Beyond the Cause: The Art and Science of Advocacy An Assessment by Alliance for Justice
|
|
- Philomena Mason
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Beynd the Cause: The Art and Science f Advcacy An Assessment by Alliance fr Justice Independent Sectr has issued an extensive new reprt, Beynd the Cause: The Art and Science f Advcacy, with the gal f identifying hw the nnprfit and philanthrpic sectr can increase its influence n public plicy and answering tw questins: 1. What appraches and strategies shape cnsistently successful advcacy effrts? 2. Hw well des the cmmunity f rganizatins currently engaged in sectr-wide advcacy perfrm? The study, cnducted in , included three surveys, mre than 100 interviews, a literature review, seven case studies and six issue analyses. An extensive descriptin f the methdlgy fr each cmpnent f the study is included in the appendices. The methdlgy indicates that senir members f the research team were respnsible fr gathering infrmatin, cnducting interviews, and preparing the case studies. Thugh the senir members f the research team are nt identified, cntributrs and cnsultants are acknwledged in the executive summary and include several Independent Sectr staff. The result is a reprt that identifies five strategic appraches t successful advcacy campaigns, as supprted by the seven case studies; extensively explres six sectr-wide issues identified by Independent Sectr as mst critical; and prvides a recmmendatin that the sectr must establish a cnvening rganizatin and ensure there are adequate resurces t supprt investments in the type f functins and relatinships nted in this study. As nted in the Huffingtn Pst by NCRP President Aarn Drfman The unstated implicatin is that Independent Sectr shuld be that rganizatin. There are sme imprtant weaknesses in the reprt that undercut its effectiveness, particularly when cnclusins and recmmendatins dn t match the evidence the reprt itself presents. The study cmes at an imprtant time in the histry f the nnprfit sectr and the natin. Nnprfits play an essential rle in American demcracy, and ften represent peple wh have a limited vice in the plicy prcess. The sectr generates innvatin -- bth thrugh its prgrams and research -- that mves us clser t slving pressing prblems. Nnprfits play an invaluable rle in bringing a diverse set f perspectives t the plicy-making table. Many nnprfits play a singular rle in influencing public plicy because they represent cmmunities, bth in terms f gegraphy and issue fcus, and are an essential cunterweight t ther frces in the demcratic prcess, such as well-funded special interests. Regrettably, the imprtant cntributin this study culd play in enhancing the rle and effectiveness f nnprfit grups is undercut, in part, by its flawed and ambiguus methdlgy and the nature f its cnclusins, which are divrced frm the evidence its wn research presents. Our analysis fllws.
2 * * * Analysis 1: AFJ believes that the central factr in the success f nnprfit advcacy is the presence f sustained, lng-term funding fr grups and mvements, a principle reinfrced, in fact, by many f the findings f the reprt. Regrettably, the reprt misses an pprtunity t call fr increased supprt fr n-the-grund advcacy effrts, and instead fcuses n raising large amunts t fund sectr-wide plicy wrk at the natinal level. The first prtin f the reprt, which details the essentials f successful advcacy, implicitly reinfrces the case lng made by AFJ and many ther grups that advcacy in all its frms must be significantly accelerated at the natinal, state, and lcal levels by nnprfits f all sizes in whatever issue areas are imprtant t them. It then details sme effective, and familiar, strategies fr cnducting lbbying and ther plicy-related activities. While it presents ne view f successful advcacy, the strategies identified cannt be seen as cmprehensive. Althugh the case studies used by the study s authrs t infrm their cnclusins are nt representative f mst 501(c)(3) advcacy effrts, this prtin f the reprt serves as a valuable recapitulatin f sme well-established principles and serves as a call t actin by nnprfits and a call fr supprt frm funding partners. Hwever, we believe that the cnclusin f the secnd part f the reprt, which recmmends $20 millin dllars be directed t certain administrative, sectr-wide prblems, is misguided. There is a desperate need fr philanthrpic investment in nnprfits that advcate fr scial justice issues. T suggest, in this envirnment, that allcating $20 millin ver fur years s nnprfits can advcate fr their wn needs instead f the needs f thse they serve is uncnstructive. Mrever, this recmmendatin desn t seem t be distilled frm the findings in the reprt. The study suggests that rganizatins shuld cmmit t lng-term gals and planning ut years. This type f cmmitment is impssible withut adequate and sustained funding. The study fails t address the challenges f securing the type f funding that makes this pssible and des nt call upn the philanthrpic sectr t change its funding mdel. As an example, the study pints t Americans fr Tax Refrm as a mdel f a laser-like fcus a fcus ne culd argue they were able t maintain frm years f general supprt. The reprt als suggests that rganizatins shuld priritize laying a fundatin, investing in research and building relatinships but des nt indicate that this takes time and mney, and again, fails t address the challenges f securing the type f funding that makes this pssible. In times f state budget-cutting and vastly increased need by the mst vulnerable in ur sciety, nnprfits are ding mre with less. As ther research has shwn, particularly the highly regarded Strengthening Nnprfit Advcacy Prject (SNAP), and AFJ s experience and research, the crrect cnclusin wuld be a call fr grant makers t make multi-year general-supprt grants t nnprfits, t recgnize that success is incremental nt instantaneus, and t stick with that investment fr the lng-term. Further, helping small and mid-sized nnprfits better understand the best practices utlined in the reprt, and build capacity t implement them, wuld als be a prductive use f funding f the magnitude suggested by the reprt s authrs. 2
