CHRONOLOGY. Struggle for Freedom by RK Majumdar Zinat u'n-nisa builds the Zinatu'l Mosque in Delhi (p. 1034)

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1 CHRONOLOGY Struggle for Freedom by RK Majumdar 1711 Zinat u'n-nisa builds the Zinatu'l Mosque in Delhi (p. 1034) 1723 Katra Masjid built at Murshidabad (p. 1037) Qudsiya Begam builds the Sunhari Mosque (p. 1034) Shuja-ud-Daula builds the tomb of Safdar Jang at Delhi (p. 1034) Golden Temple of Amritsar built (p. 1038) Asaf-ud-Daula builds the great Imambara at Lakhnau (Lucknow) (p. 1036) St. John's Church built at Calcutta (p. 1043) The Government House at Calcutta built (p. 1043) Beginning of the jute industry in India (p. 815) Suez Canal opened (p. 861) October 2 Birth of M. K. Gandhi (pp. 224, 938) Birth of Sir Muhammad Iqbal (p. 973) Education Commission appointed (p. 895) Birth of K. M. Munshi (p. 936) Indian National Social Conference founded (p. 992).

2 1891 Proposal to transfer Lushai Hills and Chittagong Divisions from Bengal to Assam (p. 17) Birth of Gaurishankar Joshi Dhumaketu' (p. 936) Mrs. Besant arrives in India (p. 249) August The Central National Muslims' Association submits a memorial for the due representation of Muslims in the Viceroy's Legislative Council (p. 148) Sir William Ward proposes the transfer of Chittagong Division and the Districts of Dacca and Mymensingh to Assam (p. 17) Shyamji Krishtavarma settles in London (p. 295) Prarthana Samiij of Bombay starts a Depressed Class Mission (p. 1001) Madam Bhikhaji Rustom K. R. Cama leaves India and settles in Paris (p. 206) Swami Sraddhanand starts the Gurukul Kangri at Hardwar (p. 885) Act passed empowering the Universities to appoint professors and lecturers (pp: 880; 889) February 18 Shyamji Krishnavarma founds the 'India Home Rule Society' in London (p. 205) May The Standard of London publishes the news that the Secretary 6f State had agreed to the proposal of partition 1905 July 4 Anti-partition memorial signed by 50,000 persons (p. 20) July 16 Adoption of a resolution to boycott British goods at a meeting in Bagerhat (p. 27).

3 1905 July 20 Publication of Government Resolution on Partition of Bengal August 7 Adoption of Resolution on Boycott and Swadeshi at a meeting in Town Hall, Calcutta (p. 28), 1905 October 16 Partition of Bengal comes into force (p. 31) Foundation stone of the Victoria Memorial Hall (Calcutta) laid (p. 1045) October The Arundel Committee submits its report on political reforms to Lord Minto (p. 126) October 1 Lord Minto receives the Muslim deputation headed by Aga Khan (pp , 147) December 31 Muslim League formed at Dacca (p. 150) March 4 March Hindu Muslim riot at Comilla (p. 55) April Arabinda writes seven articles on Passive Resistance (p. 74) May 9 Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh deported (p. 118) 1907 May 11 Ordinance restricting the right of holding public meeting passed (p. 107) August 28 The Council of India Act passed (p. 132) December Indian Decentralization Committee appointed (p. 793) April 30 Khudiram Bose executed (p. 199) May 2 Muraripukur Garden house (Calcutta) searched (p. 199) June 8 Newspapers (Incitement to Offences) Act passed June 8 Explosives Substances Act passed (p. 109).

