U.S. History EOC Practice Test #1

Transcription

1 1. The sweeping legislative agenda that Franklin Roosevelt proposed to aid Americans during the Depression was called: The Fair Deal The New Deal The Square Deal The Great Society 2. Which of the following was most responsible for the rising population trends between 1870 and 1910? Growth of commercial centers Improvements in agrarian techniques African American migration north Increased industrialization 3. Book 1- The Grapes of Wrath, a 1930 novel dramatized the Dust Bowl Book 2- The Jungle, a 1906 novel about the exploitation of the meat packing industry Book 3- The Great Gatsby, a 1925 novel dealing with the new American lifestyle of the Roaring Twenties Book 4- The Sound and the Fury, a 1929 novel illustrating life in the rural south Of the above books, which would have been written by a muckraker (journalists who exposed the business practices of monopolies and corporations)? Book 1 Book 2 Book 3 Book 4 4. Which of the following states would be considered in the Great Plains? New York Indiana Kansas California 5. Alexander Graham Bell invented the: Phonograph Telegraph Incandescent light bulb Telephone 1

2 6. The first slaves introduced to the American colonies arrived in 1619 in the colony of: Georgia Kentucky Virginia South Carolina 7. In October 1929, the economy of the U.S. took a drastic downturn. In one day, the value of stocks held by American investors fell from $87 billion to $55 billion. The immediate cause of this loss was: Widespread unemployment Bank failures Great crash of the stock market The Great Depression 8. All of the following are true of the Battle of Britain EXCEPT: Nazi planes bombed major cities in England The Nazis were very successful at killing many British civilians The British used early RADAR to detect incoming attacks The British held on and won the long battle 9. Which of the following is NOT an important patriot from Virginia? George Washington Thomas Jefferson Alexander Hamilton James Madison 10. All of the following are true of the Democratic-Republican party EXCEPT: It was founded in opposition to the Federalist Party It was led by Thomas Jefferson It was the party of Abraham Lincoln It was supported by the common farmers of the South and West 2

3 11. Letter "D" on the map shows: The Gadsden Purchase The Original United States The Louisiana Purchase The annexation of Texas 12. All of the following were Cold War responses to Soviet aggression EXCEPT: The Berlin Airlift The formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization The Truman Doctrine The dropping of the atomic bomb 13. After the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor, the U.S. removed Japanese Americans to which of the following? Concentration Camps Work Camps Hawaiian Islands Internment Camps 14. Which of the following was the largest and most active group of colonists who supported independence from Britain? The Sons of Liberty The Iroquois Nation The Tories The Federalists 15. "Give me liberty, or give me death!" was stated by: Patrick Henry Samuel Adams Thomas Paine John Jay 3

4 16. After the Boston Tea Party, the British closed Boston harbor with which of the following Acts of Parliament? The Navigation Acts The Proclamation of 1763 The Townshend Act The Intolerable Acts 17. A major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was the: High federal taxes Lack of a strong executive power The repression of a strong central government Excessive presidential powers 18. Which of the following guarantees equal rights to all citizens and was ratified as a condition to end reconstruction? 13th Amendment 14th Amendment 15th Amendment 18th Amendment 19. The famous colonial patriot who authored the convincing pro-independence pamphlet, Common Sense was: Patrick Henry Samuel Adams Thomas Paine John Jay 20. All of the following were major events of the civil rights movement EXCEPT: Montgomery Bus Boycott March to Selma "I Have a Dream" Seneca Falls Convention 4