3 As we have learned, and as the case studies demnstrate, anther key ingredient fr successful advcacy is the need t be able t participate in all types f advcacy in all arenas f ur demcratic system. All but ne f the case studies highlight advcacy by nn-501(c)(3) rganizatins. 501(c)(4)s and fr-prfit crpratins (and their affiliated PACs) can engage in certain types f plitical activity ff-limits t 501(c)(3)s. Just as many rganizatins wrking tgether are needed t make change, ften the different types f players can emply effective strategies when wrking tgether. Analysis 2: AFJ fully supprts the reprt s findings that the sectr is strnger when it wrks tgether, but the issues identified by the reprt as requiring sectr-wide actin were nt based n widespread cnsensus nr are they the mst likely t be thse tackled by either the IRS r Cngress in the freseeable future. The study identifies six pressing issues affecting the sectr: changes t IRS Frm 990 and 990- PF; Advcacy and Lbbying rules f Public Charities and Private Fundatins; the Charitable Tax Deductin; Nnprfit Tax Exemptin; Gvernment-Funded Research n the Nnprfit Cmmunity; and Gvernment-Nnprfit Cntracting. This issue set is an dd mix at best. The larger issue set presented in Appendix B nly cnfunds the reader further. One can nly imply that this cluster f issues is the ne that Independent Sectr itself sees as mst relevant t the sectr. We wuld welcme clarificatin f the ratinale fr these chices. Further, the issues selected are at dds with cmmn wisdm abut the prspects fr actin n tax r nnprfit refrm in the next Cngress, and ignres several issues that are likely t emerge. The reprt indicates that the six sectr-wide issues were chsen by a very small grup f respndents, and shws n evidence f having emerged frm a brad-based survey f nnprfits r plicy experts. It is particularly unfrtunate that the issue set being prmted des nt reflect the reality f the significant pressures and cntrversies being faced by the nnprfit sectr during this electin cycle, many f which have a far greater chance f becming plicy issues requiring sectr respnse than many f the matters currently highlighted. The study s wn cnclusins indicate there is little chance fr success n mst f them. The prbable futility f the recmmended apprach is nt surprising since the sectr is nt mnlithic, particularly if the diversity f the sectr is analyzed. Fr example: If yu ask 501(c)(6)s prfessinal and trade assciatins what they see as the mst pressing issue facing the sectr, they might say restrictins n federal emplyees attending meetings and cnferences. If yu ask 501(c)(4)s scial welfare rganizatins what they see as the mst pressing issue facing the sectr, they might say defining the scpe f primary purpse. 3
4 If yu ask public charities ne type f 501(c)(3) what they see as the mst pressing issue facing the sectr, yu might get a very different answer depending n the size f the rganizatin, its missin and gegraphic lcatin. Larger charities, like hspitals and universities, may, in fact be very cncerned abut threats t the charitable deductin, whereas, smaller charities like lcal fd banks and hmeless shelters may be mre cncerned abut restrictins n use f gvernment-granted funds. If yu ask private fundatins anther type f 501(c)(3) what they see as the mst pressing issue facing their sectr, they might say expanding the IRA charitable rllver. The reality f the wide variety f nnprfit rganizatins wrking at natinal, reginal, and lcal levels, and their equally varied interests and pririties, is masked in the reprt by an inapprpriate reliance n a narrw slice f the sectr fr the interviews and surveys. A fuller examinatin f the sectr wuld almst certainly lead t a cnclusin abut sectr leadership and funding significantly different frm the ne drawn by the reprt s authrs. Analysis 3: AFJ, which serves as a majr natinal resurce n nnprfit advcacy law and regulatin, is very pleased by the reprt s fcus n the need fr increased activity thrughut the sectr. Unfrtunately, the text includes sme significant misstatements f fact which may nly serve t reinfrce the widespread cnfusin which plagues the nnprfit cmmunity abut what kinds f lbbying and plitical wrk are permitted. In its discussin f advcacy, the reprt highlights the imprtance f the legal rules and hw they are perceived and understd by rganizatins. Sme aspects f the law are subject t legal interpretatin and experienced tax and electin lawyers may disagree n the interpretatin. While we may nt agree with hw all the statements f law and plicy in the reprt are characterized, there are sme significant legal inaccuracies that require crrectin. Appendix A, a chart describing Rules Gverning Nnprfit Lbbying and Plitical Activity, cntains sme factual errrs. In particular, The chart says mistakenly says that Electineering Cmmunicatins are prhibited fr 501(c)(3) rganizatins. In fact, 501(c)(3) rganizatins can engage in electineering cmmunicatins. The prhibitin n crpratins including 501(c)(3)s, 501(c)(4)s, 501(c)(5)s, and 501(c)(6)s engaging in electineering cmmunicatins was struck dwn by FEC v. Wiscnsin Right t Life, 551 U.S. 449 (2007). An electineering cmmunicatin is defined as: any bradcast, cable, r satellite cmmunicatin that refers t a clearly identified candidate fr Federal ffice and is made within 30 days f a primary r 60 days f a general electin. Electineering cmmunicatins culd include grassrts lbbying ads r even public service annuncements that refer t a plicymaker wh happens t be up fr re-electin. 4
5 The definitin f Electineering Activity, gives the cnfusing impressin that 501(c)(3) rganizatins may nt participate in a number f activities that are actually allwable. Fr example, ftnte 3 states that electineering activity is [d]efined bradly by the IRS as plitical activity designed t influence the selectin f any individual t federal, state, r lcal ffice, including issue advcacy, ads, plling, get-utthe-vte activities, etc. This definitin is simply inaccurate. While 501(c)(3) rganizatins cannt supprt r ppse candidates fr public ffice, they may indeed weigh in n executive branch nminatins, as well as nnpartisan plling, get-ut-thevte activities, and issue advcacy, all subject t certain rules. The chart states that, regarding 501(c)(4)s, 501(c)(5)s, and 501(c)(6)s, Expenditures fr electineering activities are tax-exempt. Hwever, Sectin 527(f) f the Internal Revenue Cde specifically impses a tax n expenditures by exempt rganizatins fr an exempt functin, which is defined as influencing r attempting t influence the selectin, nminatin, electin, r appintment f any individual t any Federal, State, r lcal public ffice r ffice in a plitical rganizatin, r the electin f Presidential r Vice-Presidential electrs, whether r nt such individual r electrs are selected, nminated, elected, r appinted. 527(e)(2). The definitin f exempt functin is mre narrw than hw the reprt defines electineering activities. As t express advcacy fr 501(c)(4)s, 501(c)(5)s, and 501(c)(6)s, the chart says it is Permitted, but must be registered as limited independent expenditures. Under federal tax law, express advcacy cannt be the rganizatin s primary purpse and under federal electin law, express advcacy must be cnducted independently f a candidate r campaign (with sme exceptins). There is n registratin requirement, althugh rganizatins engaging in express advcacy must cmply with reprting and disclaimer rules. As t electineering cmmunicatins fr 501(c)(4)s, 501(c)(5)s, and 501(c)(6)s, the chart says they are Permitted, but must be registered as limited electineering cmmunicatins. There is n registratin requirement, althugh rganizatins engaging in express advcacy must cmply with reprting and disclaimer rules. In additin t the errrs in Appendix A, there are several ther misleading cmments: The reprt mits that private fundatins may attempt t influence legislatin thrugh technical advice r assistance t a gvernmental bdy r nnpartisan analysis, study, r research. 4945(e). These exceptins t the definitin f lbbying apply alng with the self-defense exceptin mentined in the reprt. The reprt (n page 165) perpetuates the miscnceptin abut the hlding f Citizens United. The reprt states that the Supreme Curt decisin in Citizens United v. Federal Electin Cmmissin, which gave fr-prfit crpratins, individuals, and unins the ability t make unlimited cntributins t Super PACs and 501(c)(4) scial welfare rganizatins fr partisan plitical activity. At the time f the decisins, Super PACs hadn t yet been created and mre imprtantly, the decisin als gave all crpratins fr-prfit and nnprfit the ability t make unlimited independent expenditures. In fact, Citizens United, the plaintiff in the case, is a 501(c)(4). And, the decisin itself had n impact n the rules fr individuals. 5