4 1908 June 29 Tilak's trial begins at Bombay (p. 116) July 22 Tilak sentenced to six years' transportation (p. 116) October 1 Government of India's despatch for Reform proposals sent to the Secretary of State (p. 130) December Aswini Kumar Datta and eight others deported (p. 119) December 11 Criminal Law (Amendment) Act passed (p. 109) Hindu Conference held at Lahore under the presidentship of Sir Prafulchandra Chatterji (p. 987) Depressed Class Mission Society of Madras started (p. 1001) February 23 Morley introduces the Indian Reforms Bill in the House of Lords (p. 132) May 21 Indian Councils Act passed (p. 134) 1909 July 1 Madan Lal Dhingra shoots dead Curzon Wyllie in London (pp. 206, 230) 1910 Hindu-Muslim Riot at Peshawar (p. 159) 1910 Department.of Education under a separate member of the Viceroy s Executive Council established (p. 880) 1910 Arabinda retires to Pondicherry (p. 976) January 25 Minto inaugurates the Imperial Legislative Council (p. 125) 1910 A Press Act passed (p. 1024) 1910 February 9 Nine State prisoners released (p. 119)

5 1910 May 6 Death.of Edward VII and accession of George VI (p. 168) 1910 June 22 Coronation.of George V (p. 168) 1910 August Seditious Meetings Act renewed (p. 108) 1911 High Court Act passed (p. 796) 1911 Tata Iran and Steel Company starts production (p. 854) 1911 Factory Act improves the condition of women and children working in a factory (p. 1014) 1911 The weekly Comrade started in Calcutta (p. 1020) 1911 Ramananda Chatterji starts the Modern Review (p. 1021) 1911 July Indian Institute.of Science, Bangalore, starts functioning (p. 886) 1911 December 12 Coronation Durbar at Delhi (pp. 41, ) December 23 Bomb thrown at Lard Hardinge (p. 5) 1912 Province.of Delhi created by a proclamation Islington Commission appointed to consider the organization of the Civil Service in India (p. 795) 1912 March 25 An Act passed by the Government.of India to effect administrative changes (p. 167) 1912 June 1 Abul Kalam Azad publishes the Al Hilal (Urdu) (p. 1023) 1912 November 14 Legislative Assembly for Assam created (p. 167) 1912 December 23 Bomb hurled at Lord Hardinge as he was making his State entry into Delhi (p. 169)

6 1913 Indian Criminal Law Amendment Act passed (p. 189) 1913 Government.of India passes a resolution an educational policy (p. 880) 1913 Death of Ravi Varman (p. 964) 1913 Pherazeshah Mehta starts the Bombay Chronicle (p. 1020) 1913 Ganesh Sankar Vidyarthi publishes the Pratap (p. 1021) 1913 Associated Press.of India amalgamated with Reuters (p. 1031) 1913 March 14 A judgment of the South African Supreme Court made all unregistered marriages illegal and Gandhi began his satyagraha. (p. 295) 1913 March 22 New Constitution adopted by the Muslim League at its annual session at Lakhnau (p. 239) 1913 November 1 Ghadar organization finally constituted at San Francisco (p. 208) 1913 November 19 Legislative Assembly for Central Provinces created (p. 167) Forest Research Institute and College.opened at Dehra Dun (p. 886) 1914 Government Commercial Institute, Calcutta, and Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics, Bombay, founded (p. 892) 1914 Snehalata burns herself to death in protest against the dowry system (p. 997) 1914 June 16 Tilak released (p. 244) 1914 June 30 Gandhi and Smuts arrive at an agreement (p. 296)

7 1914 July 14 Mrs. Besant publishes the New India (p. 2501) 1914 August 4 Outbreak of the first World War (pp. 5, 170) 1914 September 3 Deutscher Verein der Freunde Indian (The German Union of Friendly India) farmed (p. 213) 1914 September 29 Kamagata Maru arrives at Budge-Budge (p. 227) 1914 November 5 England declares war against Turkey (p. 179) 1915 Indian Independence Committee farmed in Germany (p. 214) 1915 Patna High Court established (p. 796) 1915 January Gandhi arrives in India (p. 299) 1915 January Krupp ships 8000 rifles and 4,000,000 cart ridge to San Diego intended far India. (p. 216) February Muslim students from Lahore, Peshawar and Kahat join the Mujahidins and go to Kabul (p. 222) 1915 February 15 Mutiny of the Fifth Light Infantry in Singapore (p. 218) 1915 February 19 Death of Gokhale (p. 245) 1915 June Rash-behari Base flees to Japan (p. 683) September 25 Mrs Besant announces the formation of the Home Rule League (p. 249) 1915 September 29 General Nixon occupies Kut-el Amara (p. 178) October 2 Indo-German Diplomatic Mission led by Raja Mahendra Pratap reaches Kabul (p. 221,)

8 1915 November Death of Pherozshah Mehta (p. 246) 1915 December 1 A Provisional Government of India established in Kabul (p. 221) December 3 General Townshend reaches Kut (p. 179) 1916 Internment of Muhammad 'Ali and Shaukat 'Ali (p. 6) 1916 Ghadar Movement (pp. 6, 206) Sadler Commission appointed (pp. 8, 881) 1916 Indian Institute of Philosophy established at Amalner (p. 287) 1916 Benares Hindu University established (p. 882) 1916 D. K. Karve founds the S.N.D.T. Women's University in Bombay (p. 884) 1916 Industrial Commission appointed (p. 857) 1916 February The War Office in Britain took charge of the Kut expedition (p. 179) February Berlin Committee sends Chandra K. Chakravarty to organize work in the U. S. A. (p. 216) 1916 April 28 Tilak establishes the Indian Home Rule League (p. 251) June 20 Women's University opened at Poona (pp. 8; 996) 1916 September Nineteen Indian members of the Legislative Council submit a joint memorandum for re forms (p. 243) 1916 September Home Rule League formally inaugurated by Mrs. Besant (p. 250)

9 1917 April 18 Gandhi tried for Champaran satyiigraha (p. 300) 1917 June 15 Mrs. Besant interned by the Madras Government (p. 254) June 24 Sir Subramaniya Aiyar writes to President Wilson (p. 258) 1917 July 6 Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona, inaugurated to commemorate the 80th birthday of Sir Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandakar (p. 887) July Sir Austen Chamberlain resigns and is succeeded by Montagu as Secretary of State for India (p. 264) August 20 Montagu announces granting of responsible government (pp. 255, 1003) 1917 November 30 Sir J.C. Bose founds the Bose Research Institute (p. 886) 1917 September 30 Hindu-Muslim riot at Shahabad (Bihar), (p. 159) 1917 November The Round Table Group presents their scheme to Montagu and Chelmsford (p. 273) November 20 Trial of the Indians begins in San Francisco (p. 217) 1917 December 10 Rowlatt (Sedition) Committee appointed (p. 292) 1918 Indians become eligible to hold the King's Commission (p. 798) 1918 A major famine (p. 833) 1918 Beginning of trade union movement in India (p. 860) 1918 Death of Phakir-mohan Senapati (born, 1843) (p. 929)

10 1918 Sachchidananda Sinha and the Maharaja of Darbhanga start the Searchlight at Patna (p. 1020) 1918 March The first all-india Depressed Classes Conference held (p. 1003) 1918 March 27 Tilak, Khaparde, Karandikar, Kelkar and B. C. Pal leave Bombay for England but sent back from Colombo (p. 288,) 1918 April Rowlatt (Sedition) Committee submits its reo port (p. 293) 1918 July 8 Montagu-Chelmsford Report published (p. 274) 1919 Lahore High Court established (p. 796) 1919 Gandhiji takes over the Young India (p. 1020) 1919 Gandhiji takes over the Navajivan (Gujarati) (p. 1024) February 6 Government introduces the Rowlatt Bills (p. 301) 1919 April 6 All-India hartal over the Rowlatt Bills (p. 302) 1919 April 9 Dr. Satyapal and Dr. Kitchlew deported and trouble begins at Amritsar (p. 305) 1919 April 10 Firing at Lahore (p. 304) 1919 April 13 Dyer passes the curfew order; Amritsar Massacre (p April Martial Law proclaimed in Amritsar and five districts in the Punjab (p. 306) 1919 May 5 Beginning of third Afghan War (p. 811) May 28 Amir Amanullah of Afghanistan asks for armistice (p. 811)

