major shifts in public opinion + outbreak of nativism = Restrictive Policy

Transcription

1

2 major shifts in public opinion + outbreak of nativism = Restrictive Policy

3 Tichenor, Table 2.2, p. 19

4 Strange Bedfellows Alien Admissions Should be Expanded Restricted Alien Rights should be Expansive Restrictive Cosmopolitans Free Market Expansionists Nationalist Egalitarians Classic Exclusionists

5 Ben Franklin - Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a Colony of Aliens, who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of our Anglifying them, and will never adopt our Language or Customs, any more than they can acquire our Complexion

6 How did the Constitution shape immigration policy and politics?

7 Path Dependence

8 Alien and Sedition Acts

9 Immigration

10

11

12 Foreign Conspiracy, 1841 Popery is opposed in its very nature to Democratic Republicanism the effects of this society are already apparent in the otherwise unaccountable increase of Roman Catholic cathedrals, churches, colleges, convents, nunneries, &c., in every part of the country; in the sudden increase of Catholic emigration; in the increased clanishness of the Roman Catholics, and the boldness with which their leaders are experimenting on the character of the American people. attempt has been made to organize a military corps of Irishmen in New- York Samuel Morse, 1848

13 "Riot at Hoboken, May 1, 1851." Germans vs. a nativist gang from New York called the "Short Boys."

14

15 Puck: April 28, 1880 "Welcome to All!"

16 Whig Presidential Campaign of 1844 James Polk (Democrat) Henry Clay (Whig)

17 Presidential election results map. Blue denotes states won by Polk/Dallas,Orange denotes those won by Clay/Frelinghuysen. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state. st 1,339k Polk v. 1,300k Clay Polk wins NY by 5,100 votes Clay - manufacture of American citizens out of foreign emigrants as a great evil. How is it that so vital a point as the ballot box was not constitutionally surrounded with double guards.

18

19 Our country, our whole country, and nothing but our country

20

21 Know-Nothing Party

22 Nativist ideal of the Know Nothing party

23 Rise and Fall of American Party d 34th 35th 36th 37th 38th Senators House

24 Republican policy on immigration after the civil war

25 Homestead Act 160 acres of land free to citizens and ALIENS who work it for 5 years

26 (Pic courtesy NYPL) Gangs of New York - Election Day nd disc

27 Black River Canal workers.

28 Irish Workers on Central Pacific Railroad

29

30 Castle Garden

31

32 Castle Garden

33 "Castle Garden, Puck 1882

34 HayMarket Square Bombing

35 Ellis Island

36 Knights of Labor

37 The Unrestricted Dumping Ground

38 Thomas Nast, May 8, 1875

39

40

41 The Pope s Dream pontiff dreams of presiding over "A Catholic America" that values "The Church First -- The Country Afterwards."

42 Uncle Sam s Lodging House "Look here, you, everybody else is quiet and peaceable, and you're all the time a-kicking up a row!" From the editorial in Puck The raw Irishman in America is a nuisance, his son a curse. They never assimilate; the second generation simply shows an intensification of all the bad qualities of the first....they are a burden and a misery to this country."

43 tice of free political institutions. The f

44 Irish Declaration of Independence, May 9, 1883 Note the depiction of Irish women

45 "Our Self-made 'Cooks'--From Paupers to Potentates."

46 "American Gold. United States--working for it. Ireland--waiting for it. Puck May 24, 1882

47 "The Mortar of Assimilation--And the One Element that Won't Mix"

48 "Looking Backward, January 11, 1893

49

50 Judge

51 APA Oath William McKinley (GOP presidential candidate, 1896) McKinley True patriot believes in America for Americans, native and naturalized. I hereby denounce Roman Catholicism. I hereby denounce the Pope, sitting at Rome or elsewhere. I denounce his priests and emissaries and the diabolical work of the Roman Catholic church, and hereby pledge myself to the cause of Protestantism to the end that there may be no interference with the discharge of the duties of citizenship, and I solemnly bind myself to protect at all times, and with all the means in my power, the good name of the order and its members, so help me God. Amen.

52 AMERICAN CITIZEN: "What weight can my vote have against this flood of ignorance, stupidity and fraud?"

53 EMIGRANT.--Can I come in? UNCLE SAM.--I 'spose you can; there's no law to keep you out.

54 The Ram's Horn, 25 April 1896 DURING four hundred and more years this continent has been the melting pot for the population of the Eastern hemisphere. For three-fourths of that time the yearly infusions of raw metal was so slight that it was not hard to compound them with the native stock and preserve the high character of American citizenship. But when alien immigration pours its stream of half a million yearly, as has been frequently done during the last decade, and when that stream is polluted with the moral sewage of the old world, including its poverty, drunkenness, infidelity and disease, it is well to put up the bars and save America, at least until she can purify the atmosphere of contagion which foreign invasion has already brought.

55

56 Francis Walker, MIT President

57