6 Analysis 4: The reprt serves the laudable purpse f reinvigrating the natinal cnversatin abut the vital rle nnprfits play in ur demcratic prcess, but describes the sectr in incnsistent, cnfusing ways. The purpse f this prject is cmmendable, but any study f this nature shuld embdy the fundamental values f the sectr as defined in the bradest sense. This incredibly diverse sectr includes grups that, amng ther characteristics, are natinal, reginal, and lcal; large and small; prgressive, cnservative, and nn-idelgical; staff-run and vlunteer-driven; and 501(c)(3)s and 501(c)(4)s. In an effrt t simplify the sectr, the reprt and the nline vide that accmpanies it t ften cnflate the nnprfit cmmunity beynd recgnitin. The nnprfit sectr is nt synnymus with the charitable sectr, as the reprt infers. Additinally, while Part II f the reprt purprts t be abut the charitable sectr, mst f the case examples in Part I are nt in fact f charities, but instead scial welfare grups which are tax exempt under sectin 501(c)(4) f the tax cde r are fr-prfit crpratins. The discnnect between the case studies f successful advcacy mst f which are (c)(4)s and the discussin f the key sectr-wide issues, is made even mre cnfusing by Ftnte 3 n page 111, which says This paper uses the term charitable and nnprfit interchangeably. If that s the case, the authrs are saying the issue set they are tuting is nly applicable t 501(c)(3)s, which are thse defined in the law as charitable. Assuming this is the meaning f the ftnte, ne might questin why Sectin I f the reprt setting up the value f advcacy disprprtinately fcuses n an entirely different kind f nnprfit than that used t justify the $20 millin recmmendatin. In rder t prperly analyze the sectr and draw meaningful cnclusins, it is imprtant t be clear abut which grups are included and t prvide straightfrward and accurate descriptins f the rules that gvern them. Fr example, the reprt s and vide s discussins f the effects n Citizens United misrepresent the effect n the 501(c)(4)wrld (page 165) and the Issue Paper n Advcacy and Lbbying Rules fr Charities and Private Fundatins addresses many issues related t scial welfare rganizatins, which are neither charities nr private fundatins. T supprt its thesis f what makes fr successful advcacy, the study includes seven case studies f rganizatins: Tw large, well-funded natinal 501(c)(4) rganizatins (Human Rights Campaign and Americans fr Tax Refrm); ne multinatinal crpratin (General Electric); and fur calitin effrts (including ne that was led by Independent Sectr, that serves as the nly example invlving (c)(3) leadership). Regrettably, the reprt relies t heavily n the experience f large 501(c)(4) rganizatins, which ignres the bulk f the sectr s 501(c)(3) advcacy wrk, and cnfuses the already ftenmisunderstd difference between (c)(3) and (c)(4) entities. The selectin f General Electric amng the case studies als strikes us as puzzling since the experience f a multinatinal crpratin wuld seem t have very little in cmmn with mst nnprfit rganizatins. 6
7 While the case studies are interesting, the strategies and tactics emplyed by the prfiled rganizatins and calitins may nt be viable fr mst nnprfits. All f the case studies fcused n successful, well-funded advcacy prgrams at the federal level. Mst nnprfits d nt have the benefit f the kinds f financial, legal, structural, staff, and bard resurces that the prfiled rganizatins enjy. This fcus thrughut the reprt n large, natinal rganizatins is an inherent flaw in the study, and creates a bias that, nt surprisingly, translates int cnclusins favring natinal slutins undertaken by large institutins. In additin, we believe that there is limited value in prfiling individual grups, since rarely is success in an issue attributable t ne single rganizatin. A better mdel wuld be t prfile a successful issue utcme and then detail the brad-based mvement that made it pssible. Analysis 5: We agree that establishing and mbilizing a brad-based calitin can be a valuable advcacy strategy, but the reprt s puzzling cnclusin that a single grup shuld take primary respnsibility fr managing sectr plicy and advcacy is nt supprted by the evidence presented. The reprt presents clear evidence abut the lack f desire--even amng thse entities interviewed fr the reprt--fr a central crdinating bdy t lead all natinal advcacy effrts related t sectr-wide issues, and then, incngruusly, urges supprt fr a $20 millin, fur-year prject that it infers shuld be led by the reprt s spnsr itself. Virtually every finding in the text belies the startling cnclusin that it is necessary t spend $20 millin t supprt a single rganizatin s effrts t prtect the interests f the nnprfit sectr. The reprt ignres its wn evidence which says that there is virtually n appetite fr unified actin and certainly n willingness t anint ne rganizatin as the recipient f such a large amunt f funding. As the reprt itself states, Interviewees nted a number f bstacles that leaders must vercme in rder t be effective n sectr-wide issues. These include significant differences in the interests and idelgical perspectives f sectr rganizatins, lack f trust, and incentives t differentiate rather than jin with ther rganizatins. If this finding is crrect, it wuld seem cunterprductive t set up a scenari where a leader wuld be aninted with n prspect f fllwers. If there is t be a central fcus fr the sectr, and if there is agreement abut what cmprises the sectr, a prcess wuld have t be established f cnvening sectr grups t discuss issues, set pririties and then engage in a cllabrative strategy t prceed. The questin is whether nw is a prpitius time fr that wrk t happen given the enrmus budgetary and plicy stresses currently facing many cmmunities. 7
