Dr. M. S. Staum Winter Term 2008 FRANCE, : DECADENCE, REVOLUTION, AND THE SEARCH FOR STABILITY

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1 History L01 The University of Calgary Dr. M. S. Staum Winter Term 2008 Office No.: SS 606 Telephone No.: or Hours: MWF 2-3 Main Office 6401(messages) or by appointment FRANCE, : DECADENCE, REVOLUTION, AND THE SEARCH FOR STABILITY During the eighteenth century, the absolute monarchy of France and highly stratified society could not withstand the pressure of its own inefficiency, extravagant military expenditures, changing social attitudes, and corrosive cultural criticism. After stressing social history and the history of ideas, we shall examine the era of the Revolution ( ). The Consulate and Empire ( ) then consolidated the achievements of the Revolution, but after the defeat of Napoleon, there was a second cycle of monarchy, revolution, and empire. Finally we shall consider the triumph of a modernizing republic after a generation of triumph and tragedy from 1918 to Even in the Gaullist era, the special attributes of French political culture and social expectations will be evident. Approximately two weeks before the final meeting of the course, students will be expected to submit an essay of words. Suggested topics will be distributed as a supplement to this outline. There will be a penalty for late papers unless explicit permission has been granted for extension of the deadline. If a student does not hand in an essay or does not take the final exam, a marginal grade average of D will not be acceptable for credit. All submitted essays are expected to be the original work of the student and are to be prepared exclusively for this course (see Department policy at the end of this outline). Please do not hand in an essay by sliding it under my office door. The History Department has, across from the Main Office, a red box for receiving essays when instructors are unavailable. I will place lecture outlines and other resources for this course on Blackboard. Evaluation of work in this course will have the following basis: (1) Essay Due April 2, % (2) Mid-term test February 15, % (3) Final examination Scheduled by the Registrar 35%

2 If there are oral reports on reading assignments in a class smaller than 20, class discussion and oral reports are worth 20%, the mid-term is worth 20%, the essay 30%, and the final exam 30%. 2

3 3 Books to be purchased (paperbacks): Jones, Colin. The Great Nation: France from Louis XV to Napoleon. London: Penguin, Blanning, T. C. W., The French Revolution: Class War or Culture Clash? New York: St. Martin's Press (Palgrave Macmillan), Connelly, Owen, The Epoch of Napoleon (1972). Malabar, Fla.: Krieger, Wright, Gordon. France in Modern Times: From the Enlightenment to the Present. Fifth Edition, New York: Norton, Books on reserve in the Library Reading Room: 1. Bloch, Marc. Strange Defeat New York: Norton, Burns, Michael. ed. France and the Dreyfus Affair Boston: Bedford Books/St. Martin s Press, Chaussinand-Nogaret, Guy, The French Nobility in the Eighteenth Century Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Cogan, Charles. Charles de Gaulle, A Brief Biography with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin s, Cranston, Maurice, Philosophers and Pamphleteers Oxford: Oxford University Press, Collins, Irene, ed. Government and Society in France, London: Edward Arnold, Edwards, Stewart, ed. The Communards of Paris, 1871 London: Thames and Hudson, Hunt, Lynn, ed. The French Revolution and Human Rights Boston: Bedford/St. Martin s, Jones, P. M., The Peasantry in the French Revolution Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Kedward, H. R. France and the French since 1900: La vie en bleu. London: (Overlook) Penguin, Kedward, H. R. Occupied France: Collaboration and Resistance Oxford: Blackwell, Langer, William, Political and Social Upheaval, New York: Harper, McMillan, James F. Napoleon III. London: Longman, Popkin, Jeremy, A Short History of the French Revolution. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 4th edition, Sowerwine, Charles. France since 1870: Culture, Politics, and Society, 2001

4 4 Other recommended titles: William Doyle, ed. Old Regime France, Oxford: Oxford University Press, Daniel Roche, France in the Enlightenment [1993] Harvard: Cambridge University Press, Peter McPhee, The French Revolution, Oxford: Jeremy Popkin, A History of Modern France. 3rd edition. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, Robert Tombs, France London: Longman, Assignment Timetable: I. January 14. Aftermath of Era of Louis XIV: Demography and the Peasants; The Church Colin Jones, Introduction 1-35, on Peasants , on the Church, 91-98, on Jansenism, Recommended: W. H. Lewis, The Splendid Century or Paul Sonnino, ed.the Reign of Louis XIV for a view of the French court and French institutions in the era of Louis XIV P. M. Jones (Reserve), The Peasantry in the French Revolution, pp James B. Collins, The State in Early Modern France, Cambridge, James B. Collins, A Survey of French History, volume 1 (to 1799) Wadsworth, II. January 21. Eighteenth-Century Society: Nobility and Bourgeoisie Colin Jones on nobility, on John Law, on bourgeois and economy, , Recommended: Guy Chaussinand-Nogaret, The French Nobility in the Eighteenth Century, George Taylor, "Non-Capitalist Wealth and the Origins of the French Revolution," American Historical Review 72(1967), ; classic challenge to Marxist interpretation of class struggle

