Chapter 1: Racial Intolerance and the Red Scare

Transcription

1 Unit 3 Prosperity, Depression and the New Deal ( ) The Post-World War I period was characterized by economic, social and policcal turmoil. Post-war prosperity brought about changes to American popular culture. However, economic disrupcons growing out the years led to worldwide depression. The United States akempted to deal with the Great Depression through economic programs created by the federal government.

2 Chapter 1: Racial Intolerance and the Red Scare Content Statement: Racial intolerance, anc-immigrant aqtudes and the Red Scare contributed to social unrest arer World War I ExpectaCons for Learning: Describe how racial intolerance, ancimmigrant aqtudes and the Red Scare contributed to social unrest arer World War I.

3 SecCon 1: The Great MigraCon and Violence Towards African-Americans Content ElaboraCon: The Great MigraCon of African- Americans to northern cices heightened racial tensions there and led to a series of urban race riots in Lynchings and the enforcement of Jim Crow legislacon concnued in the South during the postwar era. Racial intolerance also was seen in the revival of the Ku Klux Klan across the United States.

4 The Great MigraCon and Racial Tensions A. The Great Migration 1. Before war, most African-Americans lived in South 2. During war, many migrated north a. escape poverty: get jobs in factories making war items b. escape discrimination 3. Examples a. Cleveland: 300% increase b. Detroit: 600% increase

5 Comparison of African-Americans QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

6 B. Racial Tensions 1. ARer war, whites came home 2. African-Americans moved into their neighborhoods 3. whites jobs taken 4. leads to discriminacon/ violence

7 C. Race Riots and Lynchings 1. Discrimination begins again 2. many bloody race riots in the city 3. thousands of lynchings took place 4. In the South, Jim Crow laws conanued

8 Lynching Lynching is a characteristic of mob rule and was not always done on the basis of race. American history has always been tinged with race and its mobs have used it as a tactic to persecute African- Americans. The Lynching of African-Americans began after the Civil War and in some ways continues to this day.

9 D. The new Ku Klux Klan 1. Formed in the South and West 2. Used terror and violence 3. Hated: a. blacks b. Jews c. Roman Catholics d. all foreigners 4. Violence: a. whipped and killed innocent people b. burned buildings c. seldom went to jail 5. KKK blamed these people for the problems: a. race riots b. lack of jobs 6. The Klan dominated some states and the government

10 SecCon 2: NaCvism Content ElaboraCon: An increase in immigracon to the United States from southern and eastern Europe preceded World War I. NaCvism arer the war was reflected in the passage of immigracon quotas. Intolerance toward immigrants, Catholics and Jews was exhibited by groups such as the Ku Klux Klan.

11 NaCvism Q: What is nacvism? A: Fear of and antagonism toward foreigners B. Americans feared immigrants 1. Take their jobs C. ImmigraCon RestricCon League 1. Had to read in order to get into U.S. D. NaConal Origins Act of 1924: reduced the amount of immigrants allowed in the United States 1. Reduced quotas 2. Only 150,000 immigrants per year 3. Barred Chinese, Japanese, and Asians

12 SecCon 3: The Red Scare Content ElaboraCon: The success of the Bolshevik RevoluCon in Russia followed by post-war labor strikes and a series of bombs sent to public and business officials in the United States scrred fears of revolucon among Americans. The Red Scare of was a reaccon to these perceived threats and led to the incarceracon and deportacon of many aliens.

13 Postwar ReacCon ****The end of war did NOT bring peace to Europe. Europe was torn apart and had many problems. People revolted against their governments ***In the U.S. the end of the war led to fear of foreigners and radicals. ***The end of the war saw a large amount of labor strikes. Many immigrants lost their factory jobs immediately after the war.

14 The Red Scare 1. The Red Scare A. Bolshevik Revolution in Russia led to fear it may happen in U.S. B. Factories that war supplies closed = immigrants out of work = labor unrest = people saw these people as violent radicals and threats C. Fear of communism, political violence, and labor unrest known as THE RED SCARE

15 ! International Workers of the World (IWW) A. IWW = labor union B. IWW = influenced by Socialist Party (Communism) C. IWW = objected WWI and dodged drar D. SeaKle, Washington--shipyard strike led to many other strikes in the city E. U.S. AKorney General A. Mitchell Palmer blames IWW F. He tries, convicts and deports many leaders of the IWW G. Most had done nothing wrong H. Palmer also deports many other radicals across U.S., even if they did nothing wrong.

16 Sacco and VanzeQ Italian immigrants accused, tried, and killed for a crime they probably did not commit.

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18 OGT MulCple Choice Communists were also known as A. Blues B. Grays C. Yellows D. Reds

19 OGT MulCple Choice (PracCce Test Booklet, 2005) Which of the following statements most accurately describes the main reason for the African-American migracon of the 1920 s? A. The migracon went from south to north to take advantage of the north s climate B. The migracon went from south to north because of job opportunices in the northern factories C. The migracon went from north to south to take advantage of the south s climate D. The migracon went from north to south because of job opportunices in the south

20 OGT MulCple Choice The National Origins Act of 1924 A. required that all immigrants be able to read B. required that all immigrants be able to speak English C. raised immigration quotas D. reduced immigration quotas

21 OGT MulCple Choice (PracCce Test Booklet, 2005) During the Red Scare in the United States arer World War I, all of the following happened to immigrants EXCEPT A. more than 500 were deported without being charged of crimes B. immigracon laws were passed permiqng a larger number of immigrants to enter the country C. two immigrants, Sacco and VanzeQ, were put to death on quesconable charges D. immigracon laws were passed restriccng the number of immigrants entering the country

22 OGT Short Answer Analyze two instances in which the rights of individuals were restricted for immigrants during the Red Scare. (2 points)