 例句 ]But this is disingenuous. 但是这是虚伪的 monetary ['mʌnɪt(ə)rɪ] adj. 货币的 ; 财政的 [ 例句 ]So that will be the monetary policy tool. 所以, 这将会是货币政策的工具 fiscal ['fɪsk(ə)l] adj. 会计的, 财政的 ; 国库的 [ 例句 ]The accountants audited the company s books at the end of the fiscal year. 财政年度结束时, 会计师们审查公司的账册 cushion ['kʊʃ(ə)n] n. 垫子 ; 起缓解作用之物 ;( 猪等的 ) 臀肉 ; 银行储蓄 vt. 给 安上垫子 ; 把 安置在垫子上 ; 缓和 的冲击 [ 例句 ]She plumps up the sofa cushion. javascript:; 她把沙发垫子拍得鼓鼓的 长难句 : Mrs May s response that the economy has done better since the referendum than economists forecast is disingenuous. 句子主干 :Mrs May s response is disingenuous. 同位语从句 :that the economy has done better than economists forecast 这里 that 引导的同位语从句修饰名词 response 注释 : 句子的核心就是 : 梅相的说法是虚伪的 关于什么的说法呢, 即自公投以来, 英国的经济现状是要比经济学家们预测的好很多的 翻译 : 梅相关于自公投以来, 英国的经济现状是要比经济学家们预测的好很多的整个回应是虚伪的 [8]Negotiating free-trade agreements will be harder and more time-consuming than Mrs May suggests. She expressed hope that a comprehensive deal with the EU could be done in two years. But experience suggests this is highly unlikely. Many EU countries say they need to settle divorce terms (dividing up property, pensions and so on) before even talking about trade. Canada s free-trade deal with the EU has taken seven years and is not yet in force. For Britain to replicate the EU s trade deals with 53 third countries will be more testing than today s enthusiastic talk of an early agreement with America suggests (see next story). And ratification is always tricky: a

8 recent ECJ ruling makes a free-trade deal with Britain a mixed agreement that must be approved by every parliament in the EU, including regional ones. comprehensive [kɒmprɪ'hensɪv] n. 综合学校 ; 专业综合测验 adj. 综合的 ; 广泛的 ; 有理解力的 [ 例句 ]This one is designed to be the most comprehensive. 这次调查是所有调查中最全面的一次 negotiating [nɪ'goʃɪ,etɪŋ] n. 谈判 v. 谈判 (negotiate 的 ing 形式 ); 磋商 [ 例句 ]So, and you start negotiating from there. 于是, 您们的谈判就从此开始了 divorce [dɪ'vɔːs] n. 离婚 ; 分离 vt. 使离婚, 使分离 ; 与 离婚 vi. 离婚 [ 例句 ]Everyone remarked on her divorce. 人人都在议论她的离婚 enthusiastic [ɪn,θjuːzɪ'æstɪk; en-] adj. 热情的 ; 热心的 ; 狂热的 [ 例句 ]Here the crowd was thickest and most enthusiastic. 这里的人群最密集, 热情也最高 parliament ['pɑːləm(ə)nt] n. 议会, 国会 [ 例句 ]The government succeeded in carrying its plan through Parliament. 政府成功地使计划在国会中获得通过 [9]The truth is that when Mrs May formally triggers Brexit she will find the cards stacked against her. Subject to an imminent Supreme Court ruling on needing parliamentary approval, she plans to initiate the process in March. The divorce proceedings then have an extremely tight two-year deadline. Mrs May acknowledged the need for transition, but only as an implementation process towards a final deal. As she conceded, the other 27 EU countries have been impressively united over Brexit. They may welcome her new clarity, but for them the preservation of the union is more pressing than all else. As several leaders have said, Britain cannot have a better deal outside than inside the club. triggers ['trigəz]