5 5 III. January 28. The Enlightenment Maurice Cranston (Reserve), Philosophers and Pamphleteers, 9-35(Montesquieu), (Voltaire), (Rousseau), (Condorcet) Jones, on Encyclopedia, on institutions of Enlightenment Recommended: Surveys of Enlightenment: Roy Porter, The Enlightenment (1990) and Dorinda Outram, The Enlightenment (1995) David Williams, ed. The Enlightenment Cambridge, Documents on political thought IV. February 4. Institutional Breakdown and Coming of Revolution Jones on reform, , , Jeremy Popkin (Reserve Desk), 1-51 Recommended: For struggle with Parlements, John Rogister, for example Louis XV and the Parlement of Paris, (1995) William Doyle,Origins of the French Revolution, 3 rd ed., Oxford, Peter Campbell, ed. The Origins of the French Revolution. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, William Doyle, The French Revolution: a Very Short Introduction, Oxford, Francois Furet, The French Revolution, Steven Kaplan, Farewell Revolution: Disputed Legacies, France 1789/1989 Lynn Hunt, ed. The French Revolution and Human Rights Boston: Bedford/St. Martin s, Dale van Kley, ed. The French Idea of Freedom: The Old Regime and the Declaration of Rights of 1789 Stanford, V. February 11. Interpreting the Revolution Popkin (Reserve Desk), 52-98, Blanning, The French Revolution: Class War or Culture Clash?(whole book) Recommended: P. M. Jones, The Peasantry in the French Revolution Keith Baker, Inventing the French Revolution David Andress, French Society in Revolution, Manchester, David Andress, The Terror: The Merciless War for Freedom in Revolutionary France, London: Farrar, Strauss, Giroux, Gilbert Shapiro and John Markoff, ed. Revolutionary Demands: A Content Analysis of the Cahiers de Doléances of 1789 Stanford, 1998.

6 6 John Hardman, Robespierre: Profiles in Power, MID-TERM TEST FEBRUARY 15 VI. February 25. Consulate and Empire Connelly, The Epoch of Napoleon, 1-81, For newer works, see Geoffrey Ellis, The Napoleonic Empire and Geoffrey Ellis, Napoleon: Profiles in Power (2000); Clive Emsley, Napoleon: Conquest, Reform, and Reorganization, Pearson, Longman 2003; Martyn Lyons, Napoleon Bonaparte and the Legacy of the French Revolution or for military history, Owen Connelly, Blundering to Glory Rafe Blaufarb, ed. Napoleon, A Symbol for an Age: A Brief History with Documents Boston: Bedford/St. Martin s Press, VII. March 3. Constitutional Monarchy and Revolution as Tradition Gordon Wright, Recommended: Irene Collins (Reserve), Government and Society in France, , For the nineteenth century, see Peter McPhee, A Social History of France (1992) and Robert Tombs, France, (1996) Pamela Pilbeam, Republican Traditions in Nineteenth-Century France, (1995) Pamela Pilbeam, Constitutional Monarchy in France, (Seminar Studies, 2000) VIII. March 10. Napoleon III, Franco-Prussian War, and Paris Commune Wright, , , Recommended: James McMillan (Reserve), Napoleon III, Stewart Edwards (Reserve), ed. The Communards of Paris Sudhir Hazareesingh, From Subject to Citizen: The Second Empire and the Emergence of French Democracy, Princeton, Roger Price, Napoleon III and the Second Empire, London: Routledge, Recommended: Robert Tombs, Paris Commune, 1871, David A. Shafer, The Paris Commune: French Politics, Culture, and Society at the Crossroads of the Revolutionary Tradition and Revolutionary Socialism, New York and Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