5 21. "Throughout the 19th and 20th century, immigrants came to the U.S. for one primary reason. From the Irish immigrants who poured into the industrial north in the mid-19th century to the eastern Europeans of the early 20th century and the Mexican and Latin American immigrants of the late 20th century, the American Dream has been the primary motivation." This passage explains the primary motivation for immigration as: The California Gold Rush Economic opportunity Free education Freedom of speech 22. Which of the following actions of Thomas Jefferson represented a vast departure from his philosophy of strict construction? He wrote the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom Opposition to the First Bank of the United States Support for states rights under the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions The Louisiana Purchase 23. MAJOR LEGISLATION OF THE GREAT SOCIETY: Economic Opportunity Act (1964)- To inaugurate the war on poverty programs Medicare Act (1965)- provide government medical care for the elderly Higher Education Act (1965)- provide grants for student loans and university construction Based on this legislation, it is fair to conclude that the Great Society: Attempted to expand the scope of government social programs Introduced new regulations on business Reduced the size of the federal government Reversed many of the programs of the New Deal 24. "The only trouble about this town is that it is too large. You cannot accomplish anything in the way of business, you cannot even pay a friendly call, without wasting a whole day to it." -Mark Twain, complaining about New York City, 1867 Which of the following innovations did the most to rectify Twain s complaint? The telephone The phonograph The telegraph The lightning rod 5

6 25. Which of the following legislative acts did the most to increase voting among African Americans? 14th Amendment 15th Amendment Civil Rights Act of 1964 Voting Rights Act of In contrast to early settlers in Virginia and many other parts of North America who came seeking financial gain, the earliest settlers in Massachusetts came from Britain seeking- Religious purity Profitable trade with Spain Advance in manufacturing Cleaner air 27. Which of the following was LEAST important in the construction of the Panama Canal? Lower cost transportation of goods from the east coast to the west coast Greater naval mobility Easier trade between China and the East Coast Profits from canal construction 28. What was the major contributor which caused the Dust Bowl of the 1930 s? Sustained drought The Great Depression Abandonment of farms Over-farming during WW1 29. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff, which was the largest tariff in American History, had what effect on the economy of the 1930 s? It helped, as more people bought American products It hurt, as other nations retaliated by refusing to buy American products It stayed the same 30. The Nullification Crisis was precipitated by disagreement between the Congress and the state of South Carolina on the: National Tariff Gold Standard Size of the U.S. Army Issue of slavery 6

7 31. Aims of the Great Society: 1. Eradicate racial injustice 2. Share abundance 3. Overcome disease 4. Dispel ignorance The Civil Rights of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 are examples Great Society legislation addressing: Aim 1 Aim 2 Aim 3 Aim Which of the following events led most directly to the U.S. involvement in World War 2? German invasion of Czechoslovakia Cuban Missile Crisis Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand 33. "A policy of isolation did well enough when we were an embryo nation. But today, things are different We are 65 million people, the most advanced and powerful on earth, and regard to our future welfare demands an abandonment of the doctrines of isolation." - Senator Orville Platte, 1893 Platt s words advocate: American Isolationism American Progressivism American Imperialism American Reconstruction 34. The tradition of serving as president for no more than two full terms was first established by: George Washington Thomas Jefferson James Madison Andrew Jackson 35. The developments in literature, art and music in the 1920 s brought about in the African- American community are collectively known as: The Harlem Renaissance The Transcendentalist movement The Hudson River School The Beatniks 7

8 36. The Principle of popular sovereignty was enacted by which of these legislative agreements? The Missouri Compromise The annexation of Texas The Kansas-Nebraska Act The Fugitive Slave Act 37. Which of the following Constitutional Amendments illustrated the success of the suffrage campaign? 4th Amendment; protection from unreasonable searches 17th Amendment; the direct election of Senators 19th Amendment; enfranchising women 21st Amendment; repeal of prohibition 38. Which of the following best describes U.S. involvement in the Korean War? The policy of détente The policy of imperialism The policy of containment The policy of massive retaliation 39. Henry Ford s innovation of the assembly line allowed most Americans to afford a private automobile. Which of the following industries has expanded MOST because of automobile proliferation? Forestry Communications Petroleum processing and refining Publishing 40. Who is known to have said, "I have a list of known communists " Alger Hiss John Kennedy Joseph McCarthy Ronald Reagan 41. Which of the following events was a turning point in the Pacific theater of World War II? Invasion of Normandy Battle of Midway Battle of San Juan Hill Battle of New Orleans 8