9 n. [ 电子 ] 触发器 ; 触发物 (trigger 的复数 ) v. 引起 (trigger 的单三形式 ); 引爆 [ 例句 ]So we have to resort to triggers as in Listing 8. 所以我们必须像清单 8 那样借助于触发器 imminent ['ɪmɪnənt] adj. 即将来临的 ; 迫近的 [ 例句 ]But there is little sign that this is at all imminent. 不过, 几乎没有迹象显示这样的情形迫在眉睫 parliamentary [,pɑːlə'ment(ə)rɪ] adj. 议会的 ; 国会的 ; 议会制度的 [ 例句 ]That party lost 15 seats in the parliamentary election. 该党在议会选举中失去了 15 席 implementation [ɪmplɪmen'teɪʃ(ə)n] n. [ 计 ] 实现 ; 履行 ; 安装启用 [ 例句 ]They do, however, greatly affect the implementation of those patterns. 然而, 它们的确对那些模式的实现影响很大 [10]Mrs May made helpful noises about not wishing to see the EU unravel, unlike Donald Trump. She stressed the need to retain co-operation on foreign policy and security. And she said Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget (though no longer vast contributions, so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well). But she also threatened her partners, calling it an act of calamitous self-harm if they pushed for a punitive settlement; Britain could retaliate by slashing taxes, she said. She believes her predecessor, David Cameron, made a mistake by not being ready to walk out rather than accept inadequate new membership terms. In her speech, indeed, she insisted that no deal was better than a bad deal. retain [rɪ'teɪn] vt. 保持 ; 雇 ; 记住 [ 例句 ]His speech could not retain the interest of his audience. 他的讲话不能保持住听众的兴趣 budget ['bʌdʒɪt] n. 预算, 预算费 adj. 廉价的 vt. 安排, 预定 ; 把 编入预算 vi. 编预算, 做预算 [ 例句 ]The congress approved the budget.

10 国会批准了国家预算 calamitous [kə'læmɪtəs] adj. 灾难的, 悲惨的 ; 不幸的 [ 例句 ]This need not be calamitous. 这并不一定是灾难 punitive ['pjuːnɪtɪv] adj. 惩罚性的 ; 刑罚的 [ 例句 ]Rather than a punitive time-out ("Go to your room!"), take her to a comfy sofa in the den or to a favorite corner of her bedroom. 这时候, 我们不要惩罚性的说 : 回你的房间去! 而应该让他 / 她去大厅里舒服的沙发或者是卧室里她最喜欢的一角呆着 长难句 : She said Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget (though no longer vast contributions, so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well). 句子主干 :She said 宾语从句 :Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget 状语从句 :though no longer vast contributions 结果状语从句 :so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well 注释 : 主句和宾语从句架构都比较简单, 重点看一下括号里面的 so 引导的结果状语从句, 这个从句的主干部分是 talk may not go down well 其中 in Brussels 修饰 talk 是发生在哪里的 talk,of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn 也是介词短语修饰 talk 说明 talk 的内容 翻译 :Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget, 怎样, 我们英国还是会支付一定的赡养费的, 虽然不是 vast contribution, 要知道之前英国大哥每天都会给欧盟爸爸 5000 万英镑啊 ~ 我们来看一下括号里面的内容, 其实括号是接上句展开的叙述 ~ 前面说英国还是会支付一部分的,though no longer "vast contributions", 虽然不再是巨大贡献 so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well,so 表示结果, 因此在布鲁塞尔的谈话, 关于什么的谈话呢, 关于英国 500 亿英镑的脱欧账单, 进展的不太顺利 [11]As Malcolm Barr of J.P. Morgan points out, this is a dangerous line. No deal would mean falling back on WTO terms, implying not just non-tariff barriers and lost access to the single market but actual tariffs on exports of cars, pharmaceuticals, processed foods and much else. The EU would suffer too, but its goods exports to Britain are worth only3% of its GDP; Britain s to the EU are worth 12% of its own GDP. Mrs May has made a powerful case for her version of a hard Brexit. But it is Britain, not the 27, that is the demandeur in these negotiations. And that will make securing a good outcome hard in every sense. 长难句 :