7 7 David Wetzel (relatively pro-german) on A Duel of Giants: Bismarck, Napoleon III, and the Origins of the Franco-Prussian War. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, IX. March 17. "Affairs" of the Third Republic and Empire Wright, concentrate on , Dreyfus Affair and aftermath, Ferry on imperialism, also Required Reserve: Michael Burns, ed. France and the Dreyfus Affair Recommended: Eugen Weber, France, Fin de Siècle for culture and society Barbara Tuchman, The Proud Tower, New York, 1966, ch. 4, (colorful, though not most scholarly work on Dreyfus Affair) Eric Cahm, The Dreyfus Affair in French Society and Politics (1996) Philip Nord, The Republican Moment: Struggles for Democracy in Nineteenth-Century France Cambridge: Harvard, For imperialism, see "France, China, and Vietnam," in Ludwig Schaefer et. al. Problems in Western Civilization Charles-Robert Ageron, A History of Modern Algeria, 1830 to the present (1991 in English) Nicola Cooper, France in Indochina: Colonial Encounters New York: Berg, 2001 X. March 24. Prelude to War, First World War, and Aftermath Wright, , , For diplomacy, see works of John V. Keiger on Raymond Poincaré, for army, Allan Millett and Willliamson Murray, eds. Military Effectiveness, vol. I or Alistair Horne,The Price of Glory Leonard V. Smith, Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau, and Annette Becker, eds. France and the Great War New Approaches to European History, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, Prewar political scandal in Edward Berenson, The Trial of Madame Caillaux For 1930s, see Joel Colton on Léon Blum, Anthony Adamthwaite, Grandeur and Misery: France's Bid for Power in Europe, and Robert J. Young, France and the Origins of World War II; Eugen Weber,The Hollow Years for 1930s at home Brian Jenkins, ed., France in the Era of Fascism New York: Berghahn, J. F. V. Keiger, France and the World Since New York: Oxford, 2001.

8 8 XI. March 31. The Debacle: Collaboration and Resistance ESSAY DUE APRIL 2, 2008 Wright, Kedward (Reserve), Occupied France, 1-80 Recommended: Marc Bloch, Strange Defeat Robert J. Young, France and the Origins of the Second World War, New York: St. Martin s, Robert Paxton, Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order, ; Michael Marrus and Robert Paxton, Vichy France and the Jews; Henri Rousso, The Vichy Syndrome; John Sweets, The Politics of Resistance in France; Lucie Aubrac, Outwitting the Gestapo XII. April 7. Economic Planning and the Twilight of Empire Wright, , Recommended: Jean-Pierre Rioux, The Fourth Republic, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace Tyler Stovall, France since the Second World War London: Longman, Albert Memmi, The Colonizer and the Colonized Albert Memmi, Decolonization and the Decolonized. Translated by Robert Bononno. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, Germaine Tillion, France and Algeria: Complementary Enemies (1961) Frederick Quinn, The French Overseas Empire Neal MacMaster, Colonial Migrants and Racism: Algerians in France, New York: Macmillan, XIII. April 14. Fifth Republic: Technocracy and Grandeur Wright, Kedward (Reserve), France and the French since 1900, on immigrants and identity, , Reader on de Gaulle: Hugh Gough and John Horne, ed. De Gaulle and Twentieth Century France, Roger Absalom, ed. France: The May Events, 1968; Jean Lacouture, De Gaulle: The Rebel, and De Gaulle: The Ruler,

9 Charles G. Cogan, Charles de Gaulle, a Brief Biography withdocuments Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin s, Serge Berstein, The Republic of de Gaulle, Cambridge, Justin Vaisse's "Veiled Meaning: the French Law Banning Religious Symbols in Public Schools. Pro-government position. Debate in Trasncript_The_veil_controversy-19April2004.htm Paul Silverstein, Algeria in France. Timothy Smith, France in Crisis: Welfare, Inequality and Globalization since 1980 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,

10 10 Plagiarism Plagiarism occurs when one submits or presents one s work in a course, or ideas and/or passages in a written piece of work, as if it were one s own work done expressly for that particular course, when, in fact, it is not. As noted in the Department of History Guide to Essay Presentation, plagiarism may take several forms: a) Failure to cite sources properly may be considered plagiarism. This could include quotations, ideas, and wording used from another source but not acknowledged. b) Borrowed, purchased, and/or ghostwritten papers are considered plagiarism, as is submitting one s own work for more than one course without the permission of the instructor(s) involved. c) Extensive paraphrasing of one or a few sources is also considered plagiarism, even when notes are used, unless the essay is a critical analysis of those works. The use of notes does not justify the sustained presentation of another author s language and ideas as one s own. Plagiarism is a serious academic offence. A plagiarized paper will automatically be failed. Plagiarism may also result in a failing grade for the entire course and other penalties as noted in The University of Calgary Calendar. ACADEMIC ACCOMMODATIONS It is the student's responsibility to request academic accommodations. If you are a student with a documented disability who may require academic accommodation and have not registered with the Disability Resource Centre, please contact their office at Students who have not registered with the Disability Resource Centre are not eligible for formal academic accommodation. You are also required to discuss your needs with your instructor no later than fourteen (14) days after the start of this course.

HIS567 The Enlightenment and the French Revolution Spring 2016

HIS567 The Enlightenment and the French Revolution Spring 2016 Instructor: Paul Mazgaj Office: 2121 MHRA E-Mail: pmmazgaj@uncg.edu Office Hrs.: M & W 12:00-12:30 & 3:15-3:45 And by appointment COURSE DESCRIPTION: