Patterns of Change and Resilience in Middle Eastern Politics

Transcription

1 Patterns of Change and Resilience in Middle Eastern Politics 2017 Draft Syllabus Course Information Name: Patterns of Change and Resilience in Middle Eastern Politics Teaching Institution: Location: Dates: Duration: Course hours: contact Pre-requisites: Course equivalencies Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milan, Italy 7 January 28 January 2017 (TBC) 3 weeks Last updated 10 th May hours of academic classes plus additional cultural activities and self-study Students must have completed at least 1 year of undergraduate study at the time of participation and demonstrate strong academic capability The program is designed to be equivalent to one full-time semester length unit at an Australian University (7.5 ECTS/3 US credit hours) Course Descriptions and Learning Outcomes In recent years, the Middle East has arguably established itself as the centre of international politics or, at least, as the region that no international actor can afford to stay away from. Why? How did this happen? This course will explore the politics of the plural and changing Middle East from an international perspective, focusing on its features, internal processes, and the main problematic issues, while emphasizing its relationship with the West, itself a plural entity, and especially with Europe and the European Union. The course aims to enable students to achieve a clear understanding of the main issues that have shaped and are characterizing the politics of the region, its role in contemporary international politics, as well as the strategies available and employed by the main international actors towards it. Finally, it aims to investigate the usefulness and the shortcomings of ( Western ) international relations and political science approaches and Page 1 of 19

2 concepts to the region, highlighting both the differences and similarities between the Middle East and other political regions. Upon successful completion of the course, students will be familiar with the events, facts, and issues that have shaped the politics of the region, and have gained a good knowledge of its trends and specific features. Lastly, students will be able to assess the effects on the region of the strategies that international powers can deploy towards it. Method of Teaching The course will combine lectures, in-class debates, and a role-play activity. About the latter: students will be asked to choose a political actor from among the suggested ones and to: a. study it in depth and provide a position paper on it (deadline: end of the first week); b. to briefly present the position paper during classes; c. to play the role of that political actor during the course by developing strategies and implementing regional policies according to the rules set by the instructor. After the first week of the course, students will be encouraged to play the role of the chosen political actor and try to achieve its aims during and outside of classes. At the end of the second week, the resulting fictional regional order will be discussed in class. During the third week, the students will be asked to develop new strategies in order to adapt to changes in variables as modified by the instructor, and to prepare for a fictional UN-sponsored conference on Middle Eastern Regional Order, which will take place at the end of the course. Course Requirement Class participation 10 % of final grade Position paper 15 % of final grade Presentation 5 % of final grade Role-play activity 20 % of final grade Final written exam 50 % of final grade a. Students are expected to regularly attend sessions and to actively take part in debate; b. Before each class, students are expected to have read the compulsory readings (and are strongly advised to read the recommended readings); c. Students are required to write a short position paper (1500 words) about a political actor of their choice; d. Students are required to orally present their position paper; Page 2 of 19

3 e. Students are required to engage in the role-play activity; f. Students will have to take a final written exam. Lesson Schedule and Reading List FIRST WEEK- THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL BACKGROUND Lesson 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF THE COURSE Presentation of the course: aims, organization, class-by-class overview. Assignments: suggestions on how to successfully complete the course. Lesson 2: IS THE MIDDLE EAST REALLY THE CENTRE OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS? Since 11 September, the Middle East has increasingly looked like the place no Great Power can afford not to be involved in, or the new centre of international politics. Is that really the case? And if so, why? E. Luttwak, The middle of nowhere, Prospect Magazine, No. 134 (May, 2007) Lesson 3: THE MODERN MIDDLE EAST: CREATION, BOUNDARIES, AND FAULT- LINES This class deals with the processes that created the political region and its contemporary shifting definition, and of its boundaries, before summarizing its identity fault-lines which, even though they are not on the geographical map, matter a great deal in its political life, and make understanding it particularly complex. Material: Sykes-Picot Agreement Map ( ) The Balfour Declaration (2 November 1917) The McMahon Letter to Sheriff Hussein (24 October 1915) Linguistic, Ethnic, Oil, and Religious Maps of the Middle East F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations. Power, Politics and Ideology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005, Lesson 4: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY AND THE MIDDLE EAST Page 3 of 19