8 Cnclusin The title f the reprt, Beynd the Cause, embdies its fundamental flaws. The cause can never be separated frm the wrk f nnprfit grups, either individually r cllectively. By definitin, there is nthing beynd the cause fr the grups serving the public gd. This study seems t ignre its wn evidence that nnprfits are imprtant actrs in ur demcratic system, desperately in need f lng-term, sustained supprt fr their advcacy effrts by making recmmendatins that culd ptentially divert significant resurces t a single rganizatin that wuld be charged with managing the unmanageable. Althugh it is certainly true that there are many sectr-wide issues that require attentin in rder t prtect the legal and administrative infrastructure n which the sectr rests, the set described in this reprt seems deficient. Nr d the reprt s cnclusins abut funding a single grup t pursue them match its wn findings, let alne any cmmn-sense analysis f the nnprfit cmmunity. We believe leadership will cme, as it has cme, frm many surces, and the interests f the sectr will certainly be defended thrugh calitins that reflect the fundamental nature f the extrardinarily diverse nnprfit wrld. We are extremely happy that attentin is being paid t nnprfit advcacy at this crucial time in ur natin s life. A reprt f this nature culdn t cme at a better time, and there is much f value in its research. But the errneus cnclusins it reaches are inimical t enhancing the pwer f nnprfit rganizatins t shape public plicy and advance the causes t which thse grups are devted. 8
EUROPEAN REFUGEE CRISIS
EUROPEAN REFUGEE CRISIS DATA, TECHNOLOGY & COORDINATION BRIEFING NOTE On Nvember 4, 2015, the Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI) brught tgether representatives f a range f rganizatins wrking t address
More informationINTERNATIONAL TRADE AND CLIMATE CHANGE
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY STATEMENT Key messages: The trade and climate change plicy regimes must be aligned and integrated t achieve the gals f the Paris Agreement and t advance internatinal
More informationCommunicating with Mainers on Climate Change
Cmmunicating with Mainers n Climate Change Tyler Kidder Cmmunity Outreach Directr, GrwSmart Maine & Lcal Trainer Based n Research Cnducted by Gdwin Simn Strategic Research n behalf f the Maine Climate
More informationGuardianship & Conservatorship In Virginia
Guardianship & Cnservatrship In Virginia This bklet is prduced by the Virginia Guardianship Assciatin in cperatin with the Virginia Center n Aging the Virginia Calitin fr the Preventin f Elder Abuse &
More informationUnit #2: American Political Ideologies and Beliefs AP US Government & Politics Mr. Coia
Unit #2: American Plitical Idelgies and Beliefs AP US Gvernment & Plitics Mr. Cia Name: Date: Perid: Thurs 10/18 Learning bjective: MPA-A: Explain the relatinship between cre beliefs f U.S. citizens and
More informationWATERLOO REGION LOCAL IMMIGRATION PARTNERSHIP COUNCIL (LIPC)
WATERLOO REGION LOCAL IMMIGRATION PARTNERSHIP COUNCIL (LIPC) FINAL REPORT (April 2010) LIPC Lead Cmmunity Partners LIPC Funder 1 WATERLOO REGION LOCAL IMMIGRATION PARTNERSHIP COUNCIL FINAL REPORT APRIL
More informationRefugee Council response to the 21 st Century Welfare consultation
Refugee Cuncil respnse t the 21 st Century Welfare cnsultatin Octber 2010 Abut the Refugee Cuncil The Refugee Cuncil is a human rights charity, independent f gvernment, which wrks t ensure that refugees
More information- Problems with e-filing, especially for people from lower-income backgrounds. - Receiving memos / communication from one side and not the other
State Curt Training Mediatin: Beynd the Basics Jhn Lande and Susan M. Yates Nvember 3, 2017 Linked frm Stne Sup: Takeaways Frm New Hampshire Mediatin Training Mediatins frm Hell - Prblems with e-filing,
More informationActivities: Teacher lecture (background information and lecture outline provided); class participation activity.
Curts in the Cmmunity Clrad Judicial Branch Office f the State Curt Administratr Lessn: Hw the Appellate Prcess Wrks Objective: Understand what happens t a case when it leaves the trial curts. (Clrad Mdel
More informationSteps to Organize a CNU Chapter Congress for the New Urbanism
Steps t Organize a CNU Chapter Cngress fr the New Urbanism 140 S. Dearbrn St., Ste. 404 Chicag, IL 60603 Phne: 312.551.7300 Fax: 312.346.3323 Email: chapters@cnu.rg Intrductin The Cngress fr the New Urbanism
More informationCAMPAIGN REGISTRATION STATEMENT STATE OF WISCONSIN ETHCF-1
CAMPAIGN REGISTRATION STATEMENT STATE OF WISCONSIN ETHCF-1 FOR OFFICE USE ONLY IF A CANDIDATE DOES NOT FILE THIS STATEMENT BY THE DEADLINE FOR FILING NOMINATION PAPERS, THE CANDIDATE S NAME WILL NOT BE
More informationCJS 220. The Court System. Version 2 08/06/07 CJS 220
CJS 220 The Curt System Versin 2 08/06/07 CJS 220 CJS 220 The Curt System Prgram Cuncil The Academic Prgram Cuncils fr each cllege versee the design and develpment f all University f Phenix curricula.
More informationTropical Forest Alliance 2020 Overview and Frequently Asked Questions
Trpical Frest Alliance 2020 Overview and Frequently Asked Questins Belw is infrmatin abut TFA 2020 drawn frm current versins f the TFA 2020 Strategy dcument, Gvernance dcument, website and ther crrespndence.
More informationMeasuring Public Opinion
Measuring Public Opinin We all d n end f feeling and we mistake it fr thinking. And ut f it we get an aggregatin which we cnsider a bn. Its name is public pinin. It is held in reverence. It settles everything.
More informationFDP MEETING REPORT/SUMMARY. Session Info. Activities/Outcomes/ The newly established steering committee was formulated and has been Progress to Date
Online Web Frm Sectin Name Sessin Inf Sessin Name FDP Expanded Clearinghuse Date September 6, 2018 Pint f Cntact Lynette Arias and Pamela Webb Wrking Grup Pst-pilt summary status Activities/Outcmes/ The
More informationGun Owners Action League. Massachusetts Candidate Questionnaire. Name: Election Date: Office Sought: District: Mailing Address: Party Affiliation:
Gun Owners Actin League Massachusetts Candidate Questinnaire Name: Electin Date: Office Sught: District: Mailing Address: Party Affiliatin: City: Zip: Campaign Phne: Campaign e-mail: Website: OCPF#: Campaign
More informationOXON CHURCH OF ENGLAND PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLAINTS POLICY
OXON CHURCH OF ENGLAND PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLAINTS POLICY HOW TO RAISE A CONCERN INFORMAL STAGE Class teachers are the usual first pint f cntact fr any cncerns. Mst cncerns are reslved infrmally thrugh cnversatins
More informationFindings from the Federal, State, and Tribal Response to Violence Against Women in Indian Country Studies
Findings frm the Federal, State, and Tribal Respnse t Vilence Against Wmen in Indian Cuntry Studies Alisn Brks Martin Pstdctral Research Assciate Natinal Institute f Justice 14 th Indian Natins Cnference
More informationThe Judicial Branch. I. The Structure of the Judicial Branch: *U.S. Supreme Court
I. The Structure f the Judicial Branch: The judicial pwer f the United States, shall be vested in ne Supreme Curt, and in such inferir curts as the Cngress may frm time t time rdain and establish. The
More information3. Recruit at least one other person to help you with registration and other tasks on Caucus night.
