DOI: / Indigenous Feminist Narratives

Transcription

1 DOI: / Indigenous Feminist Narratives

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3 Indigenous Feminist Narratives I/We: Wo(men) of an(other) Way Isabel Dulfano University of Utah, USA DOI: /

4 Isabel Dulfano 2015 Chapter 3 Irma Velásquez Nimatuj 2015 Chapter 4 Luz María de la Torre Amaguana 2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number , of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN : PDF ISBN: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. DOI: /

5 For Isaac, Ali, Maia, Shoshi, and MJD with cariño With thanks to my loving mothers and sisters: Celia, Marga, Anne, Guila, Sharon, and the rest DOI: /

6 Contents Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1 Canonical Representations of Indigenous Women in Latin American Literature 14 2 Notes on Indigenous Feminism Post-Testimonial 30 3 Memory/Memoir, Challenges, and Anthropology 50 Irma Velásquez Nimatuj, translated by Isabel Dulfano 4 What Does It Mean to Be an Indigenous Woman in Contemporary Times? 81 Luz María de la Torre Amaguana, translated by Isabel Dulfano Conclusion 97 References 105 Index 112 vi DOI: /

7 Acknowledgments The inspiration for this project was sparked during a Fulbright Commission Group Study Abroad project to Ecuador in I thank the U.S. Department of Education for providing that opportunity and am especially grateful to Ken Jameson for asking me to participate. At that time, I met Luz María de la Torre Amaguaña, who spoke at the Fulbright Commission in Quito. After that thought-provoking voyage, I received additional funding for research and travel from several sources at the University of Utah. I would like to acknowledge generous support from the College of Humanities and Dean Robert Newman in the form of international travel grants and research leave. In addition, I am grateful to the University of Utah for supporting my sabbatical after many years of teaching and as a faculty fellow during Research for this manuscript took me to Bolivia, Mexico, Peru, and Guatemala, funded primarily by the University Creative Research Grant awarded for In 2005, I received a Dee Humanities Council grant to develop a new course on Indigenous writing and culture. That intellectual endeavor opened a space to explore this subject from a multidisciplinary approach. The class brought together scholars from linguistics, history, economics, political science, business, education, and anthropology. Luz María came to spend a week presenting to graduate and undergraduate students around our campus. That cross-pollination and intersectional analysis informed the way I would examine Indigenous feminist writing and the alternative DOI: / vii

8 viii Acknowledgments knowledge production emanating from contemporary Indigenous female writers. In the fall of 2013, I presented some research at LASA-ERIP in Mexico. After the final day in Oaxaca, during massive Indigenous street protests, I attended a dinner where I met Irma Velásquez Nimatuj, and we realized there were points of convergence in our research agenda. From there arose an invaluable collaboration with another extraordinary woman. Each purveyed a closer, more intimate perspective and understanding of Indigenous women s knowledge production, their discourse, theorization, personal experiences, and literary expression. Previously Luz María and I had spent one summer teaching at the Middlebury College Summer Language Program, where we spoke endlessly about these ideas. My thanks go out to Dr Susan Carvalho, director of the Middlebury summer Spanish school at the time, who had the insight to invite Luz María to the campus and highlighted Inti Raymi and Indigenous topics as the program theme that year. Adding another rich layer, Irma dedicated several days in her home office in Xela to editing the manuscript and conversing with me. She asked me to travel there to get a firsthand view of her space. Aura Cumes also extended a kind invitation to Chimaltenango, where we discussed her doctoral research, Guatemalan Indigenous feminist writers, and other related topics. On the home front, the continuous positive support, conversations, and extensive editorial assistance from Dr. Anne Fuller and Ali Bromley- Dulfano helped to make this a stronger final product. I have taught various iterations of the Indigenous class and have been enriched every time by the extraordinary insights my students shared with me. Every class brought fresh commentary about their readings and the organization of the thematic threads running through our interrogation of the Indian problem and Indigenous feminism. I especially want to thank Betty Aguirre Maier, Luz Lara, Carolina Singer, Paola Prieto, and Victor Zabala, Jordan McCormack, Caleb Braley, and Carmen Fernandez from the Spanish graduate program. Numerous other colleagues like Jane Hacking, my weekly writing partner; Robert Behra, research and information services collections steward and collections coordinator at the J. Willard Marriott Library; and Christine Jones were instrumental in the writing, research, or sounding out of different ideas. Finally, my children have all generously participated in dinner conversations about Indigenous feminism and the women who have taken DOI: /

9 Acknowledgments ix the dialogue, discourse, and agenda to a new level of engagement. The unending encouragement that Maia, Isaac, Ali, and Shoshi have given to this long writing process nurtured the freedom to travel and write on many days when I would rather have spent time with them, yet I always knew their love was constant and my obligations had to be split. Chapter 3 has been translated from De la Torre Amaguana, Luz Maria Qué significa ser mujer indígena en la contemporaneidad? Mester, 39 (1): 1 25, with kind permission of the author. Chapter 4 has been translated from Velásquez Nimatuj, Irma Alicia Memoria, desafíos, antropología. Pueblos indigenas, estado, y lucha por tierra en Guatemala. Estrategias de sobrevivencia y negociación ante la desigualdad globalizada. Unpublished PhD Dissertation. Department of Anthropology. Austin: University of Texas, with kind permission of the author. DOI: /

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