4 The class focuses on the main research agendas to apply IR Theory to the study of the Middle East, pointing out their respective strengths and weaknesses, and asks whether their ontological and epistemological assumptions really allow for an understanding of Middle Eastern international and state politics. F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations. Power, Politics and Ideology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005, J. J. Mearsheimer, The False Promise of International Institutions, International Security, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Winter 1994/95), Lesson 5: ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS: POWER, SECURITY, ORDER, NATION Lesson 6: HISTORICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELEMENTS FOR AN UNDERSTANDING OF ISLAM AS A POLITICAL PHENOMENON We try to recall the most important events in the history of Islam and the theoretical political constructions developed from those events. That will allow us to gather a preliminary but sufficient knowledge to understand Middle Eastern political discourses. No readings for Class 6 Lesson 7: ORIENTALISM, WESTOXICATION AND OCCIDENTALISM We look at the East from the West, focusing on Edward Said s Orientalism and on critiques of it: we assess the power of the creation of Otherness and the analytical potential of such a perspective. Then, to get the opposite perspective, we look at the West from the East, analyzing the build-up of anti-occidentalism and its reasons: is it really only a matter of Western policies or does the problem go deeper? E. W. Said, Orientalism: Western Conceptions of the Orient, London: Penguin 1978, I. Buruma, A. Margalit, Occidentalism. The West in the Eyes of its Enemies, New York: Penguin 2004, 1-12 and Page 4 of 19

5 S. Bromley, Rethinking Middle East Politics, Cambridge UK: Polity Press 1994, Y. Sadowski, The New Orientalism and the Democracy Debate, Middle East Report, No. 183, Political Islam. (Jul. - Aug., 1993), J. L. Esposito, Political Islam and the West, Joint Forces Quarterly (Spring, 2000) D. Pipes, The Problem with Middle East Studies. A Microscopic Investigation, Middle East Forum (14 July 2008) (available at Lesson 8: IN CLASS DEBATE: THE LEGACY OF HISTORY IN THE CONTEMPORARY MIDDLE EAST ASSIGNMENT DEADLINE: POSITION PAPER SECOND WEEK- ESTABLISHED FEATURES OF MIDDLE EASTERN REGIONAL ORDER Lesson 9: AUTOCRACIES The introduction of a foreign political structure to the region at the end of the First World War was characterized by imbalanced power relationships between Europe and the political and economic powers of the region: the Middle Eastern state, therefore, developed features that have marked its development since then. R. Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East, London-New York: Routledge 2004, N. H. Ayubi, Over-stating the Arab State. Politics and Society in the Middle East, London- New York: I.B. Tauris 1995, S. Bromley, Rethinking Middle East Politics, Cambridge UK: Polity Press 1994, L. Anderson, The State in the Middle East and North Africa, Comparative Politics, Vol. 20, No. 1. (Oct., 1987), A. D. Smith, LSE Centennial Lecture: The Resurgence of Nationalism? Myth and Memory in the Renewal of Nations, The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 47, No. 4. (Dec., 1996), Lesson 10: THE CURSE OF BLACK GOLD, CONFLICT AND COOPERATION Page 5 of 19

