Lecture: Going West. Learning Target 1: I can describe why people wanted to move west.

Transcription

1 Lecture: Going West Learning Target 1: I can describe why people wanted to move west. Learning Target 2: I can describe the two conflicts with Mexico.

2 I-Expansion to the Pacific A-Manifest Destiny: Belief that the U.S. Should control all land from Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean B-Mexico gains independence from Spain in the following were part of Mexico at the time A) Texas B) California C) Arizona D) New Mexico E) Nevada F) Utah G) Part of Colorado

3 I-Expansion to the Pacific C-U.S. and Great Britain settle the northern boundary dispute between Canada and the U.S. from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific 1-Convention of 1818 set the boundary at the 49 th Parallel from Lake of the Woods to The Rocky Mountains 2-Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) A) dispute over boundary between Maine and Canada B) problems caused by shipping problems 1) British suppressed slave trade 2) Canadians burned American ship 3) settled border disputed in Great Lakes 4) created cooperation between US and Britain in curbing slave trade

4 I-Expansion to the Pacific 3-Many Americans wanted the remainder to be at the parallel A) Famous slogan: or fight 4-Settlement was reached in 1846: 49 Parallel was established to the Pacific Ocean (with an exception at the very end) 5-Settlement includes what is now A) Washington B) Oregon C) Idaho

5 I-Expansion to the Pacific

6 I-Expansion to the Pacific D-Movement into the west by settlers 1-First inhabitants: Native Americans A) Many were moved here by treaty with the U.S. government B) Others were pushed west by settlers C) Problem: Many conflicts with those moving in and those already there

7 I-Expansion to the Pacific D-Movement into the west by settlers 2-First non-native people: Fur trappers and Mountain Men A) Grizzly Adams type B) Relied on self-sufficiency C-had a gathering once a year called rendez-vous

8 I-Expansion to the Pacific 3-by 1840, more permanent settlers moved into the area A) used various established trails 1) Oregon Trail 2) Santa Fe Trail 3) Mormon Trail 4) Many others

9 I-Expansion to the Pacific

10 I-Expansion to the Pacific B) Travelled in Wagon Trains

11 I-Expansion to the Pacific C) Problems 1) Threat of attacks by Native Americans (very rare at first, but became more prevalent in the late 1800 s 2) Land very dry between Mississippi River and mountains 3) Mountains 4) Weather, especially the snow in the mountains (Donnor Party)

12 II-Conflict with Mexico A-Problems in Texas 1-began when Americans moved to Texas A) Mexico invited them to move in B) Why: More population 2-Americans used to democracy and Mexico was not completely democratic 3-Cultures began to clash A) Political B) Religious (Protestant vs. Catholic) C) Slavery (Mexico had already outlawed it) D) Mexico believed Americans wanted to bring Texas into U.S.

13 II-Conflict with Mexico B-War for Texan Independence : Gen. Antonio de Santa Anna became Mexican ruler 2-Santa Anna sent troops to solidify Mexico s hold on Texas A) Americans did not like this 3-Nov. 1835: Meeting of all American settlements to discuss Texas independence

14 II-Conflict with Mexico 4-March 1836: Battle of the Alamo A) 200 American men vs Mexican troops B) Battle lasted 12 days! C) women and children were allowed to leave before the battle took place D) Americans eventually lost---all 200 killed 1) Among the dead: Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie

15 II-Conflict with Mexico 4-March 1836: Battle of the Alamo E) Battle Cry: Remember the Alamo! F) American Volunteers swarmed to help Texas G) April 1836: Sam Houston captures Santa Anna H) While captured, Santa Anna signs a treaty giving Texas independence and settles boundaries between Texas and Mexico I) New Nation: Lone Star Republic

16 II-Conflict with Mexico

17 II-Conflict with Mexico C-Lone Star Republic 1-first president: Sam Houston 2-First election called for Texas to be annexed to the U.S.A A) only 61 of 6000 voters objected to being annexed 3-President Andrew Jackson saw this as possible war between U.S. and Mexico A) Jackson & U.S. reject proposal to annex Texas 4-Possible problem: If Texas is admitted, the balance of power between North and South would be tipped in Southfavor 5-Texas becomes a state in 1845

18 II-Conflict with Mexico D-By 1845, U.S. want to buy California from Mexico--- Mexico says NO! : President James K. Polk decided to use other means get California A) Started an internal revolt like in Texas 2-Boarder conflict between Texas and Mexico starts war 3-Revolters in California join in and are successful A) Revolters claim Californian independence B) Call their country the Bear Flag Republic 4-Mexicans were confident they could beat American A) Americans massacre Mexico and capture land all the way to Mexico City

19 II-Conflict with Mexico : Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ends the war A) U.S. gets 1) California 2) New Mexico 3) Arizona 4) sets the boundary between Texas and Mexico at Rio Grande River Gadsen Purchase: U.S. buys a strip of land in what is now Arizona and New Mexico

20 III-Gold! A-1848: Gold discovered at Sutter s Mill in California

21 III-Gold! B-1849: People for all over the world flock to California to get rich quick (49ers) 1-Problems A) few actually became rich B) not used to the terrain C) not well prepared D) many died in route to California E) Many lied in letters home 1) told of the riches they found (very few) 2) made up names where people died when they died in the wilderness 3) Caused many more people to come to California

22 III-Gold! 2-Those who made a lot of money did so in business A) Levi Strauss: Tents and jeans B) Saloon owners C) Shop keepers, especially mining suppliers C-1850: California becomes a state because so many people migrated there for gold

23 III-Gold!