11 1919 August 8 Treaty of peace signed with Afghanistan at Rawalpindi (p. 811) October The official (Hunter) Committee of Inquiry into Punjab massacre begins its work (p December 5 House of Commons passes The Government of India Bill (p. 320) December 18 House of Lords passes The Government of India Bill (p. 320) 1919 December 23 The Government of India Act receives the Royal assent (p. 320) A major famine (p. 833) 1920 First meeting of the All India Trade Union Congress held (p. 860) 1920 Aligarh Muslim University established (p. 882) 1920 Central Advisory Board of Education formed, (p. 888) 1920 May 28 Hunter Committee Report published (p. 313) 1920 May 28 The Central Khilafat Committee in a public meeting at Bombay adopts non-co-operation resolution (p. 331) 1920 August 1 Death of Tilak (p. 332) 1920 August 1 The Khilafat Committee organizes an all-india hm'tiil under tile guidance of Gandhi (p. 332) 1920 October Esher Committee Report published (p. 800)

12 1920 November 1921 Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee formed (p. 990) M. N. Roy attempts to organize a Communist Party in India (p. 421) 1921 Shea Committee appointed to prepare a scheme for the complete Indianization of the officers in the Indian army (p. 798) Death of Subramania Bharati (born 1882) (p. 946) Construction of the Victoria Memorial Hall (Calcutta) completed except for the four corner cupolas which were put up in 1934 (p. 1045) 1921 January 1 New reforms under The Government of India Act, 1919, come into operation (p. 320) 1921 January 10 Duke of Connaught lands at Madras (p. 37(}) February 17 The Legislative Assembly rejects the main recommendations of the Esher Report (p. 801) April 1 Madras Legislative Assembly passes a resolution enfranchising women (p. 384) July 28 All India Congress Committee meeting at Bombay decides to boycott the visit of Prince of Wales (p. 343) 1921 August Moplah rebellion (pp. 360, 981) November 17 Prince of Wales lands at Bombay; the city ob serves complete hartal along with the rest of India (pp ) 1921 November 19 Seventy Moplah prisoners die of asphyxiation (p. 361) November 22 Treaty of peace signed at Kabul (p. 814).

13 1922 Press Act repealed (p. 1024) 1922 February 1 Gandhi writes to the Viceroy his decision to start civil disobedience (p. 349) 1922 February 2 Hari Singh Gaur's Civil Marriage Bill defeated (p. 995) 1922 February 5 The incident at Chauri Chaura (pp. 350, 358) February Working Committee of the Congress meets at Bardoli and endorses Gandhi's decision to stop the Civil Disobedience Movement (p. 350) 1922 March 9 Montagu resigns (p. 373) 1922 May 6 Visvabharati University started by Rabindranath Tagore (p. 883) 1922 August 2 Lloyd George delivers the 'steel frame' speech (p. 375) 1923 Surendra-nath Banerji amends the Calcutta Municipal Act (p. 385) 1923 Four and half lakhs of Malkana Rajputs converted to Hinduism (p. 426) 1923 Serious communal clashes in Multan and Amritsar (p. 425) 1923 The Hindustan Times with K. M. Panikkar as editor starts publication (p. 1027) May 1923 Communal riot in Calcutta (p. 427) August Banaras session of the Hindu Mahasabha, presided over by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, attended by 1500 delegates including Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Parsis and Arya Samajists (pp. 988; 1004) Hari Singh Gaur's modified Civil Marriage Bill passed (p. 995)