6 The gift of oil has turned into a curse: despite being blessed with an abundance of black gold, Middle Eastern states have some of the lowest rates of development, literacy, and human health and well-being in the world. Is this a matter of culture (and religion), or politics and economics? The Middle East is the region with the highest rates of military expenditures in the world, and one of the areas of the world where conflict is the most recurrent, both within and outside states. Indeed, the military has always played an essential political role in regional politics, sometimes stabilizing states institutions, sometimes overthrowing governments, sometimes fomenting regional instability. G. Luciani, Oil and Political Economy in the International Relations of the Middle East, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, L. Fawcett, Alliances, Cooperation, and Regionalism in the Middle East, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations. Power, Politics and Ideology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005, ; S. Bromley, Rethinking Middle East Politics, Cambridge UK: Polity Press 1994, C. M. Henry, The Clash of Globalisations in the Middle East, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, N. H. Ayubi, Over-stating the Arab State. Politics and Society in the Middle East, London- New York: I.B. Tauris 1995, Lesson 11: IDEOLOGIES and ISLAM This class deals with recurrent ideological trends that have swept the region: Nationalism, Arabism, liberalism, pan-islamism, pan-ottomanism, Islamism, Zionism, anti-zionism, communism, etc.: some are forgotten by history, but many are alive and well, influencing the political life of the region. In particular, political ideologies claiming to be Islamic are alive and well. Through what process has a religion been transformed into a modern political ideology? Is Islam as a religion really to be blamed? Page 6 of 19

7 F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations. Power, Politics and Ideology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005, R.L Euben., Comparative Political Theory: An Islamic Fundamentalist Critique of Rationalism, The Journal of Politics, Vol. 59, No 1 (1997) R. Hinnebusch, The Politics of Identity in Middle East International Relations, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, G. H. Razi, Legitimacy, Religion, and Nationalism in the Middle East, The American Political Science Review, Vol. 84, No. 1. (Mar., 1990) N. H. Ayubi, Over-stating the Arab State. Politics and Society in the Middle East, London- New York: I.B. Tauris 1995, Charfi, Islam and Liberty: The Historical Misunderstanding, London-New York: Zed Books 2005, [tit.or. Islam et Liberté, 1998]. M. Kramer, Islam Vs Democracy, Commentary (January 1993) 35-42M. A.R. Abootalebi, Islam, Islamists, and Democracy, Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol. 3, No 1 (March 1999). J. L. Esposito, Political Islam: Beyond the Green Menace, Current History (January 1994) J.L. Esposito, J.O. Voll, Islam s Democratic Essence, Middle East Quarterly, Vol.1, No 3 (September 1994). Material Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (adopted 24 October 1979and amended 28 July 1989); available at Constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany (Adopted 23 May 1949 and amended 20 December 1993); available at THIRD WEEK- THE CONTEMPORARY MIDDLE EAST Lesson 12: IN CLASS DEBATE: A DEMOCRATIC OR AN ISLAMIST WAVE? DISCUSSING MIDDLE EASTERN CIVIL REVOLTS After the unsuccessful 2009 and 2010 Iranian Green Revolution, since December 2010 peaceful popular movements have spread through the Middle East achieving regime change in some cases and developing into civil wars in others. After attempting to define the Page 7 of 19

8 political phenomenon, class 11 will try to compare features and trajectories of the different experiences, in order to understand if the civil revolts are potentially able to transform the international politics of the Middle East, and how. A. Bayat, The Arab Spring and its Surprises, Development and Change, Vol. 44 No 3(2013) S. A. Niakooee, Contemporary Arab Uprisings: Different Processes and Outcomes, Japanese Journal of Political Science, Vol. 14 No 3(2013) F. Ajami, The Arab Spring at One. A Year of Living Dangerously, Foreign Affairs (March-April 2012) L. Anderson, Demystifying the Arab Spring. Parsing the Differences between Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, Foreign Affairs (May-June 2011) H. H. Khondker, Role of the New Media in the Arab Spring, Globalizations, Vol. 8 No 5 (2011) J. Keane, Refolution in the Arab world, Open Democracy (28 April 2011). Available at M. Ottaway and A. Hamzawy, Protest Movements and Political Change in the Arab World, Carnegie Policy Outlook (28 January 2011). Available at vements.pdf N. Pelham, Libya: How They Did It, New York Review of Books (29 September 2011). Available at H. Agha and R. Malley, The Arab Counterrevolution, New York Review of Books (29 September 2011). Available at S. M. Walt, Winners and Losers of the Revolution. Is Egypt s revolution bad news for Palestine and the Muslim Brotherhood?, Foreign Policy (14 February 2011). Available at volution Page 8 of 19

9 L. Diamond, Why are there no Arab Democracies?, Journal of Democracy, Vol. 21 No 1 (January 2010) O. Roy, Révolution post-islamiste, Le monde (14 February 2011). Available at M. Singh, What Has Really Changed in the Middle East? The Washington Institute for Near East Policy - Foreign Policy (22 September 2011). Available at L. Anderson, Demystifying the Arab Spring. Parsing the Differences Between Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, Foreign Affairs (May/June 2011). Available at S. Hamid, The Rise of the Islamists. How Islamists Will Change Politics, and Vice Versa, Foreign Affairs (May/June 2011). Available at J. A. Goldstone, Understanding the Revolutions of Weakness and Resiliance in Middle Eastern Autocracies, Foreign Affairs (May/June 2011). Available at Gallup, Egypt: The Arithmetic of Revolution. An empirical analysis of social and economic conditions in the months before the January 25 uprising, Abu Dhabi Gallup Center (March 2011). Available at Libyan Interim National Council, A Vision for a Democratic Libya (29 March 2011). Available at Y. Guzansky and M. A. Heller (eds.) One Year of the Arab Spring: Global and Regional Implications, Memorandum No 113, Institute for National Security Studies (March 2012). Available at http: S. Roach, Odyssey s Dawn. Libya, the Arab Spring and the future of the Middle East and North Africa, The International Relations Journal Vol. 33 (Spring 2014) A. Sarıhan, Is the Arab Spring in the Third Wave of Democratization? The Case of Syria and Egypt, Turkish Journal of Politics Vol. 3 No. 1 (Summer 2012) Lesson 13: IN CLASS DEBATE: THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN (ARAB) CONFLICT Page 9 of 19

10 The cause of all Middle Eastern ills or just one of many? We look back at the history of the conflict, from the first step of the Zionist movement towards the creation of Israel (and the Palestinian Nakhba) to today s wall, Road Map, latest rounds of conflict, and consider the identities of the movements, the issues at stake, and the opposing perspectives involved. C. Smith, The Arab-Israeli Conflict, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations. Power, Politics and Ideology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005, S. Tillman, Israel and Palestinian Nationalism, Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 9, No. 1. (Autumn, 1979), J. Gross Stein, War and Security in the Middle East, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, A. Shlaim, The Rise and Fall of the Oslo Peace Process, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, Lesson 14: THE SYRIAN SPILL-OVER : A REGIONAL OR INTERNATIONAL CHALLENGE? From a pacific start, the Syrian revolt has firstly turned violent then transformed into a challenge to regional stability before becoming an international issue. The Islamic State, along with other Islamists groups, are being pointed as a new major threat to international stability. Is that really the case? And what kind of new regional and international dynamics have their success started? P. Droz-Vincent, State of Barbary (Take Two): From the Arab Spring to the Return of Violence in Syria, Middle East Journal Vol. 68 No 1 (Winter 2014) Y. Guzansky and Benedetta Berti, Is the New Middle East Stuck in Its Sectarian Past? The Unspoken Dimension of the Arab Spring, Orbis, Vol. 57 No. 1 (Winter 2013) Available at E. Lust, Syrian Spillover, National Tensions, Domestic Responses, & International Page 10 of 19

11 Options, Pomed (April 2015). Available at G. Rose (ed.) The ISIS Crisis, Foreign Affairs, March 2015 Isis, Dabiq, Issue 4 (2014)(All issues available at J. Alagha, The Arab uprisings: Hezbullah and Syria, Turkish Review Vol. 4 No 2 (Mar/Apr 2014) R. Hinnebusch, Syria: from 'authoritarian upgrading' to revolution?, International Affairs Vol. 88 No. 1 (2012) Available at 012/88_1/88_1hinnebusch.pdf B. F. Salloukh, Sects Supreme. The End of Realist Politics in the Middle East, Foreign Affairs (14/07/2014). Available on line at Lesson 14: THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE MEDITERRANEAN After reviewing the stages of its creation, the class deals with the nature of the European Union and its alleged exceptionality, which is supposed to give rise to a different type of foreign policy. The problem is: can this policy work? And has it worked in the Middle East? PRESENTATION (The European Union) R. Hollis, Europe in the Middle East, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, J. Zajac, The EU in the Mediterranean: Between Its International Identity and Member States Interests, European Foreign Affairs Review, No. 20 (2015). Available at v7dd4grs7dfr1931bql937 fr1931bql937 R. Balfour, Spotlight-Europe - March 2015: The EU neighbourhood in shambles. Some recommendations for a new European neighbourhood strategy, Policy Paper Bertelsmann Stiftung (2015). Available at Page 11 of 19