2018 Precinct Caucus Cnvenr/Chair Instructins Preparatin Befre Caucus Night 1. Attend Cnvenr training in persn r nline. 2. Review all materials in the Caucus packet. 3. Recruit at least ne ther persn t
More informationGiving in Europe. The state of research on giving in 20 European countries. Barry Hoolwerf and Theo Schuyt (eds.)
Giving in Eurpe The state f research n giving in 20 Eurpean cuntries Barry Hlwerf and The Schuyt (eds.) Bequests Fundatins Charity ltteries Husehlds Crpratins Research n Giving in Hungary The state f research
More informationInterest Groups in the American Democracy Part I. Who is in charge? Is it taxpayers or is it the special interest groups?
Interest Grups in the American Demcracy Part I Wh is in charge? Is it taxpayers r is it the special interest grups? Sctt Walker What is an Interest Grup?...an rganized grup that tries t influence public
More informationRole Play Magistrate Court Hearings Teacher information
Rle Play Magistrate Curt Hearings Teacher infrmatin These ntes are prvided s that teachers can guide students thrugh preparatry activities befre presenting a rle play at the Law Curts Cnnecting t the curriculum
More informationA model-based framework for measurement of resettlement outcomes in Ontario
A mdel-based framewrk fr measurement f resettlement utcmes in Ontari 1 CONTEXT Ontari has been a Canadian leader at the frefrnt f natinal effrts t resettle the Syrian refugee chrt. Between Nvember 2015
More informationCOMPILATION OF SECRETARY-GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON WOMEN, PEACE AND SECURITY RELEVANT TO PEACE OPERATIONS ( )
Inputs fr the High-Level Independent Panel n Peace Operatins SG recmmendatins n wmen, peace and security relevant t peace peratins (2002-2014) - UN Wmen 2015 COMPILATION OF SECRETARY-GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
More informationKey YWCA USA. What Women Want 2012: A YWCA USA National Survey of Priorities and Concerns. Summary of Findings from a Survey among Adult Women
Key YWCA USA What Wmen Want 2012: A YWCA USA Natinal Survey f Pririties and Cncerns Summary f Findings frm a Survey amng Adult Wmen September 2012 YWCA 2 Key Findings While cnventinal wisdm suggests that
More informationREGISTERED STUDENT ORGANIZATION LEADERSHIP TEAM Drafted on: April 25, 2013
Cnstitutin Guide G E O R G E M A S O N U N I V E R S I T Y Student Invlvement The fllwing is an example f an RSO Cnstitutin. Nt all infrmatin in the belw dcument is representative f the RSO Leadership
More informationHatch Act: Who is Covered?
Frm the fllwing Hatch Act infrmatin are excerpts frm the fllwing surce: U.S. OFFICE OF SPECIAL COUNSEL 1730 M Street N.W., Suite 218, Washingtn D.C. 20036-4505 www.sc.gv http://www.sc.gv/hatchact.htm April
More informationIf at all possible, it is strongly recommended that you get advice from a lawyer to help you with this application.
BACKGROUNDER What are my ptins frm here? If yu have been denied Legal Aid and cannt affrd t pay fr a lawyer, there is anther ptin. Yu can apply t the Nva Sctia Prvincial Curt t ask fr a lawyer wh will
More informationCAR. Message. efforts to. is carried. It provides. Fifth Tradition. o o. out the group. o o o o. or to make a
2012 CAR 57 The Grup Supprt Unit Carrying the Message Grup fcused: The grup supprt unit (GSU)) fcuses n effrts t carry ur message. aiding the grups in their The primary purpse f an NA grup is t carry the
More informationWisconsin Lobbying Disclosure
Wiscnsin Lbbying Disclsure These resurces are current as f 11/21/18. We d ur best t peridically update these resurces and welcme any cmments r questins regarding new develpments in the law. Please email
More informationRefugees and asylum seekers: developing local services and responses. Karen Mellanby Director of Networks and Communities Mind
Refugees and asylum seekers: develping lcal services and respnses Karen Mellanby Directr f Netwrks and Cmmunities Mind Service develpment fr vulnerable migrants Our definitin: Thse adversely affected
More informationDear Mr./Ms. President... Stephen Arbogast, The National Cathedral School, Washington, DC
Religius Wrlds f New Yrk Curriculum Develpment Prject Dear Mr./Ms. President... Stephen Arbgast, The Natinal Cathedral Schl, Washingtn, DC Abstract This assignment is the cumulative written assessment
More informationIEEE Tellers Committee Operations Manual
IEEE Tellers Cmmittee Operatins Manual IEEE 445 Hes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA Apprved by the IEEE Bard f Directrs Updated in June 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I - RESPONSIBILITIES... 3 FUNCTIONS
More informationACI-NA Commercial Management Committee Participation Plan Last Updated: September 2018
Participatin Plan ACI-NA Cmmercial Management Cmmittee Participatin Plan Last Updated: September 2018 Cmmittee Name: Purpse: ACI-NA Cmmercial Management Cmmittee T share ideas and exchange infrmatin amng
More informationIndigenous Consultation in Environmental Assessment Processes
Ministry f the Envirnment and Climate Change Indigenus Cnsultatin in Envirnmental Assessment Prcesses Ontari Assciatin fr Impact Assessment Octber 17, 2017 Why cnsult with Indigenus cmmunities during an
More informationCAPIC Submission on Part 16: Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (IRPR)
2017 CAPIC Submissin n Part 16: Immigratin and Refugee Prtectin Regulatins (IRPR) CAPIC SUBMISSION-PART 16: IMMIGRATION AND REFUGEE PROTECTION REGULATIONS (IRPR) Cntents Intrductin... 2 Preamble... 2 Opinin/Input
More informationORGANIZING A LEGAL DISCUSSION (IRAC, CRAC, ETC.)
