A long time ago, as a little girl, I dreamed of traveling all over the world, And often I'd ask about the past Driving everyone crazy fast!

Transcription

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2 A long time ago, as a little girl, I dreamed of traveling all over the world, And often I'd ask about the past Driving everyone crazy fast!

3 Amused by this my parents thought, Why not call me History for short?

4 Since then I ve traveled By land, sea, and air So read this book and I ll take you somewhere!

5 The Adventures of Little Miss HISTORY, Volume I 2017 Barbara Ann Mojica. All Rights Reserved. Published in The UNITED STATES of AMERICA eugenus STUDIOS, LLC P.O. BOX 112 CRARYVILLE, NY Barbara@LittleMissHISTORY.com WebSite: ISBN-13: ISBN-10: No part of this book is to be reproduced or distributed in any format without the written permission from the author.

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9 Edouard De Laboulaye, the father of the Statue of Liberty, came up with the idea for the statue in 1865.

10 He was a Frenchman who supported the Union during the American Civil War and was an Abolitionist.

11 Laboulaye convinced the French government to give a statue of freedom to the Americans as a gift in recognition of their friendship and shared spirit for liberty.

12 In 1876 Laboulaye chose a sculptor and friend named Frederic Auguste Bartholdi to design the statue. He was already working on a bust of Laboulaye.

13 In 1879 the statue s engineer, Eugene Viollet-le-Duc died so Bartholdi hired another engineer for the job. He chose the man who designed the Eiffel Tower, Alexandre Gustave Eiffel.

14 The French and Americans decided to share the cost of building the Statue of Liberty. The French would build the statue, the Americans the pedestal, but they both had trouble funding the project.

15 The Americans picked architect Richard Morris Hunt to design a grand pedestal. His plan combined the designs of a fortress with the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria.

16 After the cornerstone was laid, they ran out of money so Hunt created a smaller and wider design. To save money they used concrete walls up to twenty feet thick faced with blocks of granite.

17 A newspaper editor named Joseph Pulitzer, of Pulitzer Prize fame, raised money using his newspaper. His editorial scolded the rich and middle class for not donating money to the pedestal project. It worked!

18 Even children helped. They sent in one dollar each, money they had saved to go to the circus.

19 Emma Lazarus, a Jewish-American woman, writer, poet and advocate for the Jewish community, wrote a poem called The New Colossus to raise money for the Statue of Liberty s pedestal.

20 Her poem is on a bronze tablet at the statue s base.

21 This was quite an achievement. At that time women did not have the right to vote. Women were not even allowed on Bedloe Island, Liberty Island today, to see the unveiling.

22 The French had to take the statue apart before they could get it to America.

23 In 1885 she arrived in 350 pieces. They were packed in 214 wooden crates on a ship named Isere that nearly sank in rough seas!

24 Workers put the statue back together again in four months! In 1886 it was finished.

25 New York City held its first ticker tape parade ever to celebrate the unveiling.

26 The Statue of Liberty, sometimes called Lady Liberty, was believed to be modeled after the Roman goddess of freedom, Libertas. But in 1883 a famous sculptor named Pio Fedi completed this statue called Liberty of Poetry.

27 At first Lady Liberty served as a lighthouse!

28 It was not until 1924 that she was designated a National Monument by President Calvin Coolidge.

29 And now back to Lady Liberty herself. You can see broken chains under her feet. These represent freedom for all!

30 The outside copper coating on the statue is really thin. It is less than the thickness of two pennies!

31 The green color called patina happens because she stands in all types of weather.

32 The keystone in Lady Liberty's left hand represents our government's keystone document, The Declaration of Independence.

33 A keystone in architecture supports all other stones in the arch.

34 This keystone has inscribed on it the date July 4, 1776.

35 Her crown has seven rays that stand for the world s continents. They are: North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica.

36 This famous lady has become a symbol of freedom and hope worldwide.

37 I hope you will visit her one day...

38 ... and may she continue lighting the way to hope and liberty for all!

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41 More than 100 million Americans can trace their ancestry to the immigrants who came through Ellis Island.

42 Before Ellis Island opened in 1892, immigrants passed through Castle Garden Immigration Center across the bay in Manhattan.

43 Ellis Island began its life as a three acre sand bar. Samuel Ellis, a butcher, agreed to sell it to New York State. In 1808 the state transferred it to the federal government to serve as a military base, Fort Gibson. After the War of 1812, they abandoned the fort and used it to store weapons.

44 The Federal Bureau of Immigration renamed it Ellis Island in 1891.

45 The original wooden building on Ellis Island burned after five years.

46 The new main building opened in William Alciphron Boring and Edward Lippincott Tilton received gold medals for its design.

47 Annie Moore, a fifteen year old Irish immigrant, disembarked first. She got an official greeting and a $10 gold coin. That was the most money that she had ever owned.

48 From 1894 to 1924, more than 70% of all immigrants came through the port of New York.

49 Inspectors climbed aboard the incoming steamships to inspect the first and second class passengers...

50 ... while the poorer immigrants had to walk single file through the Great Hall to face inspection.