12 S. Panebianco, The EU and the Middle East, in F. Bindi (ed.), The Foreign Policy of the European Union. Assessing Europe s Role in the World, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press 2010, R. Hollis, No friend of democratization: Europe s role in the genesis of the Arab Spring, International Affairs, Vol. 88 No 1 (2012) I. Manners, Normative Power Europe: A Contradiction in Terms?, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 40, No. 2 (2002), K. Smith, Still Civilian Power EU?, European Foreign Policy Unit Working Paper 2005/1. S. Everts, A Word of Advice from Europe: Soft Power Works, The National Interest, Vol. 1 No. 6 (available A. Treacher, From Civilian Power to Military Actor: the EU s Resistable Transformation, European Foreign Affairs Review, Vol. 9, No. 1 (2004). A. D. Smith, A Europe of Nations. Or the Nation of Europe?, Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 30, No. 2. (May, 1993), N. Tocci and J.P. Cassarino, Rethinking the EU s Mediterranean Policies Post-1/11, Istituto Affari Internazionali Working Papers, Vol. 11 No. 6 (March 2011). Available at High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Joint Communication to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A new response to a changing Neighbourhood, COM(2011) 303, 25 May 2011 C. Grant, A new neighbourhood policy for the EU, Centre for European Reform Policy Brief (March 2011). Available at neighbourhood_11march pdf _11march pdf _11march pdf Lesson 15: THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIDDLE EAST BETWEEN CHANGE AND CONTINUITY This class looks at the role of the US in the Middle East, from the end of the Second World War to 11 September, through the end of the Cold War, in order to assess if President George W. Bush or President Barack Obama have brought real change. And finally: is US hegemony in the region going to last or it is already over? Page 12 of 19

13 PRESENTATION (The United States) M. C. Hudson, The United States in the Middle East, L. Fawcett, ed., International Relations of the Middle East, New York: Oxford University Press 2005, D. Huber, A Pragmatic Actor. The US Response to the Arab Uprisings, Journal of European Integration, Vol. 37 No. 1 (2015) Available at B. Mendelsohn, U.S. Strategy in a Transitioning Middle East: Reviving State Responsibility, Orbis, Vol. 58 No 2 (2014) J. J. Mearsheimer, S. Walt, The Israel Lobby, London Review of Books, Vol. 28 No. 6 (23 March 2006). F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations. Power, Politics and Ideology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005, M. C. Hudson, To Play the Hegemon: Fifty Years of U.S. Policy Toward the Middle East, Middle East Journal, Vol. 50 No. 3 (1996). S. Simon, Here s where The Israel Lobby is wrong, The Daily Star (4 May 2006). M. Lynch, America and Egypt After the Uprisings, Survival, Vol. 53 No. 2 (2011) Available at A. H. Cordesman, Saudi National Security and the Saudi-US Strategic Partnership, Centre for Strategic and International Studies (Working Draft Revised 29 April 2010). Available at Lesson 16: IN CLASS DEBATE: ROLE-PLAY ASSESSMENT: THE (FICTIONAL) MIDDLE EASTERN REGIONAL ORDER Lesson 17: NEW OR RETURNING INTERNATIONAL POWERS International actors are taking an interest in the Middle East: not only traditional (Russia) but also new Powers (most notably China) have attempted to establish a political presence in the region. What do they want? And, will they be able to fill the vacuum left by the US and the EU? Page 13 of 19