ORGANIZING A LEGAL DISCUSSION (IRAC, CRAC, ETC.) Intrductin The rganizatin f yur writing will determine whether r nt a reader will understand and be persuaded by yur argument. Brilliant rhetric will nly
More informationInternational innovation-related communities in Finland
Internatinal innvatin-related cmmunities in Finland EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (Fr cmments 12.12.2013) What kind f innvatin related cmmunities there are in Finland with ptential t fster the integratin f freign
More informationAlternative Measures for Adult Offenders ALT 1. March 1, 2018 CHA 1 CHI 1 CRI 1 FIR 1 HAT 1 IPV 1 SEX 1
Plicy: Alternative Measures fr Adult Offenders Plicy Cde: Effective Date: Crss-references: ALT 1 March 1, 2018 CHA 1 CHI 1 CRI 1 FIR 1 HAT 1 IPV 1 SEX 1 Sectin 717(1) f the Criminal Cde prvides in part
More informationRESOURCES FOR IMMIGRANT AND REFUGEE PROFESSIONALS
RESOURCES FOR IMMIGRANT AND REFUGEE PROFESSIONALS AND IMMIGRANT SERVING ORGANIZATIONS (APRIL 2014) Prfessinal Licensing and Career Pathways Licensing Requirements fr Engineers and Healthcare Prfessins
More informationCBA Response to Private Prosecuting Association Consultation entitled. Private Prosecutions Consultation. 6 th March 2019
CBA Respnse t Private Prsecuting Assciatin Cnsultatin entitled Private Prsecutins Cnsultatin 6 th March 2019 Intrductin 1. The CBA represents the views and interests f practising members f the criminal
More informationGUIDELINES FOR GRANT APPLICATION FOR TEMPORARY RELOCATION
TOGETHER WITH HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS WORLDWIDE FOR TEMPORARY RELOCATION 1. Eligibility Criteria 1.1. Wh can apply? Applicatins received shuld be made by r n behalf f a specific Human Rights Defender in
More information2012 CORE COURSE PROPOSAL REVIEW APPENDIX A AMERICAN HISTORY COMPONENT
2012 CORE COURSE PROPOSAL REVIEW APPENDIX A AMERICAN HISTORY COMPONENT Name: Curse Prefix # & Title: TCCN identified fr curse Yes N Curse scheduled X semesters per year 3 2 1 < 1 per AY 1. Rate each criterin
More informationPaul Tacon Social Affairs Officer, Social Development Division, United Nations ESCAP
Paul Tacn Scial Affairs Officer, Scial Develpment Divisin, United Natins ESCAP Paul Tacn is a Scial Affairs Officer at the United Natins Ecnmic and Scial Cmmissin fr Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), where
More informationBob Simpson: Director of Intergovernmental Relations, Inuvialuit Regional Corp.
Bb Simpsn: Directr f Intergvernmental Relatins, Inuvialuit Reginal Crp. The Inuvialuit Arbitratin Prcess It is very unique the nly example f binding arbitratin in a land claim agreement; ther land claims
More informationPRE-ELECTION NATIONAL SURVEY KEY FINDINGS, INDONESIA
PRE-ELECTION NATIONAL SURVEY KEY FINDINGS, INDONESIA March 2014 Funding fr this survey was prvided by the United States Agency fr Internatinal Develpment. I F E S 2 5 Y E A R S LECTORAL SYSTEMS EINTERNATIONAL
More informationINFORMATION ON THE SELECTION PROCESS OF JUDGES AT THE UNIFIED PATENT COURT
INFORMATION ON THE SELECTION PROCESS OF JUDGES AT THE UNIFIED PATENT COURT Please read carefully the infrmatin n the selectin prcess f Unified Patent Curt (UPC) judges, the eligibility criteria, as well
More informationImpact of Proffer Legislation Changes
Impact f Prffer Legislatin Changes General Infrmatin n New Statute VA Cde Sectin 5.2-2303.4 Senate Bill (SB) 549 206 Sessin Reprt Senate Bill (SB) 549 New Prffer Legislatin (Handut) Slide 9 & 0 frm Schl
More informationFebruary 6, Interview with WILLIAM J. BAROODY,.JR. William A. Syers Political Scientist and Deputy Director House Republican Policy Committee
B # f c% Interview with WILLIAM J. BARDY,.JR. by William A. Syers Plitical Scientist and Deputy Directr Huse Republican Plicy Cmmittee ~ c;" n February 6, 1985 i TRANSCRIPT F AN INTERVIEW WITH WILLIAM
More informationMulticultural Youth Advocacy Network (MYAN) Federal Election Policy Platform 2013
Multicultural Yuth Advcacy Netwrk (MYAN) Federal Electin Plicy Platfrm 2013 The MYAN is the natinally recgnised plicy and advcacy bdy representing multicultural yuth issues. This electin plicy platfrm
More informationti' ; ~ ~djj 2 December 2016 Excellency,
ti' ; ~ ~djj ~ THE PRESIDENT OFTHE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 2 December 2016 Excellency, I have the hnur t transmit herewith a letter, dated 2 December, 2016 frm the Advisers f the cnsultatin prcess cncerning the
More informationAP US Government Chapter 12
AP US Gvernment Chapter 12 The Representatives and Senatrs The jb Salary f $174,000 (2014) with retirement benefits Office space in DC and at hme with staff Travel allwances and franking privileges (ability
More informationInterAction Refugee Policy Working Group Reaction to Zero Draft of the Global Compact on Refugees
InterActin Refugee Plicy Wrking Grup Reactin t Zer Draft f the Glbal Cmpact n Refugees The New Yrk Declaratin was instrumental in recmmitting Member States t glbal refugee prtectin and establishing an
More informationBRANDEIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY SENATE MEETING
Psted 9/26/16 with apprval by Faculty Senate Cuncil BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY FACULTY SENATE MEETING 1 2016-2017 MEETING MINUTES AGENDA Friday, September 9, 2016 12:30 PM 1:30 PM Trustees Bard Rm, Irving Presidential
More informationCh nook Aboriginal Management Certificate Program (AMP) 2015 Application Form
Ch nk Abriginal Management Certificate Prgram (AMP) 2015 Applicatin Frm Abriginal entrepreneurs are the key t building a healthy ecnmy bth n and ff reserve. The Abriginal Management Certificate Prgram
More informationPrinted copies are for reference only. Please refer to the electronic copy in Scouts.ca for the latest version.