11 No deal would mean falling back on WTO terms, implying not just non-tariff barriers and lost access to the single market but actual tariffs on exports of cars, pharmaceuticals, processed foods and much else. 句子主干 :No deal would mean falling back on WTO terms 结果状语 :implying 并列结构 :not just but 注释 :implying 后面是前面整个主干事件的结果状语,implying 后的名词有 not just 后面的名词也有 but 后面的 non-tariff barriers and lost access to the single market 还有 actual tariffs on exports of cars, pharmaceuticals, processed foods and much else 翻译 : 放弃协议就意味着大家都遵守世贸组织的规定, 也就是说不但要遵守 non-tariff barriers, 非关税壁垒制度, 什么意思, 除了关税以外的还会有其他限制进口的各种措施, 比如限额啊, 质量严苛把关啊, 要出口的苹果必须直径 8 厘米色泽红润无斑点啊之类的, 并且还不能够进入单一市场, 并且呢, 还会对于汽车医药加工食品以及其他很多商品征收关税 ~ It is Britain, not the 27, that is the demandeur in these negotiations. And that will make securing a good outcome hard in every sense. 句子主干 :It is Britain 插入语 :not the 27 定语从句 :that is the demandeur in these negotiations 并列连词 :And 句子主干 2: that will make hard 注释 : 主干这里是强调一下 Britain 另外 the 27 指的是没有英国之后的欧盟 翻译 :Demandeur 是 demander 的法语表达, 英语中有时候这样用会增加语言的趣味性, 作者指出在这件事情中, 英国是索求方, 态度还如此强硬, 以后的路应该更不好走 ~~ 这将使得确保一个好的结果全方位艰难啊! 单词汇总 : Brexit n. 英国退欧 (Britain 和 exit 的合成词 )

12 [ 例句 ]That in turn means there is a real risk of a U.K exit or "Brexit". 这反过来意味着英国退出或者说是英国脱欧有着切实的风险 paradox ['pærədɒks] n. 悖论, 反论 ; 似非而是的论点 ; 自相矛盾的人或事 [ 例句 ]How to reconcile this paradox? 如何解释这种矛盾? prime [praɪm] n. 初期 ; 青年 ; 精华 ; 全盛时期 adj. 主要的 ; 最好的 ; 基本的 vt. 使准备好 ; 填装 vi. 作准备 adv. 极好地 [ 例句 ]This should be the prime of our lives. 这应该是我们人生的黄金时期 clarify ['klærɪfaɪ] vt. 澄清 ; 阐明 vi. 得到澄清 ; 变得明晰 ; 得到净化 [ 例句 ]He issued a statement to clarify the situation. 他发表了一项声明以澄清形势 investor [ɪn'vestə] n. 投资者 [ 例句 ]I have investor "interest", but no checks. What should I do? 我要给投资人 " 利息 ", 但没有支票. 应该怎么办? sterling ['stɜːlɪŋ] n. 英国货币 ; 标准纯银 adj. 纯正的 ; 英币的 ; 纯银制的 [ 例句 ]You can change your sterling into the local currency at the airport. 你可以在机场把你的英镑兑换成当地的货币 union ['juːnjən; -ɪən] n. 联盟, 协会 ; 工会 ; 联合 [ 例句 ]Some of the union members did not want to picket. 工会的一些会员不想担任罢工纠察员 trailed [treild] adj. 被牵引的 v. 拖, 尾随, 追踪 (trail 的过去分词形式 ) [ 例句 ]fillet de cheval r?ti, you couldn't do much with horse ice-cream, so it sort of trailedby the end.

13 马肉片, 你不能对马肉冰激凌指望太多, 所以就有些虎头蛇尾了 liberal ['lɪb(ə)r(ə)l] n. 自由主义者 adj. 自由主义的 ; 慷慨的 ; 不拘泥的 ; 宽大的 [ 例句 ]They disagreed on how to define liberal. 他们对如何解释 liberal 一词的词义有不同意见 slogan ['sləʊg(ə)n] n. 标语 ; 呐喊声 [ 例句 ]If this sounds like a slogan, it is. 如果这听起来像是口号, 它的确是 protectionist [prəʊ'tekʃənɪst] n. 贸易保护主义者 adj. 贸易保护主义的 ; 保护贸易论的 [ 例句 ] I think we have to be very careful about sending any protectionist signals out the re, he said. 我想我们必须对发布任何贸易保护主义的讯号都要非常小心 他说 pettifogging ['peti,fɔiŋ, -fɔ:ɡ] n. 诡辩, 欺骗 adj. 骗人的 ; 琐碎的, 无用的 ; 诡辩的 v. 欺诈 ; 诡辩 (pettifog 的 ing 形式 ) [ 例句 ]Marius, my boy, you are a Baron, you are rich, don't go to pettifogging, I beg of you. 马吕斯, 我的孩子, 你是男爵, 你富有, 我求你不要再去当律师了 freer ['fri:ə] n. 给予自由的人或事物 [ 例句 ]But to be richer, happier, and freer, all you need to do is want less. 但是为了更加富有 开开心和自由, 你需要做的只是少要一些 referendum [,refə'rendəm] n. 公民投票权 ; 外交官请示书 [ 例句 ]Estonia said today it too plans to hold a referendum on independence. 爱沙尼亚今天称它也计划要就独立进行全民公决 steroids ['stiərɔidz] n. [ 生化 ] 类固醇 (steroid 的复数形式 ); 甾体 [ 例句 ]And he did it all without steroids. 他没有借助类固醇便办到了 rhetoric ['retərɪk]