14 PRESENTATIONS (Russia-China) R. Dannreuther, Russia and the Arab Spring: Supporting the Counter- Revolution, Journal of European Integration, Vol. 37 No. 1 (2015) Available at K. Oskarsson, S. A. Yetiv, "Russia and the Persian Gulf: Trade, Energy, and Interdependence", The Middle East Journal, Volume 67 No. 3, Summer 2013, pp I. Bourtman, "Putin and Russia's Middle East Policy, Middle East Review of International of International Affairs, Volume 10 No. 2 (June 2006) B. Rubin, China s Middle East Strategy, Middle East Review of International of International Affairs, Volume 3 No. 1 (March 1999). Available at R. Foot, Chinese strategies in a US-hegemonic global order: accommodating and hedging, International Affairs, Vol. 82 No. 1 (2006) Available at _International_Affairs.pdf Lesson 18: THE CHANGING MIDDLE EASTERN REGIONAL ORDER: IRAN, TURKEY, ISRAEL, EGYPT, AND SAUDI ARABIA In the last few years, established regional powers have seen their regional relevance decline (Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia), while others (Turkey, Iran) have acted so to increase their regional power. The Arab Revolts and their aftermath have increased the speed of regional change, firstly temporarily reducing the primacy of Israel and the US then restructuring the strategic regional order. What kind of future regional order is there going to be? PRESENTATIONS (Iran-Turkey-Israel-Egypt-Saudi Arabia) K. Dalacoura, The 2011 uprisings in the Arab Middle East: political change and geopolitical implications, International Affairs, Vol. 88 No 1 (2012), F. G.Gause III, Beyond Sectarianism: The New Middle East Cold War, Brookings Doha Center Analysis Paper, No. 11 ( July 2014). Available at Page 14 of 19

15 ectarianism%20cold%20war%20gause/english%20pdf.pdf beyond sectarianism cold war gause/english PDF.pdf M. J. Zarif, What Iran Really Wants, Foreign Affairs (Apr. 2015). Available at Z. Öniş, Turkey and the Arab Revolutions: Boundaries of Regional Power Influence in a Turbulent Middle East, Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2014) Available at D. S. Sorenson, Transitions in the Arab World: Spring or Fall?, Strategic Studies Quarterly (Fall 2011) E. Ozdemir, Turkey s Middle East Policy in the Post-Cold War Era, History Studies - Middle East Special Issue (2010) Available at Z. Onis, Multiple Faces of the New Turkish Foreign Policy: Underlining Dynamics and a Critique, GLODEM Working Paper Series (4/2010). Available at T. Özhan, The Arab Spring and Turkey, Foundation for political, Economic, and Social Research (SETA) (15 October 2011). Available at J. B. Alterman and J. W. Graver, The Vital Triangle. China, the United States, and the Middle East, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Significant Issues Series Vol. 30 No. 2 (2008). Available at M. Khan, Islam, Democracy and Islamism after the counterrevolution in Egypt, Middle East Policy, Vol. 21 No. 1 (Spring 2014). Available at n Lesson 19: THE CHANGING MIDDLE EASTERN REGIONAL ORDER: THE FAILING STATES Some traditional Middle Eastern Powers are challenged in the post-september 11th and Page 15 of 19

16 post-springs Middle East. Syria, Iraq, Yemen, but also Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Algeria are shaken by rising internal, regional, and international challenges. Are they going to survive? PRESENTATIONS (Syria-Lebanon-Jordan-Iraq) L. Anderson, Creative destruction : States, identities and legitimacy in the Arab world, Philosophy and Social Criticism, Vol. 40(4-5) (2014) Available at S. Kronenfeld and Y. Guzansky, Yemen: A Mirror to the Future of the Arab Spring, Military and Strategic Affairs, Vol. 6 No. 3 (December 2014). Available at H. Malmvig, Power, Identity and Securitization in Middle East: Regional Order after the Arab Uprisings, Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 19 No. 1 (2014) Available at A. E. D. H. Dessouki, The Arab regional system: a question of survival, Contemporary Arab Affairs, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2015) Available at R. Hinnebusch, Introduction: understanding the consequences of the Arab uprisings starting points and divergent trajectories, Democratization. Available at I. Salamey, Post-Arab Spring: changes and challenges, Third World Quarterly (2015). Available at Lesson 20: THE CHANGING MIDDLE EASTERN REGIONAL ORDER: THE NON- STATE ACTORS The Muslim Brotherhood, the Salafi movements, Hamas, Hezbollah, the Houthis, al-nousra, Ansar al-sharia, in addition to the Islamic State, are some of the non-state actors that are increasingly challenging the State system. Do they really have the power to shake the foundations of the modern Middle Eastern international system? PRESENTATIONS (Shias-Sunnis-secular actors) Page 16 of 19