Prcedure Title: Temprary Suspensin and Discipline Prcedure Number: 13020.1 Dcument Owner: Directr f Child and Yuth Safety Apprval Date: Nvember 13, 2013 Apprver: Natinal Leadership Team Related Plicy:
More informationSubjective intent is too slippery:
Scalia - Cmmn-Law Curts in a Civil Law System Lecture 1: Scalia begins by examining what he calls the cmmn law attitude. Lawyers are trained up in the traditin f cmmn law, distinguishing between cases
More information7.0 Eagle/Cloverdale Alignment
Final Reprt September 2009 Suthwest Bise Transprtatin Study Page 39 7.0 Eagle/Clverdale Alignment CIM calls fr a cntinuus nrth suth rute between Kuna Mra Rad and the Eagle Rad/I 84 interchange. While CIM
More informationRecording Secretary Participant Workbook Facilitators: Colin Treanor (UConn 2014) Jake Lueck (Kansas 2017)
The Fraternity f Phi Gamma Delta Internatinal Headquarters P. O. Bx 4599 1201 Red Mile Rad Lexingtn, KY 40544 www.phigam.rg Recrding Secretary Participant Wrkbk Facilitatrs: Clin Treanr (UCnn 2014) ctreanr@phigam.rg
More informationCARL Backgrounder on the New Citizenship Act (formerly Bill C-24) INTRODUCTION
Primary Authr: Aris Daghighian CARL Backgrunder n the New Citizenship Act (frmerly Bill C-24) INTRODUCTION The Stephen Harper Cnservative gvernment s Bill C-24 amending the Citizenship Act is nw law, having
More informationDEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY I $5,461 - $7,410/Month
and a Drug-Free Wrkplace The Cunty f Mnterey Invites yur interest fr the psitin f DEPUTY DISTRICT ATTORNEY I $5,461 - $7,410/Mnth OPEN UNTIL FILLED PRIORITY SCREENING DATE: Friday, Octber 13, 2017 Exam
More informationWITH RECENT CHANGES ISSUED BY THE CFPB, FINAL REMITTANCE TRANSFER REGULATIONS TO BECOME EFFECTIVE FEBRUARY 7, 2013
Financial Institutins Client Service Grup T: Our Clients and Friends September 19, 2012 WITH RECENT CHANGES ISSUED BY THE CFPB, FINAL REMITTANCE TRANSFER REGULATIONS TO BECOME EFFECTIVE FEBRUARY 7, 2013
More informationMaking the Global Compact on Refugees Work for All Women and Girls Recommendations September 2017
Backgrund Making the Glbal Cmpact n Refugees Wrk fr All Wmen and Girls Recmmendatins September 2017 Apprximately half f the ttal number f refugees are wmen r girls 1. T meet the prmise f the New Yrk Declaratin
More informationURBAN INFORMAL WORKERS: ECONOMIC RIGHTS & REPRESENTATIVE VOICE
URBAN INFORMAL WORKERS: ECONOMIC RIGHTS & REPRESENTATIVE VOICE MARTY CHEN LECTURER IN PUBLIC POLICY, HARVARD KENNEDY SCHOOL INTERNATIONAL COORDINATOR, WIEGO NETWORK Wrld Bank Nvember 22, 2011 REMARKS Infrmal
More informationDESCRIPTIVE CLASSIFICATIONS OF MIGRATION. Fabio Baggio
1 DESCRIPTIVE CLASSIFICATIONS OF MIGRATION Fabi Baggi The understanding f the migratin phenmenn and the develpment f migratin classificatins shuld be always based n the cnsideratin f bth bjective criteria
More informationGreater Sudbury Local Immigration Partnership Presentation Part 2
Greater Sudbury Lcal Immigratin Partnership Presentatin Part 2 Immigratin and Migratin in Greater Sudbury: Attractin and Retentin Strategies Christina Zefi, Research Analyst (Sudbury) Agenda 1. Intrductin
More informationInto the Future: Confirming Our Common Vision
Int the Future: Cnfirming Our Cmmn Visin Fllwing Part I f the Int the Future cnference in May f this year it was clear that the findings f the 1996 Systems f Civil Justice Task Frce Reprt have been widely
More information2017 NSBE DC Professionals Executive Board Candidate s Handbook
Natinal Sciety f Black Engineers 2017 NSBE DC Prfessinals Executive Bard Candidate s Handbk Intrductin 3 NSBE DC Prfessinals Candidacy Eligibility 4 NSBE DC Prfessinals Candidate Certificatin Prcess 5
More informationSupervised Legal Practice Guidelines (Legal Profession Act 2008)
Supervised Legal Practice Guidelines (Legal Prfessin Act 2008) It is a legislative requirement that fllwing admissin and the btaining f a practising certificate, a lcal legal practitiner can nly engage
More informationCONSTITUTION AND BYLAWS
ELGIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY ASSOCIATION CONSTITUTION AND BYLAWS RATIFIED August 20, 2009 ELGIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY ASSOCIATION CONSTITUTION AND BYLAWS AS AMENDED AUGUST 20, 2009, AUGUST 17, 2017,
More informationCountry Profile: Brazil
Intrductin This cuntry guideline prvides general infrmatin n the mst cmmn crprate immigratin prcesses fr Brazil. Please nte that immigratin prcesses in every cuntry are subject t frequent change, and als
More informationNYS Common Core ELA & Literacy Curriculum D R A F T Grade 12 Module 2 Unit 1 Lesson 2
12.2.1 Lessn 2 Intrductin In this lessn, students cntinue their analysis f Benazir Bhutt s speech, Ideas Live On, paying particular attentin t hw Bhutt develps a cmplex set f ideas in paragraphs 11 23
More informationAdjourning Licensing Hearings
Adjurning Licensing Hearings Sarah Clver, Barrister and Head f Licensing at N 5 Chambers gives her pinin n a cmmn practical prblem cncerned with adjurning licensing hearings.. An issue which appears t
More informationRegional Summary of Governance Discussions. Summary of Feedback from Vancouver Coastal Regional Caucus and Health Partnership Workbook
Reginal Summary f Gvernance Discussins 2011 Summary f Feedback frm Vancuver Castal Reginal Caucus and Health Partnership Wrkbk Thank yu t all Vancuver Castal regin Chiefs, leaders, health prfessinals,
More informationChapter 16 Outline. Judicial review is the check that federal courts have against the other two branches of government
Chapter 16 Outline Intr: Judicial review is the check that federal curts have against the ther tw branches f gvernment At ne time, there was much cntrversy n whether it was right t give the judiciary the
More informationDautrich/Yalof/Bejarano, The Enduring Democracy, Fifth Edition ACGM
ACGM Dautrich/Yalf/Bejaran, The Enduring Demcracy, Fifth Editin GOVT 2305 Federal Gvernment LEARNING OUTCOMES Upn successful cmpletin f this curse, students will: CORE CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES (shwn in blue
More informationProtecting Access to Reproductive Health Care and Abortion As An Electoral Priority
Nvember 11, 2014 Prtecting Access t Reprductive Health Care and Abrtin As An Electral Pririty New NARAL Pr-Chice America and Planned Parenthd Actin Fund Pll Results T: Interested Parties Frm: Greenberg
More informationBWI Asbestos Conference
BWI Asbests Cnference Ramamurthy Karnan President, INRLF India 6-7th May 2014 Vienna, Austria India: Challenges India has the secnd highest cnsumptin rate in the wrld, and it is increasing: latest figures
More informationAFRICAN PARLIAMENTARY CONFERENCE Refugees in Africa: The Challenges of Protection and Solutions (Cotonou, Benin, 1-3 June 2004) PROGRAMME OF ACTION
AFRICAN PARLIAMENTARY CONFERENCE Refugees in Africa: The Challenges f Prtectin and Slutins (Ctnu, Benin, 1-3 June 2004) PROGRAMME OF ACTION This Prgramme f Actin describes cncrete bjectives and strategies
More informationMulti-Agency Guidance (Non Police)
Multi-Agency Guidance (Nn Plice) Dmestic Vilence prtectin Ntices Dmestic Vilence Prtectin Orders Sectins 24-33 crime and security Act 2010 Cntents: Page Intrductin 2 Multi-Agency Engagement 2 Criteria
More informationBriefing 745 Rural deprivation. Summary. Introduction
This briefing is spnsred by the East Midlands Develpment Agency (emda): http://www.emda.rg.uk Briefing 745 Rural deprivatin Summary Sparsely ppulated areas shw higher levels f deprivatin than less sparsely
More informationThe British Computer Society. Open Source Specialist Group Constitution
The British Cmputer Sciety Open Surce Specialist Grup Cnstitutin Date Apprved Date Issued 21 December 2004 Amended Patrick Tarpey Versin Final THE BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY THE BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY
More informationAttending the Coroner s Court as a witness and how to give evidence
briefing July 2017 Attending the Crner s Curt as a witness and hw t give evidence Intrductin... 1 Cmmn cncerns f witnesses... 2 The inquest prcess... 2 Preparing fr the inquest... 3 Yur evidence... 3 Refresh
More information1. Humanities-oriented academic essays are typically both analytical and argumentative.