14 1924 October Communist Party of India starts its activities (p. 421) 1924 Royal Commission on the Superior Services (Lee Commission) submits its report (p. 796) 1924 February 4 Gandhi released (p. 413) February 8-13 Legislative Assembly debate on a resolution for constitutional advance and Motilal Nehru's amendment carried (pp ) March Legislative Assembly rejects the demand for grant under Customs (p. 393). March Legislative Assembly rejects the motion for leave to introduce the Finance Bill (p. 393) May 24 All-India Muslim League revives its activities after four years (p. 418) September 10 Communal riot at Kohat (pp ) 1924 October 25 The Governor-General promulgates the Bengal Criminal Law Amendment Act (pp. 411, 442) 1925 Labour Party approves the Act (p. 439) 1925 Serious communal riots at Delhi, Aligarh, Arvi (C.P.), and Sholapur (p. 434) 1925 Gurdwara Law bestows all the important Gurdwaras in the Punjab to Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee (p. 990) 1925 Act passed abolishing the Devadasi system (p. 995) 1925 April 6 Under-Secretary of State for India invites C. R. Das to make constructive proposals (p. 414)

15 1925 May 2 C. R. Das outlines his policy in a speech at Faridpur (p. 414) 1925 June Indian Sandhurst (also known as Skeen) Committee appointed (p. 798) 1925 June 16 Death of C. R. Das (p. 415) 1925 August 9 Train robbery at Kakori (p. 546) 1925 August 22 V.J. Patel elected the first Indian President of the Legislative Assembly (p. 400) 1925 September 22 All-India Congress Committee at Patna passes a resolution permitting the Swarajya party to work in the Legislatures (p. 416) 1926 Communal riots at Calcutta, Delhi, Rawalpindand Allahabad (p. 434) 1926 Trade Union Act passed (p. 860) 1926 Indian School of Mines opened at Dhanbad (p. 886) 1926 February First meeting of the Inter-University Board held (p. 888) 1926 December 23 Swami Sraddhananda murdered (pp ; 982) 1927 Several communal riots (p. 436) Sadanand starts the Free Press of India News Agency (p. 1032) 1927 November 8 British Prime Minister announces the Simon Commission (p. 454) 1928 Royal Commission on Agriculture appointed (p. 892) 1928 Death of Hemchandra Gosvami (Born 1879) (p. 928) 1928 Death of Gopa-bandhu Dasa (Born 1887) (p. 930)

16 1928 Death of Mudumbai Veilkataratria Narasimhacharya (Born, 1892) (p. 962) 1928 February 3 Simon Commission arrives in Bombay, and all India hartal (p. 456) 1928 August All-parties conference considers the Nehru Re port (p. 458) Imperial Council of Agricultural Research set up (pp. 841, 892) 1929 Sarda Act for prevention of child marriage passed with effect from 1930 (p. 994) 1929 Act passed to give certain categories of Hindu. women the right of inheritance (p. 995) 1929 January All-parties conference adjourned sine die (p. 460) 1929March 20 A. Thirty-one members of the Communist Party arrested (Meerut Conspiracy case) (p. 442) 1929 March 29 All-Parties Muslim Conference. formulates the 'fourteen points' under the leadership of Jinnah(p. 529) 1929April 8 Bhagat Singh and Batukeshvar Datta drop bombs in the Legislative Assembly (p. 551) 1929 September 13 Jatin Das dies in jail after sixty-four days fast (p. 552) 1929 October 31 Viceroy Irwin announces that the goal of British Policy was the attainment of Dominion Status by India (p. 464) 1930 February 14 Working Committee of the Congress meets a Sabarmati and passes the Civil Disobedience resolution (p. 468)

17 1930 March 12 Gandhi begins his Dandi march (p. 469) 1930 April Muhammad 'Ali refuses to join Gandhi (p. 528) 1930 April 18 Cittagong armoury raid (p. 547) 1930 June 7 Simon Commission Report published (p. 477) 1930 November 12 First Round Table Conference inaugurated by George V (p. 478) 1930 December Communist Party publishes the 'Draft Platform of Action (p. 701) 1931 Press Emergency Powers Act passed (p. 1025) 1931 January 16 Plenary session of the first Round Table Conference (p. 480) 1931 January 19 First Round Table Conference concludes (p.481) February 17 Gandhi-Irwin talks begin (p. 483) 1931 March 5 Gandhi-Irwin pact signed (p. 483) 1931 July 20 Working Committee of the Congress issue a scheme of Communal settlement (p. 490) 1933 August 29 Gandhi leaves for England to attend the Round Table Conference (p. 492) 1931 September 7 Second Round Table Conference begin (p. 492) 1931 September 12 Gandhi arrives in London (p. 492) 1931 December 1 Ramsay MacDonald announces the decision to constitute N.W.F.P. into a Governor's Province and Sindh a separate province (p. 495)