17 F. Volpi and E. Stein, Islamism and the state after the Arab uprisings: Between people power and state power, Democratization (2015). Available at E. Zohar, The arming of non-state actors in the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula, Australian Journal of International Affairs (2015). Available at B. Berti, Non-State Actors as Providers of Governance: The Hamas Government in Gaza between Effective Sovereignty, Centralized Authority, and Resistance, The Middle East Journal, Vol. 69 No 1 (Winter 2015) 9-31(23) Lesson 20 and 21: IN CLASS ROLE-PLAY: THE FICTIONAL UN-SPONSORED CONFERENCE ON MIDDLE EASTERN REGIONAL ORDER Lesson 22: WRAPPING UP : THE POLITICAL ORDER OF THE MIDDLE EAST A. Quarenghi, The European Union and its Values: How to Cooperate with Islamists?, in B. Neuss and A. Noetzold (eds.) Challenges for the European Foreign and Security Policy in the South Perspectives from both shores of the Mediterranean, Nomos 2015 O. Roy, The Transformation of the Arab World, Journal of Democracy, Vol. 23 No 3 (July 2012) Lesson 23: FINAL EXAM Instructor Information Alessandro Quarenghi is a Lecturer in International Politics at the Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, where he teaches subjects on International Relations and International Relations of the Middle East. He holds a degree in Law, a PhD in International Relations, a Specialization in International Economics and Politics, and Masters Degrees in Postcolonial Politics and Cross-cultural Mediation. His work focuses on Middle Eastern Order, regional security issues, Democratization processes, and regional cooperation. Page 17 of 19

18 Course Readings and Materials All the readings and the lecturer s slides will be available on Blackboard. Cultural Activities The course includes a number of cultural activities in order to give participants an appreciation of Italian culture and attitudes. These cultural visits do not count towards the class contact hours of the course but do provide important cultural context for students. Attendance and class participation Students are expected to attend all classes, presentations, site visits and cultural activities. They are expected to actively take part in class discussions. Every student must attend a minimum of 90% of the total of scheduled class hours and field trips in order to be permitted to attend the final exam. Attendance will be registered by the tutor at the beginning of each class/visit. The daily registration of attendance is the responsibility of the student, any missing signature in the register will be considered as an absence. Punctuality is essential. In order not to cause interruptions and disturbance students arriving late, that is over 10 minutes late, will be admitted into class only after the first break. Late arrivals will be counted has half day absences. Students, that for serious and motivated reasons (illness, personal problems or other) cannot attend lectures, must inform the tutor in advance. The Master s Office will have to approve of multiple day absences. Academic honesty Students will be required to comply with UCSC s policies regarding plagiarism and academic integrity. Students are also expected to maintain a high standard behaviour at off-site activities and throughout the program in general. Exam: exam dates communicated in the syllabus for the midterm and final cannot be re-scheduled. Unexcused absences will result in a failing grade. In cases of unforeseeable circumstances such as illness or injury on the day of the exams, the student must submit a medical certificate and communicate his/her absence to the Professor and UCSC International Office via prior to the exam. If the student does not justify his/her absence through sufficient documentation and with adequate notice before the final test, the student will receive an automatic Failed. Page 18 of 19

19 Grading The course will be assessed as above. Grades will be allocated according to the standard ECTS scale. Contact Information For further information regarding this document, please contact the Australian Institute for Mobility Overseas: Phone: (02) Web: Page 19 of 19