51 Dr. Carl Ramus served on Ellis Island on and off from He quickly identified immigrants with contagious diseases.

52 Symbols were chalked on clothing of anyone with visible health problems.

53 Medical examiners closely observed the immigrants as they climbed the staircase.

54 Harvey E. Snider worked here as a gatekeeper, watchman, guard, and clerk. He rose to Chief Inspector supervising the entire night staff on Ellis Island.

55 About 2% of all immigrants were sent back home because of disease, insanity or criminal background.

56 Augustus F. Sherman photographed detained immigrants in native costume. As Chief Clerk he heard the appeals from rejected immigrants. He decided who could enter the country.

57 Those who failed inspection were sent home or placed in the hospital on the island. More than three thousand died while waiting.

58 Ellis Island received the nicknames, The Island of Tears or Heartbreak Island.

59 Fiorello H. LaGuardia, who later became the mayor of New York City, , translated German, Italian, Yiddish and Croatian for immigrants on Ellis Island.

60 Immigrants who passed inspection had to answer 29 questions.

61 Immigrants who passed inspection met relatives and friends outside the Registry Room by...

62 During World War II, Ellis Island served as a prison for German merchant sailors and others suspected of spying or sabotage.

63 After 1950, the U.S. Government passed strict laws controlling immigration of those suspected to have Communist sympathies. They set up quotas that cut down the number of immigrants allowed entry.

64 The whole south side of Ellis Island is called the sad side and is now off limits.

65 In 1965 President Johnson included Ellis Island as part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument.

66 Lyndon B. Johnson 36th President of the United States

67 The main building reopened in 1990 as a museum.

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69 In 1998, The United States Supreme Court settled a boundary dispute between New York and New Jersey.

70 They declared that most of the island is in New Jersey.

71 Today the National Park Service operates Ellis Island.

72 The United States Park Police, Marine Patrol guard the waterways.

73 Wouldn t you like to visit Ellis Island to research your ancestors? You can do so...

74 ... at stations like this.

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77 Today we are traveling by sea, air and Space all at one place.

78 We are on the INTREPID Sea, Air & Space Museum. She s on the Hudson River at Pier 86 in New York City.

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80 The USS Intrepid was commissioned on August 8th, 1943, to serve in World War II.

81 Vice Admiral Thomas Lamison Sprague served as Intrepid s first captain.

82 Her crew adopted the motto In Mare In Coelo, ( In the Sea In Heaven or On the Sea (and) In the Sky ).

83 In October of 1944, the Intrepid fought in the largest battle in US naval history at Leyte Gulf, Philippines helping to sink the super-battleship Musashi.

84 Many other enemy ships and planes were destroyed during that three day battle.

85 Japanese pilots who crashed their planes into enemy ships intentionally were called Kamikazes.

86 On October 29th, 1944, nineteen year old Alonzo Swann Jr. and twenty-two other black sailors, fought off a Kamikaze attack.

87 The kamikaze s fiery debris injured some while killing others in Alonzo s group but in the fire and confusion, Alonzo stayed at his post trying to save his shipmates.

88 He and the five other surviving African American gunners received only the Bronze Star. Fifty years later Alonzo Swann received the highest naval military honor, the Navy Cross.

89 By the end of World War II, Intrepid earned the title of...

90 ... The Navy s Most Frequently Hit Carrier.

91 Naval engineers modernized the Intrepid in the 1950 s. In May of 1962, she began serving as a recovery vessel for NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration).

92 On March 23rd, 1965, Intrepid recovered astronauts Gus Grissom and John Young in their Gemini 3 spacecraft, Molly Brown.

93 Intrepid remained an attack carrier until 1962, when she became an antisubmarine warfare carrier. She tracked Russian submarines during the Cold War.

94 Cold Wars are fought with words instead of weapons.

95 Intrepid served three tours off Vietnam in 1966 hitting targets in the Gulf of Tonkin earning one of the fastest launching times recorded by an American carrier.

96 Intrepid s commanding officer at the time, Captain John W. Fair, won the Legion of Merit medal for combat operations.

97 On March 15th, 1974, Intrepid was decommissioned for the final time.

98 Four years later, retired Admiral Zachary Fisher and his wife, Elizabeth, found Intrepid in a scrap yard. They spent $24 million of their own money to save the once mighty warship.

99 In 1982, Intrepid moved to New York City and opened as a museum.

100 Her mission today is to honor our veteran fighters, teach the public, and inspire young people.

101 Intrepid s flight deck holds many different types of aircraft...

102 ... fighter jets, supersonic jets, and helicopters, to name just a few.

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104 You can get a close look at the Space Shuttle Enterprise. She sits inside her own bubble on Intrepid s flight deck.

105 Visit the Exploreum below the flight deck and learn what it s like to live on an aircraft carrier.

106 Watch war movies of past history.

107 Don t think you can t touch anything.

108 Have some fun in Exploreum s Interactive Hall.

109 The Growler Submarine is docked right next door to the Intrepid. You can even go inside.

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111 Here are some things you will see... Here are samples of what you will see...

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113 Intrepid played a new role after September 11, 2001, in New York City.

114 She served as temporary field headquarters for 750 FBI agents investigating the World Trade Center terrorist attack.

115 I am humbled in honoring the heroes who served on Intrepid, one of the most successful ships in US naval history.

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