18 1931 December 28 Gandhi arrives at Bombay (pp. 495, 502) 1932 Bertrand Russell denounces the misdeeds of the British Government in India (p. 195) January Round Table Conference for Burma (p. 498) 1932 August 16 Ramsay MacDonald announces the Communal Award (p. 520) 1932 August 17 India League Delegation arrives in India (p. 507) September 22 Pritilata Waddedar raids the Railway Institute, Chittagong (p. 550) September 24 Poona Pact signed (p. 1005) 1932 September 30 All-India Untouchability League, later known as Harijan Sevak Sangh, formed (p. 1009) 1932 November 7 India League Delegation leaves India (p. 507) 1932 November 7 Third Round Table Conference begins (p. 497) 1932 December 24 Third Round Table Conference ends (p. 498) 1933 January Beginning of the Pakistan National Movement (p. 613) 1934 January 16 Earthquake at Bihar (p. 525) December 19 India Government Bill introduced in Parliament (p. 539) 1935 All the accused in the Meerut Conspiracy case set free (p. 422) 1935 January 10 Indo-British Trade Agreement signed (p. 542) 1935 June Rahamat Ali publishes a leaflet on the formation of Pakistan (p.614)

19 August Government of India Bill passed by the British Parliament (p. 539) August Government of India Act (1935) receives the royal assent (pp. 539; 543) 1936 Death of Premchand (Born 1880) (p. 931) 1937 June A. Abbott and S.H. Wood submit their report on technical education in India (pp ) 1937 July 7 Working Committee of the Congress permits Congressmen to accept office (p. 561) 1937 October All-India National Education Conference under the Presidentship of Gandhiji formulates a new education policy (p. 898) 1938 V.D. Savarkar elected President of the Hindu Mahasabha (pp ) 1938 Death of Sarat-chandra Chatterjee (Born 1876) (p. 926) Death of Sir Muhammad Iqbal (Born 1873) (pp. 970, 973) 1938 November 15 Pirpur Committee submits its report (p. 602) January 31 Gandhi issues a statement regarding the election of Subhaschandra Bose (p. 564) 1939 April 29 Subhas-chandra Bose resigns the Presidentship of the Congress (p. 571) 1939 September 1 Germany invades Poland (p. 617) 1939 October 17 Lord Linlithgow issues a statement that Do minion Status was the ultimate goal of British policy in India (pp. 12, 626)

20 1939 October 27 November 15 Congress ministries resign (pp. 12, 627) 1939 December 22 Jinnah propounds his two nation theory (p. 615) February 1940 Jinnah declares 'Day of Deliverance' (p. 610) 1940 March Lahore session of the Muslim League passes the Pakistan resolution (p. 615) May 10 Winston Churchill becomes the Prime Minister of England (p. 618) 1940 July 2 Subhas-chandra Bose arrested (p. 682) 1940 August 10 Viceroy declares British policy (August offer) (p. 630) 1940 August Congress Working Committee rejects the August offer (p. 631) 1940 August 31 Muslim League Working Committee welcomes the August offer's proposal to divide India (p. 631) 1940 October 17 Congress starts the Individual Civil Disobedience movement (p. 631) 1940 December 17 Individual Civil Disobedience movement suspended (p. 631) 1941 Death of Rabindranath Tagore (Born 1861) (p. 912) 1941 January 17 Subhas-chandra Bose leaves Calcutta (p. 682) 1941 March 28 Subhas-chandra Bose arrives in Berlin (p. 683) 1941 September 9 Churchill declares that the Atlantic Charter does not apply to India (p. 631)