14 n. 修辞, 修辞学 ; 华丽的词藻 adj. 花言巧语的 [ 例句 ]The elections are over, the rhetoric should stop, it s time to go back to work. 选举该结束了, 停止那些花言巧语吧, 是时候回去工作了 drawback ['drɔːbæk] n. 缺点, 不利条件 ; 退税 [ 例句 ]In our case, the only drawback I see is that I can t share certain information withhim. 在我们这段关系中, 我看到的唯一缺点就是我不能和他分享某些信息 jurisdiction [,dʒʊərɪs'dɪkʃ(ə)n] n. 司法权, 审判权, 管辖权 ; 权限, 权力 [ 例句 ]This case comes under the jurisdiction of a lower court. 这个案件属于低一级法院的管辖范围 umpire ['ʌmpaɪə] n. 裁判员, 仲裁人 vt. 仲裁, 裁判 vi. 当裁判, 任裁判 [ 例句 ]I can see my hand when I m writing. At Little League games, I can see where thecatcher, batter and umpire are. 她说 : 写字的时候我能看到自己的手, 玩小联盟游戏时我能看到接球手 击球员和裁判的 位置 financial [faɪ'nænʃ(ə)l; fɪ-] adj. 金融的 ; 财政的, 财务的 [ 例句 ]The strength of our country bulwarked us through the financial crisis. 我国的实力使我们得以安然渡过这次金融危机 sectoral ['sektərəl] adj. 部门的 ; 行业的 ; 经济领域的 [ 例句 ]These mechanisms are likely to be launched initially as pilot projects, on a regional orsectoral basis. 这些机制有可能开始会在一个地区或一个行业里作为试点项目开展 embrace [ɪm'breɪs; em-] n. 拥抱 vt. 拥抱 ; 信奉, 皈依 ; 包含 vi. 拥抱 [ 例句 ]Embrace it. 拥抱它 oblige [ə'blaɪdʒ] vt. 迫使 ; 强制 ; 赐, 施恩惠 ; 责成 ; 义务

15 vi. 帮忙 ; 施恩惠 [ 例句 ]Another is to oblige manufacturers to take back and dispose of certain goods whenconsumers have finished with them. 另一个办法是, 当消费者使用完一些特定的物品后, 迫使制造商收回处置 frank [fræŋk] n. 免费邮寄特权 adj. 坦白的, 直率的 ; 老实的 vt. 免费邮寄 [ 例句 ]As a teacher, to be honest means being loyal to the educational career, keeping onimproving, being sincere to others and being frank and honest to students. 教师要做到诚信就要对事业忠诚 精益求精 对人真诚 对学生坦诚 declare [dɪ'kleə] vt. 宣布, 声明 ; 断言, 宣称 vi. 声明, 宣布 [ 例句 ]Have you anything to declare? 你有什么东西要申报吗? poll [pəʊl] n. 投票 ; 民意测验 ; 投票数 ; 投票所 adj. 无角的 ; 剪过毛的 ; 修过枝的 vt. 投票 ; 剪短 ; 对 进行民意测验 ; 获得选票 vi. 投票 [ 例句 ]Who else do they poll for? 它还为谁做民意调查? majority [mə'dʒɒrɪtɪ] n. 多数 ; 成年 [ 例句 ]His opinion represents that of the majority. 他的意见代表大多数人的意见 immigration [ɪmɪ'ɡreɪʃn] n. 外来移民 ; 移居 [ 例句 ]But what about the "War on Immigration"? 那么 移民战争 又如何呢? disingenuous [,dɪsɪn'dʒenjʊəs] adj. 虚伪的 ; 不诚实的 ; 不老实的 ; 狡猾的 [ 例句 ]But this is disingenuous.

