Taiwan Strait: An Aching Suture between the Mainland China and the Taiwan Island --- A study of the Identity of Taiwanese Youth

Transcription

1 1

2 2 Borders in Globalization Research Project 55 Taiwan Strait: An Aching Suture between the Mainland China and the Taiwan Island --- A study of the Identity of Taiwanese Youth Weiyn Wang Powerpoint presentation

3 Taiwan Strait: An Aching Suture between the Mainland China and the Taiwan Island --- A study on the identity of youth Taiwanese Weiyu Wang Department of Political Science

4 Background: the Taiwan Strait as an aching suture Military Conflicts KMT Authoritarian The People s Republic of China in mainland The Republic of China in Taiwan Island - White Terror (228 Incident) - Martial Law 1945 Since s

5 Background: the Taiwan Strait as an aching suture Dual identity: - lost its dominance since 1950s Co-operation Chinese identity: - Degrades from the majority identity to the minority identity Democratic KMT Taiwanese identity: Transformation Authoritarian - Surges from the minority identity to the dominated identity Lift martial - White Terror law -(228 Dangwai Incident) Youth Taiwanese: 90s generation Campaign - Remarkable growth of the Taiwanese - MartialIdentity Law 1990s Since 1950s

6 Research Question: policy, border and identity since 1990s Conceptualizations of the Strait the Taiwanese Identity identity among Youth Taiwanese XX XXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXX Policy Legal Theory: Mobility status Control of Taiwan National identities and borders (a process of othering ) Landscape De-Sinicization and identity Policy and identity Policy in everyday life

7 Findings: Taiwan s legal status with One China Policy Taiwan International as a Free Status Province - The PRC - the UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 The PRC identified Taiwan as a Province, but also a free zone, a foreign restore area within all its its rights territory (jingwai). to the People s Republic of China and A"er to the recognize country is the reunified representatives peacefully, of Taiwan its Governments may prac8ce as systems the only different legitimate from those representatives on the mainland of and China enjoy a to high the United degree of Nations, autonomy. and to expel forthwith the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek from the place which ---- Anti-Secession they unlawfully Law occupy at the United Nations and in all the organizations - The related ROC to it. ----Addi8onal Ar8cles of the Cons8tu8on of The Republic of China With the policy of the ROC is Taiwan, Taiwan has established its own political system, including: - Chinese Taipei The constitution of the Republic of China Political president identity selection of Taiwan in international or regional organization, such as APEC OECD WHA ICAO Rights and obligations between the people of the Chinese mainland area and those of the free area, and the disposition of other related affairs may be specified by law. ----Addi8onal Ar8cles of the Cons8tu8on of The Republic of China Conclusion I: The par8cularity of Taiwan demonstrated by legal documents from the both sides conceptualize Legal China as Mobility a poli8cal term rather than a cultural, historical concept for status most youth Taiwanese, portraying Control the strait as a clear of demarca8on Taiwan between two different poli8cal environment. Moreover, Taiwan s diploma8c crisis caused by the interna8onal recogni8on of the PRC increase the poli8cal De-Sinicization Policy in everyday life prejudice and resentment among youth Taiwanese, which would inevitably facilitate their poli8cal iden8fica8on with Taiwan.

8 Findings: a zone of insecurity and inconvenience Mobility Control Military Conflicts Pass Mainland Residents to - Mainland Third Taiwan Strait Taiwan Crisis ( ) Days The PRC s response to Taiwanese s 1996 president residents Exit & Entry Permit business days election (Taiwan, Republic of China) - Anti-Secession Law in the PRC: Visa the state shall employ non-peaceful means and Passport (Taiwan) other Taiwan necessary measures to protect China s sovereignty Mainland travel permit and territorial integrity 7 business days residents for Taiwan residents Visa 161 country: Visa-free / Visa-on arrival Canada America New Zealand Japan Australia, Europe. 180 Days 90 Days 90 Days 90 Days 90 Days Legal status of Taiwan Mobility Control Taiwan Strait is s8ll delineated as a insecure and inconvenient zone for youth Taiwanese. And this insecure image is embedded in young genera8ons with their growth. The barriers to their mobiliza8on between mainland and Taiwan has pushed them away from the strait, De-Sinicization Policy in everyday life and facilitated their social iden8fica8on with Taiwan.

9 Findings: de-sinicization policy in everyday life Education Control of Policies the New Media - Educational Mainland principles: facilitate the localized education, instill the new Weibo Facebook Taiwanese identity Wechat Line Twitter - School QQ Education: Use traditional Chinese characters Use Information different pinyin of Mainland 60% Add small new courses of Taiwan 51.72% History, negative Taiwan Geography, Taiwan Literature 33% Revise average the textbooks 6.21% positive 7% =>Move large the Chinese 37.24% history into neutral world history =>Define the our country as Taiwan Amount Quality =>Change the words denoting the unification - Exchange Student program Taiwan Conclusion III: Legal status of Taiwan Mobility Control Educated in the new localized educa8on system, youth Taiwanese was ins8lled into more consensus on Taiwan culture. Moreover, due to the control of the new media, limited communica8on between youth from the two sides can be accomplished. This lack of mutual understanding, especially young Taiwanese s De-Sinicization Policy in everyday life wrong understanding of mainland, as well as increasingly different cultural environment, have nurtured youth s cultural and social iden8fica8on with Taiwan through their daily life.

10 Conclusions: growth of the Taiwanese identity of youth Legal status of Taiwan Mobility control Conclusion III: Political identification with Taiwan Educated in the new localized educa8on system, youth Taiwanese was ins8lled into Social more and consensus cultural on identification Taiwan culture. Moreover, due to with the control Taiwan of the new media, limited communica8on between youth from the two sides can be accomplished. This lack of mutual understanding, especially young Taiwanese s Though the cooperation and traditional culture tries to seam wrong the two understanding sides, the practical of mainland, as well as implications of their policies have depicted the strait increasingly an unhealed different suture cultural that environment, delimitate the two shores, and facilitate the growth of the have Taiwanese nurtured identity youth s among cultural and social youth in Taiwan. iden8fica8on with Taiwan through their daily life. Localized education The new media control