21 1941 December 7 Japan bombs Pearl Harbour (p. 630) 1941 December 8 England declares war against Japan (p. 620) 1941 December 23 Working Committee of the Congress relieve Gandhi of the responsibility to lead satya graha (p. 634) 1942 Fall of Rangoon (p. 12) 1942 Hur trouble in Sindh (pp ) 1942 January 28 Japanese begin to bomb Rangoon (p. 621) 1942 February 15 Col Hunt, on behalf of the British Government, hands over 40,000 Indian prisoners of war to Major Fujiwara of the Japanese Army (p. 684) 1942 February 15 Fall of Singapore (pp. 620; 633) 1942 March 7-9 British troops retreat from Rangoon (p. 621) 1942 March 9 Surrender of the Dutch East Indies (p. 621) 1942 March 11 Churchill announces the Cripps Mission (p. 636) 1942 March 23 Sir Stafford Cripps arrives at Delhi (p. 637) 1942 March Conference of Indians in South Asia in Tokyo under the leadership of Rash-behari Bose (p. 683) 1942 April 2 Working Committee of the Congress reject Cripps's proposals (p. 638) April 6 First Japanese air bombing of India (p. 621) April 10 Breakdown of Cripps's negotiation with the Congress (p. 639).

22 1942 April 23 Rajagopalachari and others adopt resolutions accepting Pakistan and urging the restoration of Congress ministry in Madras (p. 644) 1942 May 15 Japan completes the conquest of Burma (p. 621) 1942 June Bangkok Conference of representative Indians (p. 648) 1942 July 14 Congress Working Committee passes the 'Quit India' resolution (p. 646) 1942 August Forty thousand Indian prisoners of war decide to join the I.N.A. (p. 684) August 2 Gandhi approves Azad's statement indicating that he had no objection to the British handing power to the Muslim League (p. 695) 1942 August 7 All-India Congress Committee meets at Bombay (p. 648) 1942 August 9 Gandhi and the Congress leaders arrested (pp. 649; 650) 1942 August 11 The 1942 Movement begins (p. 651) September Collapse of the 1942 Movement (p. 657) 1942 September 1 Indian National Army established (p. 685) 1942 December 20 First Japanese bombing of Calcutta (p. 621) 1943 Bengal famine (pp ) 1943 February 8 Subhas-chandra Bose leaves Germany for Japan (p. 685) 1943 April 28 Subhas-chandra Bose boards a Japanese Sub marine (p. 685) 1943 June 21 Subhas-chandra Bose arrives in Tokyo (p. 685) 1943 July 2 Subhas-chandra Bose arrives in Singapore (p. 686)

23 1943 July 4 Rash-behari Bose hands over the leadership of the Indian Independence Movement in East Asia to Subhas-chandra Bose (p. 686) 1943 June 14 Subhas-chandra Bose received by Premier Tojo of Japan (p. 685) 1943 October 21 Subhas-chandra Bose proclaims the formation of the Provisional Government of Free India (pp ) 1943 November 6 Premier Tojo announces Japan's decision to hand over the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the Provisional Government of Free India (p. 687) 1943 December Karachi session of the Muslim League adopts the slogan 'Divide and Quit' (p. 700) 1944 February 4 First Battalion of Subhas Brigade leaves Ran goon for Prome (p. 688) March First Battalion of Subhas Brigade defeats the West African troops of the British Army (p. 688) 1944 March 19 I.N.A. hoists the National Flag on the free Indian soil (p. 690) 1944 March 19 Premier Tojo announces that the Provisional Government of Azad Hind will administer the occupied territory (p. 690) 1944 March 22 Japanese raiding columns enter Manipur (p. 623) 1944 April Rajagopalachari negotiates with Jinnah (p. 712) 1944 May I.N.A. captures Mowdok (p. 687) June 7 Japanese retreat from Kohima (p. 623)