16 但是这是虚伪的 monetary ['mʌnɪt(ə)rɪ] adj. 货币的 ; 财政的 [ 例句 ]So that will be the monetary policy tool. 所以, 这将会是货币政策的工具 fiscal ['fɪsk(ə)l] adj. 会计的, 财政的 ; 国库的 [ 例句 ]The accountants audited the company s books at the end of the fiscal year. 财政年度结束时, 会计师们审查公司的账册 cushion ['kʊʃ(ə)n] n. 垫子 ; 起缓解作用之物 ;( 猪等的 ) 臀肉 ; 银行储蓄 vt. 给 安上垫子 ; 把 安置在垫子上 ; 缓和 的冲击 [ 例句 ]She plumps up the sofa cushion. javascript:; 她把沙发垫子拍得鼓鼓的 comprehensive [kɒmprɪ'hensɪv] n. 综合学校 ; 专业综合测验 adj. 综合的 ; 广泛的 ; 有理解力的 [ 例句 ]This one is designed to be the most comprehensive. 这次调查是所有调查中最全面的一次 negotiating [nɪ'goʃɪ,etɪŋ] n. 谈判 v. 谈判 (negotiate 的 ing 形式 ); 磋商 [ 例句 ]So, and you start negotiating from there. 于是, 您们的谈判就从此开始了 divorce [dɪ'vɔːs] n. 离婚 ; 分离 vt. 使离婚, 使分离 ; 与 离婚 vi. 离婚 [ 例句 ]Everyone remarked on her divorce. 人人都在议论她的离婚 enthusiastic [ɪn,θjuːzɪ'æstɪk; en-] adj. 热情的 ; 热心的 ; 狂热的 [ 例句 ]Here the crowd was thickest and most enthusiastic. 这里的人群最密集, 热情也最高 parliament ['pɑːləm(ə)nt]

17 n. 议会, 国会 [ 例句 ]The government succeeded in carrying its plan through Parliament. 政府成功地使计划在国会中获得通过 triggers ['trigəz] n. [ 电子 ] 触发器 ; 触发物 (trigger 的复数 ) v. 引起 (trigger 的单三形式 ); 引爆 [ 例句 ]So we have to resort to triggers as in Listing 8. 所以我们必须像清单 8 那样借助于触发器 imminent ['ɪmɪnənt] adj. 即将来临的 ; 迫近的 [ 例句 ]But there is little sign that this is at all imminent. 不过, 几乎没有迹象显示这样的情形迫在眉睫 parliamentary [,pɑːlə'ment(ə)rɪ] adj. 议会的 ; 国会的 ; 议会制度的 [ 例句 ]That party lost 15 seats in the parliamentary election. 该党在议会选举中失去了 15 席 implementation [ɪmplɪmen'teɪʃ(ə)n] n. [ 计 ] 实现 ; 履行 ; 安装启用 [ 例句 ]They do, however, greatly affect the implementation of those patterns. 然而, 它们的确对那些模式的实现影响很大 retain [rɪ'teɪn] vt. 保持 ; 雇 ; 记住 [ 例句 ]His speech could not retain the interest of his audience. 他的讲话不能保持住听众的兴趣 budget ['bʌdʒɪt] n. 预算, 预算费 adj. 廉价的 vt. 安排, 预定 ; 把 编入预算 vi. 编预算, 做预算 [ 例句 ]The congress approved the budget. 国会批准了国家预算 calamitous [kə'læmɪtəs] adj. 灾难的, 悲惨的 ; 不幸的 [ 例句 ]This need not be calamitous. 这并不一定是灾难 punitive ['pjuːnɪtɪv]

18 adj. 惩罚性的 ; 刑罚的 [ 例句 ]Rather than a punitive time-out ("Go to your room!"), take her to a comfy sofa in the den or to a favorite corner of her bedroom. 这时候, 我们不要惩罚性的说 : 回你的房间去! 而应该让他 / 她去大厅里舒服的沙发或者是卧室里她最喜欢的一角呆着 长难句汇总 : 1.Free-trade deals require a neutral umpire. So would any effort, hinted at again by Mrs May, to secure post-brexit barrier-free access to the EU s single market for such key industries as cars and financial services. 句子主干 :Free-trade deals require a neutral umpire 句子主干 2: So would any effort 注释 : 这里 so 的表达类似于以前咱们学习的 so did I 翻译 : 自贸协定需要中立的裁定 下一句 So 是承接上一句的中立裁定, 也就是后面的这件事情也同样需要中立裁定, 具体是什么事情呢?any effort to secure post-brexit barrier-free access to the EU s single market, 这部分是句子的核心, 即脱欧后为了维持英国进入欧洲单一市场的无障碍通道所作出的努力, 后面指出特别是一些重要的产业, 如汽车以及金融行业 这些努力应该受到中立的裁定 ~ 2. Were the EU to single out cars, say, for barrier-free trade with Britain, the EU would be obliged by the WTO s non-discrimination rules to offer the same deal to all WTO members, including China and India. 条件状语从句 :Were the EU to single out cars, say, for barrier-free trade with Britain, 主句主干 :the EU would be obliged to offer to 注释 : 条件状语从句出现了倒装, 恢复正常是 if the EU were to single out cars for barrier-free trade with Britain 主干就是 the EU would be obliged by sth to offer sth, 也就是欧盟会受到某种规定的约束必须提供某些服务, 翻译 : 如果欧盟对英国单独打开汽车市场的无障碍通道, 那么根据世贸组织的 non-discrimination rules, 这也是一个专有名词, 非歧视原则, 那么欧盟也必须要向所有的世贸组织成员国打开无障碍通道, 包括中国和印度 ~ 3. Mrs May s response that the economy has done better since the referendum than economists forecast is disingenuous.