Analysis & Argument 1. Humanities-riented academic essays are typically bth analytical and argumentative. As yu may recall, the pint f an academic paper is nt s much t tell me a bunch f static facts r
More informationPENNSYLVANIA CONFLICT OF LAWS PROFESSOR KEVIN P. OATES DREXEL UNIVERSITY THOMAS R. KLINE SCHOOL OF LAW
PENNSYLVANIA CONFLICT OF LAWS PROFESSOR KEVIN P. OATES DREXEL UNIVERSITY THOMAS R. KLINE SCHOOL OF LAW CHAPTER 1: FULL FAITH AND CREDIT FOR JUDGMENTS Three Main Tpics in Cnflict f Laws: Full faith and
More informationDATA REQUEST GUIDELINES
DATA REQUEST GUIDELINES This dcument describes prcedures law enfrcement authrities and individuals invlved in civil litigatin shuld fllw t request data frm LinkedIn and its affiliated service prviders.
More informationTHE NEW YORK BAR FOUNDATION
THE NEW YORK BAR FOUNDATION 2018 ANTITRUST SECTION LAW STUDENT FELLOWSHIP The New Yrk Bar Fundatin is pleased t annunce the 2018 Antitrust Sectin Law Student Fellwship, which has been established by the
More informationMarywood University Undergraduate Student Government Association Constitution Ratified: October 20, 2015
P a g e 1 Marywd University Undergraduate Student Gvernment Assciatin Cnstitutin Ratified: Octber 20, 2015 Jint Statement f Rights and Freedms Academic institutins exist fr the transmissin f knwledge,
More informationAssessment of Refugees Qualifications:
Assessment f Refugees Qualificatins: Nrwegian Apprach Marina Malgina Head f Sectin NOKUT (Nrwegian Agency fr Quality Assurance in Educatin), Nrwegian ENIC-NARIC NOKUT Nrwegian Agency fr Quality Assurance
More informationThe Role of Culture and the Arts in the Integration of Refugees and Migrants: Member State Questionnaires
The Rle f Culture and the Arts in the Integratin f Refugees and Migrants: Member State Questinnaires Elaine McGregr and Nra Ragab Eurpean Expert Netwrk n Culture and Audivisual (EENCA) Date published:
More informationSALSA CLUB CONSTITUTION. Constitution of the "Salsa Club"
Article I ---- Name Article II ---- Purpse SALSA CLUB CONSTITUTION Cnstitutin f the "Salsa Club" The name f this rganizatin shall be "Salsa " The purpse f this rganizatin shall be t prmte student invlvement
More informationTOBACCO FREE JEFFERSON PARTNERSHIP
TOBACCO FREE JEFFERSON PARTNERSHIP 2017 18 MANUAL McCarthy, Chastity L Chastity.mccarthy@flhealth.gv TABLE OF CONTENTS Missin Statement... 1 Tbacc Free Jeffersn Partnership Slate f Officers July 1, 2017
More informationNYS Common Core ELA & Literacy Curriculum D R A F T Grade 12 Module 2 Unit 1 Lesson 7
12.2.1 Lessn 7 Intrductin In this lessn, students cntinue t read and analyze Henry David Threau s Civil Disbedience. Students read part 1, paragraphs 5 6 (frm The mass f men serve the state thus, nt as
More informationJudicial independence in Central America: problems and proposals
Judicial independence in Central America: prblems and prpsals Even after several decades f judicial refrms and internatinal assistance fr judiciaries, judicial independence, transparency, and mre in general,
More informationPromoting Remittance for Development Finance
Cmpletin Reprt Prject Number: 48190-001 Technical Assistance Number: 8725 July 2017 Prmting Remittance fr Develpment Finance This dcument is being disclsed t the public in accrdance with ADB s Public Cmmunicatins
More informationArticle I: Legislative Branch; Powers of Congress, Powers denied Congress, how Congress functions
The Cnstitutin 1 Preamble, 7 Articles, 27 Amendments Articles f the Cnstitutin Preamble: The purpse f the Cnstitutin Article I: Legislative Branch; Pwers f Cngress, Pwers denied Cngress, hw Cngress functins
More informationVietnam National Consultation on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers March 3-4, 2008, Hanoi, Vietnam
Vietnam Natinal Cnsultatin n the Prtectin and Prmtin f the Rights f Migrant Wrkers March 3-4, 2008, Hani, Vietnam We, the participants f the Vietnam Natinal Cnsultatin n the Prtectin and Prmtin f the Rights
More informationThe Genuine Temporary Entrant (GTE) Requirement (Recommendations 1 and 2)
The Genuine Temprary Entrant (GTE) Requirement (Recmmendatins 1 and 2) The fllwing infrmatin prvides further detail n the planned Knight Review changes t the student visa prgram. Frequently asked questins
More informationFocus Question: How important a role should ethics play in running a business?
L E S S O N 1 7 : B U S I N E S S E T H I C S The business f America is business. Calvin Clidge Fcus Questin: Hw imprtant a rle shuld ethics play in running a business? Objectives Students will be able
More information