24 1944 September British troops recapture Mowdok from the I.N.A. (p. 689) Victory of the Labour Party in the British General Election (p. 14) 1945 March 8 Indian troops enter Mandalay (p. 623) May 4 Allies recapture Rangoon (pp. 623, 691) 1945 May 7 Germany surrenders (p. 622) 1945 June 25 Simla Conference begins (pp. 14,718) 1945 August 6 Atom bomb dropped on Hiroshima (p. 623) 1945 August 9 Second atom bomb dropped on Nagasaky (p. 623) 1945 August 10 Japan sues for peace (p. 624) 1945 August 18 Subhas-chandra Bose arrives at Taipei (Formosa) (p. 692) 1945 December Elections to the Central Legislative Assembly held (p. 724) 1946 Government of India recalls the Indian High Commissioner from South Africa and terminates the Indo-South African Trade Agreement of 1927 (p. 822) January 5 Parliamentary delegation arrives in India (p. 724) 1946 January 28 Wavell announces Government's intention to set up an Executive Council of political leaders (p. 726) 1946 February 18 Mutiny of the Indian naval ratings in Bombay (p. 726) 1946 March 15 Attlee announces the Cabinet Mission (p. 727) 1946 March 24 Cabinet Mission arrives in New Delhi (p. 728)

25 1946 May 16 Cabinet Mission issues its proposals (p. 733) 1946 June 3 South Africa passes the Asiatic Land Tenure and Indian Representation Act (known a the Ghetto Act) (pp ) 1946 June 13 South African Indians start 'passive resistance' movement to protest against the Ghetto Act (p. 822) 1946 July Elections for the Constituent Assembly completed (p. 747) 1946 July 6 All-India Congress Committee meets at Bombay and Jawaharlal Nehru takes over the Presidentship of the Congress (p. 742) 1946 July 29 Council of the Muslim 'League repudiates the Cabinet Mission Plan (pp ) 1946 August 6 Wavell invites Nehru to form an Interim Government (p. 747) August 16 Muslim League begins the 'Direct Action Day 'Great Calcutta killing' (p. 748) 1946 August 24 Interim Government announced (p. 750) September 2 Interim Government takes office (p. 750) October 13 Muslim League agrees to join the Interim Government (p. 751) 1946 December 2 Nehru, Baldev Singh, Jinnah, Liaqat Ali Khan and Wavell arrive in London (p. 753) 1946 December 6 British Government issues a statement clarifying the Cabinet Mission Plan (p. 753) 1946 December 9 Constituent Assembly meets,at New Delhi (p. 754)

26 1947 January 5 All lndia Congress Committee accepts Provincial Grouping under the Cabinet Mission Plan (pp ) 1947 January 31 Working Committee of the Muslim League declares that the Cabinet Mission Plan has failed and the Constituent Assembly is illegal (p. 755) 1947 February 20 Attlee announces the end of British rule in India (p. 757) 1947 March 24 Mountbatten sworn in as Viceroy (p. 760) 1947 June 2 Mountbatten presents the new plan to Congress and Muslim League leaders (p. 776) 1947 June 2 Congress Working Committee accepts the new plan (p. 778) 1947 June 3 Mountbatten secures written assurance from the Congress and the Sikhs and verbal assurance from the Muslim League in support of the new plan (p. 778) 1947 June 4 Mountbatten announces transfer of power 011 August 15 (p. 778) June 10 Council of Muslim League approves the June 3 plan (p. 782) 1947 June 14 Gandhi urges the All-India Congress Commit tee to accept the partition of India (p. 769) 1947 July 4 Indian Independence Bill introduced in the House of Commons (p. 786) July 6-17 Referendum held in N.W.F.P. boycotted by Abdul Ghaffar Khan and his followers (p. 785) 1947 July 15 Indian Independence Bill passed by the House of Commons.

27 1947 July 16 Indian Independence Bill passed by the House of Lords (p. 786) 1947 July 18 Indian Independence Bill receives Royal assent (p. 786) 1947 August 11 Constituent Assembly of Pakistan meets and elects Jinnah as President (p. 791) 1947 August 15 India attains independence (p. 791) 1948 Death of Gandhi (Born 1869) (p. 938) 1950 Death of Sri Arabinda (Born 1872) (p. 976).