19 句子主干 :Mrs May s response is disingenuous. 同位语从句 :that the economy has done better than economists forecast 这里 that 引导的同位语从句修饰名词 response 注释 : 句子的核心就是 : 梅相的说法是虚伪的 关于什么的说法呢, 即自公投以来, 英国的经济现状是要比经济学家们预测的好很多的 翻译 : 梅相关于自公投以来, 英国的经济现状是要比经济学家们预测的好很多的整个回应是虚伪的 4. She said Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget (though no longer vast contributions, so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well). 句子主干 :She said 宾语从句 :Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget 状语从句 :though no longer vast contributions 结果状语从句 :so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well 注释 : 主句和宾语从句架构都比较简单, 重点看一下括号里面的 so 引导的结果状语从句, 这个从句的主干部分是 talk may not go down well 其中 in Brussels 修饰 talk 是发生在哪里的 talk,of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn 也是介词短语修饰 talk 说明 talk 的内容 翻译 :Britain might pay modestly into the EU budget, 怎样, 我们英国还是会支付一定的赡养费的, 虽然不是 vast contribution, 要知道之前英国大哥每天都会给欧盟爸爸 5000 万英镑啊 ~ 我们来看一下括号里面的内容, 其实括号是接上句展开的叙述 ~ 前面说英国还是会支付一部分的,though no longer "vast contributions", 虽然不再是巨大贡献 so talk in Brussels of an initial Brexit bill of upwards of 50bn, or $53bn, may not go down well,so 表示结果, 因此在布鲁塞尔的谈话, 关于什么的谈话呢, 关于英国 500 亿英镑的脱欧账单, 进展的不太顺利 5. No deal would mean falling back on WTO terms, implying not just non-tariff barriers and lost access to the single market but actual tariffs on exports of cars, pharmaceuticals, processed foods and much else. 句子主干 :No deal would mean falling back on WTO terms 结果状语 :implying 并列结构 :not just but 注释 :implying 后面是前面整个主干事件的结果状语,implying 后的名词有 not just 后面的名词也有 but 后面的 non-tariff barriers and lost access to the single market 还有 actual tariffs on exports of cars, pharmaceuticals, processed foods and much else 翻译 : 放弃协议就意味着大家都遵守世贸组织的规定, 也就是说不但要遵守 non-tariff barriers, 非关税壁垒制度, 什么意思, 除了关税以外的还会有其他限制进口的各种措施,

20 比如限额啊, 质量严苛把关啊, 要出口的苹果必须直径 8 厘米色泽红润无斑点啊之类的, 并 且还不能够进入单一市场, 并且呢, 还会对于汽车医药加工食品以及其他很多商品征收关税 ~ 6. It is Britain, not the 27, that is the demandeur in these negotiations. And that will make securing a good outcome hard in every sense. 句子主干 :It is Britain 插入语 :not the 27 定语从句 :that is the demandeur in these negotiations 并列连词 :And 句子主干 2: that will make hard 注释 : 主干这里是强调一下 Britain 另外 the 27 指的是没有英国之后的欧盟 翻译 :Demandeur 是 demander 的法语表达, 英语中有时候这样用会增加语言的趣味性, 作者指出在这件事情中, 英国是索求方, 态度还如此强硬, 以后的路应该更不好走 ~~ 这将使得确保一个好的结果全方位艰难啊!