9 42. The Supreme Court s decision in McCulloch v. Maryland established that: The Supreme Court could declare laws unconstitutional States have the right to nullify federal laws they dislike Federal legislation is supreme All prisoners must be read their rights 43. Which Supreme Court Case established the power of the courts to declare a law unconstitutional? Marbury v. Madison McCulloch v. Maryland Dred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson 44. Which of Wilson s Fourteen Points, controversial in the United States, ultimately failed to pass the U.S. Senate? Freedom of the Seas Reduction of arms Self-determination of nations The League of Nations 45. Which Virginian is known as the "Father of the Constitution"? Patrick Henry Thomas Jefferson James Madison George Washington 46. Movement of employees to the suburbs after World War II was largely a result of the popularization of: Computers Automobiles Telephones Airplanes 47. Lewis and Clark, whom Thomas Jefferson commissioned to explore and map the Louisiana Purchase, were assisted in their expedition by which of the following Native Americans? Geronimo Pocahontas Sacajewea Squanto 9

10 48. Which American was most important in convincing France to join the American quest for independence from Britain? Ben Franklin Thomas Paine Thomas Jefferson George Washington 49. Which of the following foreign policy statements declared that the U.S. would not tolerate European interference in the affairs of the Americas? Monroe Doctrine Tariff of Abominations Good Neighbor Policy Open Door Policy 50. Which of the following is the best evaluation of World War II s effects on job opportunities for women in the U.S.? Very little change A severe limitation A vast expansion Expansion, but only in the armed forces 51. Which of these colonial American documents outlines the "inalienable rights" of "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"? Common Sense Declaration of Independence The Constitution Federalist Papers 52. Migration within the United States from rural areas to urban areas was MAINLY the result of which of the following? Foreign immigration Increased urban crime Increased industrialization Reduced soil quality 10

11 53. Between 1870 and 1910, American immigration could be described as: The number of European immigrants to the U.S. decreased The number of European immigrants to the U.S. fluctuated (went up and down) The number of Northern European immigrants increased The number of European immigrants to the U.S. increased dramatically 54. What has happened to American oil consumption in the 20th century? It increased steadily It decreased steadily It stayed the same It fluctuated (went drastically up and down) 55. To address concerns that the Constitution failed to safeguard individual liberties, supporters of the Constitution promised the passage of: the Articles of Confederation the Bill of Rights the 14th Amendment the 19th Amendment 56. Which of the following military conflicts was the occasion for the War Powers Act to be passed? World War 1 World War 2 Civil War Vietnam War 57. Which letter on the map displays the area that was divided into California and provided for popular sovereignty in the remaining territory under the Compromise of 1850? A B D E 11

12 58. Which TWO presidents are most closely associated with the Progressive Movement? Theodore Roosevelt and William McKinley Wiilliam Taft and Woodrow Wilson Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt 59. Which of the following was a RESULT of the civil rights movement? The election of John F. Kennedy The 24th amendment, eliminating the Poll Tax The end of the KKK The 26th amendment which gave 18 year olds the right to vote 60. World War 1 saw the introduction of all of the following dangerous new weapons EXCEPT: Machine guns Nuclear submarines Fighter planes Poison gas 61. Which of the following statements about the separation of powers is FALSE? The legislative branch makes the laws The executive branch decides if laws are constitutional The judicial branch interprets the laws All of the above are true 62. Which of the following would most likely have contributed to job reductions in the U.S. automotive industry? Increased American use of public transportation Decreased demand for automobiles in the U.S. Increased use of computers and robots in automobile manufacturing Increased availability of jobs in other industries 63. What geographic feature would have prevented the early English colonizers from moving further west, to the interior of North America? Mississippi River Appalachian Mountains Rocky Mountains Great Plains 12