An Urban Society

Transcription

1 An Urban Society

2 The New Immigrants

3 Why did they move? Push and Pull Factors Push: something that is making you want to leave your country War, famine, civil rights Pull: something that makes you want to move to another country Jobs, freedom, etc. Example: Irish Immigrants

4 What symbols does this artist use to represent the United State? What message is the artist trying to convey about new immigrants?

5 Lady Liberty A gift from the French people commemorating the alliance of France and the United States during the American Revolution. A sign to welcome the Immigrants to America. Was almost not built by America Visual Propaganda helped assist with the building process.

6 Entering America What were two waves of Immigrants? Name two reasons why immigrants wanted to come to America. Which group was more likely to stay in the US? What were steerage accommodations like? Name one form of discrimination against immigrants.

7 Ellis Island

8 The Immigrant Experience Finding Work -greatest challenge Some hired from the homeland to bring to america Unskilled workers Unloading cargo and digging ditches Sweatshops-women and children Dark, overcrowded, hazardous,low pay and long hours Made clothing We started work at 7:30am and during the busy season we worked until 9 o'clock in the evening.they didn't pay any overtime and didn't give you anything for supper money. At times they would give you a little apple pie for your supper. - Pauline Newman worked in a sweatshop as a child

9 Adjusting to America Tried to preserve their own cultures. Immigrant spoke native language, children spoke English at school and with friends, grandchildren spoke English Settled in industrial cities - lack of money Ethnic groups - different neighborhoods Italian, Jewish, Polis, Chinese, etc. Churches and synagogues Published newspapers in their own language US women had more freedom than European of Asian Conflict of traditional ways Washington Avenue Phila. Immigration station 1815 and million immigrants entered through the port of Philadelphia. Operating between 1873 and 1915 served as a portal for European passengers, many of whom connected to railroad lines that took them from Philadelphia into industrial centers across Pennsylvania.

10 Philadelphia South Philly - 2nd largest Little Italy Saint Mary Magdalen de Pazzi near the Ninth Street Market in South Philadelphia, Another Jewish community, New Jerusalem in the Port Richmond section of the city The Jesuit priest Father Felix Joseph Barbelin, S.J., established Saint Joseph s Hospital on Girard Avenue as a hospital to serve Irish immigrants while other ethnic groups established health services for their populations in the twentieth century. The Drueding family brought an order of German sisters to America to operate their North Philadelphia workers infirmary, which developed into the Holy Redeemer Health System.

11 Nativist Movement Assimilation slowed by the attitudes of native-born Americans Thought jobs would be taken away - lower pay Not fit into American society with foreign language, religion, culture, etc. Blamed immigrants for crime, unemployment, etc. Opposed immigration since 1830s increased in late 1800s Chinese Exclusion Act Congress passed in prohibited chinese workers from entering the US for 10 years Extended to 1892 & again in 1902 Similarity in 1907 Fed. Govt and Japan Gentleman's agreement Aimed to limit number of Japanese immigrants Immigration act of 1917 Required immigrants to be able to read and write in some languages Pres. Wilson vetoed but Congress passed Some agreed w/ immigrations Supplied the country with workers.

12 Moving to the City

13 Growth of Cities Major cities like NY, Detroit, Chicago gre do to immigration Made up 80% of population Native-born Ams. moved to cities for jobs. New farming machinery made it possible to produce crops w/ fewer workers Women didn't need to produce household good can buy in market ot catalog Leave farms for jobs in the city 1914 African AMs. move to northern cities for less discrimination Railroads help people move and transport goods.

14 Classes pg. 622 Tenement Living - Lower class Poorest residents (most immigrants) A building where several families lived Became an apartment building in the slums Several people lived in one room & share one cold water tap Filthy and rotten tenements, every nook, eating and sleeping in every windowsill, pouring in and out of every door. Middle Class Growing class families, doctors, lawyers, ministers, managers, etc. Comfortable life Some suburborbs Hot water indoor toilets, and 1900s electricity Some have servants Very Rich Top of economic and social ladder Enormous mansions in the cities and huge estates in the country Lives of extreme luxury Gilded Age Something covered with a thin layer of gold

15 Changing City Skyscrapers s - iron frames to strengthen buildings Safety elevator by Elisha Otis taller buildings are possible 1884 William LeBaron Jenney 10-story office building first skyscraper Louis Sullivan - designed NY Woolworth Building 55 stories in Cathedral of Commerce City Beautiful movement - should enjoy nature Frederick Law Olmsted - Central Park Fairgrounds in Chicago in 1892 and 1893 Transportation Streetcars, horses pulled on tracks Cable-Car Line - San Fran 1873 Trolley Car - Richmond Va 188 Boston - first subway 1897 NYC 1904 subway system largest in world still to today

16 Building Bridges Divided by rivers -