Chapter Inquiry- How did the massive immigration to Canada near the turn of the century affect the complex identity of our country?

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1 Chapter 11- Encouraging Immigration Chapter Inquiry- How did the massive immigration to Canada near the turn of the century affect the complex identity of our country? A. Vocabulary 1.Communal lifestyle 2.Discrimination 3.Emigrant (exit) 4.Immigrant (into) 5.Internal migrant 6.Pacifist 7.Pluralistic society 8.Political persecution 9.Pull factors 10.Push factors 11.Religious persecution A means of living whereby a group has no private property and shares both possessions and responsibilities Unfair treatment of a person or group based on prejudice A person who leaves his or her homeland permanently A person who moves to a new country A person who moves from one region to another within one country A person opposed to violence as a means of setting disputes A society made up of many different groups of people, each with its own unique identities, ideas, perspectives and culture. Treating a person cruelly because of his or her political beliefs. A factor that influences people to migrate to a certain country. A factor that pushes people to leave their homelands. Treating a person cruelly because of his or her religious beliefs. 12.Settlement patterns The way farms and human dwellings are arranged in a community or region B. Notes

2 1. List the 4 groups of people who made up the pluralistic society of Western Canada. (page 242) First Nations people Canandiens and English Canadians Metis Early immigrants 2. Who was Canada s first French Canadian Prime Minister? (page 245) - Sir Wilfrid Laurier 3. What did Laurier s famous remark, The twentieth century belongs to Canada. mean? (page 245) That Canada s economy would get big and Canada would become a great nation. 4. List some of the things Laurier did to attract people to come to Canada. (page 246) - Doubled the amount of railway tracks - Advertised for immigrants in far-off countries - Gov t agents went _overseas_ to find interested groups of people - Private companies bought _land_ and sold it to the immigrants - Church groups got _involved_ 5. Who was in charge of immigration in Canada? (page 247) Clifford Sifton_- Member of Parliament from_manitoba

3 6. How did Sifton attract people to Canada with his publicity campaign? (page 247) - Millions of _posters and pamphlets_ were made in many languages. - _Foreign journalists_toured Canada and wrote stories about it when they got home. - The gov t sent speakers around the _world to spread the word about the great Canadian West. 7. What regions did Sifton target most? (page 247) United States Great Britain Eastern Europe 8. Look at the ads on page 248. Name 5 things that might entice a person to move to Canada based on the ads. - good farmland, cheap or free - great climate, warmer and less snow than in the east - ready-made farms - land for cattle - highest wages - railways, easy transportation - fun in the snow! 9. Read The Trap on page 249. What was life actually like for the immigrants who moved to the West? - life was much harder - sod houses leaked when it rained - no money to go back to their homeland 10. Reasons For Emigrating: Push Factors- factors that push people to leave their homelands. (page 251)

4 What were 5 push factors that enticed immigrants to move to Canada? 1) _population growth - not enough land or jobs for everyone in Europe. 2) _religious persecution - Some people were being treated badly in Eastern Europe for their religious beliefs. 3) _political persecution_- Several groups of people were persecuted for their political beliefs. 4) _natural disasters_- Famine can lead people to leave their homes. 5) _affordable travel - Steamships made voyages shorter and cheaper. 11. Reasons for Immigrating to Canada: Pull Factors- Factors that influence people to choose a certain country. (page 251) What were 8 pull factors that influenced people to move to Canada? 1) Free/cheap farmland - everyone could afford land in Western Canada 2) Jobs - West needed shopkeepers, coal miners, teachers and so on. 3) Completed railway - could sell their grain in Eastern markets 4) Better machinery - produced better crops with better farm machinery 5) _Improved farming techniques_- newly developed kinds of wheat were better suited to the prairie climate 6) Growing demand for wheat_- Demand for wheat increased price of wheat 7) Religious and political freedom - people allowed to hold their own beliefs 8) _Friends and family_- people chose to move closer to friends and family who moved 12. Pacifists are people opposed to violence as a means of settling disputes. (page 253) List the 2 groups of pacifists described here: - Doukhobors - Mennonites - Hutterites 13. Read the case study on page 254 about the Hutterites that live near Lethbridge. Describe what a communal lifestyle is.

5 - No _private property - Everyone _owns/shares everything farm equipment, books, toys, bank accounts - Everyone lives together in a small village_. 14. Francophones in the West- contributed to the overall development of the West - Named rivers, lakes, streets, parks, communities with _French names - Farms are _long and _narrow, homes near the _water - based on seigneurial system of New France - Many hospitals and schools named after French Catholic missionaries - Many _businesses started by Francophones- coal mines, banks, businesses 15. Internal Migrants- People who moved from one region to another within one country -attracted to school system- Francophone schools - bilingual courts -Catholic church- attracted French Catholic priests -Francophone newspapers distributed 16. A Pluralistic Society- (page 260) List 10 different ethnic groups that settled in Canada between 1881 and German, Russian, British, French, Italian, Aboriginal, Jewish, Asian, Ukrainian, Dutch, Scandinavian, Polish wheat 17. What became the most important crop in Canada? (page 262)

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